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Estimation of copper concentration of rocks using hyperspectral technology

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第3期13卷 563-574页

作者： Shichao CUI kefa zhou Rufu DING State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Digital Geology Urumqi 830011China Xinjiang Research Center for Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China Non-Ferrous Metals Resources Geological Survey Beijing 100012China

Rock geochemical information is important for mineral exploration and provides a theoretical basis for the rapid delineation of hidden minerals. Remote sensing technology provides the possibility of rapid and large-scale extraction of geochemical information from the earth’s surface. This study analyzed the relationship between copper concentration and rock spectra by first collecting 222 rock samples, and then measuring the copper concentration of rock samples in the laboratory and reflectance spectra using an ASD FieldSpec3 portable spectrometer. It finally established quantitative relationships between the original spectra, first-order derivative spectra and second-order derivative spectra and copper concentration, respectively, using the partial least squares support vector machine method (PLS-SVM). The results show that 1) The estimation accuracy of using second-order derivatives spectra as input parameters to establish a model for estimating copper concentration is the highest, and the determined coefficient (R2) between the predicted value and real value reaches 0.54. 2) When the copper concentration is less than 80 mg/kg, the inversion model of copper concentration established using PLS-SVM obtains a good result. The R2 between the predicted copper concentration and the real copper concentration reached 0.70248. When the copper concentration is greater than 80 mg/kg, the inversion model of copper concentration established using partial least squares (PLS) obtains a good result. The R2 between the predicted copper concentration and the real copper concentration reached 0.49. The R2 between real copper concentration and copper predicted by the method of piecewise separate modeling reaches ***, the method of segmental modeling has great potential to improve the accuracy of copper concentration inversion.

关键词： copper concentration rock geochemical information PLS-SVM remote sensing

Corridor effect of the spatial changes of landscape patterns in arid areas:A case study of the river corridor areas in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第A01期51卷 82-91页

作者： zhou Huarong XIAO Duning zhou kefa Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Shenyang Instiute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

在 Tarim Riverare 的中间、更低的活动范围的河走廊区域在 Ruoqiang 从 Qara 水库 inYuli 县沿着河节由传统的绿走廊统治了到泰泰马·莱克县，它在 Tarim 河分水岭在社会、经济的发展起一个重要作用与一极其重要的生态的功能。对水路... 详细信息

在 Tarim Riverare 的中间、更低的活动范围的河走廊区域在 Ruoqiang 从 Qara 水库 inYuli 县沿着河节由传统的绿走廊统治了到泰泰马·莱克县，它在 Tarim 河分水岭在社会、经济的发展起一个重要作用与一极其重要的生态的功能。对水路垂直的缓冲区地区从水路在 5-kminterval 开始沿着两个河边被定义(10 km 更宽) 用缓冲区地区分析的方法。每个缓冲区地区的风景模式索引被计算，并且主要风景模式的索引被分析以便在风景和补丁层次上揭示放射的效果和河走廊的特征。放射的宽度通常是在学习区域的 30 km 的结果表演，和罐头直到在潜水艇的 50-70 km -- 区域 FG1 因为学习区域位于二排水盆，与在他们之间的一个生态的空隙的地区。树林和沼泽地的 Thelandscapes 通常在 10 km 缓冲区地区以内被散布(它意味着缓冲区地区是离开水路的 5 km；一样此后) 沿着两个河边。而且，缓冲区地区越靠近到水路，补丁密度和最大的补丁索引是越多 higher。在为学习区域的生态、环境的新生，河走廊的生态的效果的程度必须充分被考虑，并且工程必须科学地并且讲道理地被计划并且设计。

关键词：干旱带水通道通道效应塔里木河

Application of cluster analysis to geochemical compositional data for identifying ore-related geochemical anomalies

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第3期12卷 491-505页

作者： Shuguang zhou kefa zhou Jinlin WANG Genfang YANG Shanshan WANG Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Xinjiang Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Digital Geology Ummqi 830011 China Laboratory of Desert Environment & Engineering Ummqi 830011 China

Cluster analysis is a well-known technique that is used to analyze various types of data. In this study, cluster analysis is applied to geochemical data that describe 1444 stream sediment samples collected in northwestern Xinjiang with a sample spacing of approximately 2 km. Three algorithms （the hierarchical, k-means, and fuzzy cmeans algorithms） and six data transformation methods （the z-score standardization, ZST; the logarithmic transformation, LT; the additive log-ratio transformation, ALT; the centered log-ratio transformation, CLT; the isometric log-ratio transformation, ILT; and no transformation, NT） are compared in terms of their effects on the cluster analysis of the geochemical compositional data. The study shows that, on the one hand, the ZST does not affect the results of columnor variable-based （R-type） cluster analysis, whereas the other methods, including the LT, the ALT, and the CLT, have substantial effects on the results. On the other hand, the results of the row- or observation-based （Q-type） cluster analysis obtained from the geochemical data after applying NT and the ZST are relatively poor. However, we derive some improved results from the geochemical data after applying the CLT, the ILT, the LT, and the ALT. Moreover, the k-means and fuzzy cmeans clustering algorithms are more reliable than the hierarchical algorithm when they are used to cluster the geochemical data. We apply cluster analysis to the geochemical data to explore for Au deposits within the study area, and we obtain a good correlation between the results retrieved by combining the CLT or the ILT with the k-means or fuzzy c-means algorithms and the potential zones of Au mineralization. Therefore, we suggest that the combination of the CLT or the ILT with the k-means or fuzzy c-means algorithms is an effective tool to identify potential zones of mineralization from geochemical data.

