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Uncertainty Representation of Ocean Fronts Based on Fuzzy-Rough Set Theory

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2008年第2期7卷 131-136页

作者： XUE Cunjin zhou chenghu SU Fenzhen ZHANG Dandan The Marine GIS＇s Center of State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 1 O0101 P. R. China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China

Analysis of ocean fronts＇ uncertainties indicates that they result from indiscemibility of their spatial position and fuzziness of their intensity. In view of this, a flow hierarchy for uncertainty representation of ocean fronts is proposed on the basis of fuzzy-rough set theory. Firstly, raster scanning and blurring are carried out on an ocean front, and the upper and lower approximate sets, the indiscernible relation in fuzzy-rough theories and related operators in fuzzy set theories are adopted to represent its uncertainties, then they are classified into three sets： with members one hundred percent belonging to the ocean front, belonging to the ocean front＇s edge and definitely not belonging to the ocean front. Finally, the approximate precision and roughness degree are utilized to evaluate the ocean front＇s degree of uncertainties and the precision of the representation. It has been proven that the method is not only capable of representing ocean fronts＇ uncertainties, but also provides a new theory and method for uncertainty representation of other oceanic phenomena.

关键词： fuzzy-rough set upper approximate sets lower approximate sets ocean fronts uncertainties

The oasis expansion and eco-environment change over the last 50 years in Manas River Valley, Xinjiang

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第2期49卷 163-175页

作者： CHENG Weiming zhou chenghu LIU Haijiang ZHANG Yang JIANG Yan ZHANG Yichi YAO Yonghui State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The oasis expansion and economic development of the Manas River Valley is one of the most successful examples in Xinjiang. In this paper, the oasis spatial distribution pattern and dynamic change were examined using imageries of Landsat MSS, TM and ETM, land use and topographic maps in six different periods (such as 1949, 1962, 1976, 1989, 1999 and 2001) over the last 50 years in the valley. The oasis expansion process could be divided into two stages according to the annual rate of oasis area increase, the fast oasization stage (from 1949 to 1976) when the oasis area ex-panded from 156.385 km2 in 1949 to 3,639.491 km2 in 1976 because of rapidly increased population and quickly enlarged farmland area; and the urbanization stage (from 1976 to 2001) when the ex-pansion ratio of farmland slowed down, and the urbanization process quickened, the total oasis area reached 5042.440 km2 in 2001. With the continuous expansion of oasis and farmland, a large quantity of river water was drawn into irrigation ditch and plain lakes, so only a small quantity of river water could flow into lakes, as a result, the Manas Lake dried up, salization and basification problems happened in the low-lying oasis region. The natural swamp around the lake was shrunk greatly and biodiversity decreased significantly. The driving force analysis reveals that human activities, such as reclamation and population growth, played a major role in the oasis expansion and ecological dete-rioration in the Manas River Valley. So further efforts should be made to improve the efficiency of water resource utility and adjust layout of the regional agricultural and animal husbandry to keep the sustainable development of oasis economic belt of the northern slope of Tianshan Mts.

关键词： Manas River Valley, oasization, urbanization, salinization and basification, remote sensing (RS).

Research on extracting method of micro-scale remote