关键词： cluster analysis compositional data geochemical anomaly mineral exploration

Direct numerical simulation of hydrogen turbulent lifted jet flame in a vitiated coflow

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第15期52卷 2147-2156页

作者： WANG ZhiHua FAN JianRen zhou JunHu CEN kefa State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Institute for Thermal Power Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

The direct numerical simulation (DNS) method with 16 steps detailed chemical kinetics was applied to a lifted turbulent jet flame with H2/N2 fuel issuing into a wide hot coflow of lean combustion products,at temperature of 1045 K and low oxygen concentrations. The chemical reactions were handled by the library function of CHEMKIN which was called by the main program in every time step. Parallel com-putational technology based on message passing interface method (MPI) was used in the simulation. All the cases were run by 12 CPUs on a high performance computer system. Faver-averaged DNS re-sults were obtained by long time averaging the transient profile and compared with the experimental data. The roll-up and evolution of the vortices in jet flame were well captured. The vortices in the same rotating direction attracted each other and those in different rotating directions repulsed each other. Through complex interactions between vortices,the original symmetrical vortex structure could be converted into nonsymmetrical and more complex structures by combination,distortion and splitting of the vortices. The transient profiles of H,OH and H2O mass fraction at 5.76 ms showed the flame structure in jet flame,especially the autoignition regions clearly. The lift-off height was about 9 d―11 d,in agreement with the experimental observation. At the corner point of the flame sheet indicated by OH and H profiles,the combustion was always enhanced by the flame curvature and extended resident time. The profiles of turbulence intensities show that the flames were diffused from the original two outside flame sheets into the core. The DNS results can be considered in developing more accurate and more universal turbulence models.

关键词：数字模拟射流协流化学动力学

Quantitative assessment and analysis on the dynamic change of ecological capital in arid areas

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第A01期51卷 204-212页

作者： CHEN Xi ZHANG Qing zhou kefa SUN Li Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Institute of Remote Sensing College of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

生态的资本是生物资源的直接价值和生态系统的生态的服务功能价值的求和。在 RS ， GPS 和 GIS 的支持下面，在这篇论文，估计生态的资本的基于RS 的量的测量模型每由包括 Landsat TM 数据使用生态的参数统一区域基于生态的资本的价... 详细信息

生态的资本是生物资源的直接价值和生态系统的生态的服务功能价值的求和。在 RS ， GPS 和 GIS 的支持下面，在这篇论文，估计生态的资本的基于RS 的量的测量模型每由包括 Landsat TM 数据使用生态的参数统一区域基于生态的资本的价值上的传统的生态学理论和研究被开发， CBERS 卫星数据，气象学的数据， MODIS 卫星数据，陆地封面数据和测量地的数据。在在 1990， 1995 和 2003 的 Changji Hui 自治的府的生态的资本的空间与时间的分发上的案例研究被执行，并且在府的生态的资本的动态变化被测量并且与 GDP 相比。在学习区域的生态的资本的空间分发的地图被制定，并且生态的资本的空间分发的特征被分析。结果证明在在 1990， 1995 和 2003 的府的生态的资本的价值是 1.473 68 吗？？

关键词：干旱带 RS估计动力改变生态系统

Topological analysis of methane lean premixed flame in turbulent jet flow by direct numerical simulation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第13期55卷 1231-1239页

作者： LV Yu WANG ZhiHua PEI He zhou JunHu CEN kefa State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Institute for Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Direct numerical simulation is employed to investigate the premixed jet flame of methane in lean, combined with a detailed chemical kinetics including 17 species and 58 elemental steps and distinct Lewis numbers. Cold methane-air mixture at 0.55 equivalence ratio is injected into the coflow area with 9500 Reynolds number. The coflow ambient gas is set to be the burnt gas of the methane-air mixture in main jet and temperature is assigned to be the corresponding adiabatic flame temperature 1515 K. The whole simulation process is run based on paralleled calculation method, and chemical sources are acquired by dynamically calling CHEMKIN library function. The flame structure at 6.98 ms is shown to demonstrate the obvious dependence of flame structure and reaction rate on vortices motion. Then by tracing the interaction between different flame elements and vortices, the mechanism behind this dependence is found. The concepts including surface density function, mean curvature and stretch rate are used to describe the geometrical structure of vortex-affected flame. Those are all calculated according to simulation result and statistically associated with heat release rate that indicates reaction intensity. The statistical results show that surface density function and reaction rate own direct positive correlation; largely wrinkled flames with greater curvatures magnitude tend to become thick and weaken surface density function and reaction rate, appearing local extinction phenomena; large tangential stretch rates exerted on flame usually produce a local thinning effect in normal making reaction rate intensified. The DNS presented will supply beneficial references to better understanding of flame-vortex interaction and development of more accurate general model for turbulent premixed combustion.

关键词：直接数值模拟湍流射流拓扑分析预混火焰甲烷

Study on RS-and GIS-based ecological capital assessment in arid areas

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第A01期51卷 213-220页

作者： zhou kefa CHEN Xi zhou Huarong ZHANG Qing ZUO Qiting ZHANG Haibo YAN Jinfeng CHEN Chuan Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Institute of Remote Sensing Peking University Beijing 100871 China Xinjiang University Urumqi 830008 China

生态的大写的评价当前是生态学，资源经济，环境经济和生态的经济的学科交差的领域里的重要研究内容之一。为了科学地估计生态的资本，增加到决策人在经济开发考虑生态的费用，并且为在干旱区域的持续经济开发也是必要的。基于风景生态... 详细信息

生态的大写的评价当前是生态学，资源经济，环境经济和生态的经济的学科交差的领域里的重要研究内容之一。为了科学地估计生态的资本，增加到决策人在经济开发考虑生态的费用，并且为在干旱区域的持续经济开发也是必要的。基于风景生态学的理论，在这篇论文生态的资本在干旱区域珍视的per 单位区域被使用 Landsat TM 数据， CBERS 卫星数据，气象学的数据， MODIS 卫星数据和另外的生态的数据研究，并且 RS --并且在干旱区域估计生态的大写的价值的官方补给底的模型被开发。而且基于测量地的数据，在在威信河盆的生态的大写的评价以后的案例研究，在 2003 的 Xinjiang 被执行。盆被划分成 4 个生态的大写的区域以便份量上计算生态系统的生态的大写的价值，分析生态的资本的空间分发，并且制定生态的资本的空间分发的地图。结果证明在在 2003 的威信河盆的生态系统的全部的生态的大写的价值是 1.494 54 癮吗？？

关键词： GIS RS估计生态系统评估模型干旱带

The discovery of the oldest rocks in the Kuluketage area and its geological implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第3期54卷 342-348页

作者： LONG XiaoPing YUAN Chao SUN Min XIAO WenJiao ZHAO GuoChun zhou kefa WANG YuJing HU AiQin Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Department of Earth Sciences The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Xinjiang Resources and Environment Center Urumqi 830000 China

The basement rocks in the Kuluketage area are composed predominately of tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite rocks, and occured mainly in Xinger and Korla. U-Pb dating of TTG gneiss near Korla yielded a late Neoarchean weighted mean 207Pb/206Pb age of 2.65 Ga, which is the oldest published age for the TTG rocks in the Kuluketage area and thus suggests that Archean terrane in the area was formed in the late Neoarchean. The Korla gneiss is much younger than the TTG rocks in the northern Altyn Tagh, eastern Tarim Craton, indicating that the oldest terrane of the Tarim Craton was exposed probably in the northern Altyn Tagh. Until late Neoarchean, the Tarim continent extends to the Kuluketage area and finally had generated a relatively large uniform Archean basement within the craton. Zircon Hf isotopic analyses of the TTG gneiss give low εHf(t) values (-5 to 1) with Paleoarchean to Mesoarchean two-stage model ages (TDM2) between 3.0 and 3.3 Ga, suggesting that the basement rocks in the northern Tarim Craton were derived dominately from partial melting of Paleoarchean to Mesoarchean juvenile crustal material. The Hf model ages, therefore, indicate that no continent crust older than 3.3 Ga existed in the Kuluketage area.

关键词： Tarim Craton Archean crustal growth zircon dating Hf isotope

基于大规模预训练模型的地质矿物属性识别方法及应用

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新疆地质 2024年第1期42卷 139-144页

作者：王彬彬周可法王金林汪玮李超程寅益中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所新疆矿产资源研究中心新疆乌鲁木齐830011 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心北京100094 新疆矿产资源与数字地质重点实验室新疆乌鲁木齐830011 中国地质大学(武汉)地质调查研究院湖北武汉430074

地球科学的研究成果通常记录在技术报告、期刊论文、书籍等文献中,但许多详细的地球科学报告未被使用,这为信息提取提供了机遇。为此,我们提出了一种名为GMNER(Geological Minerals named entity recognize,MNER)的深度神经网络模型,用... 详细信息

地球科学的研究成果通常记录在技术报告、期刊论文、书籍等文献中,但许多详细的地球科学报告未被使用,这为信息提取提供了机遇。为此,我们提出了一种名为GMNER(Geological Minerals named entity recognize,MNER)的深度神经网络模型,用于识别和提取矿物类型、地质构造、岩石与地质时间等关键信息。与传统方法不同,本次采用了大规模预训练模型BERT(Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers,BERT)和深度神经网络来捕捉上下文信息,并结合条件随机场(Conditional random field,CRF)以获得准确结果。实验结果表明,MNER模型在中文地质文献中表现出色,平均精确度为0.8984,平均召回率0.9227,平均F1分数0.9104。研究不仅为自动矿物信息提取提供了新途径,也有望促进矿产资源管理和可持续利用。

关键词：矿物信息提取深度神经网络矿物文献命名实体识别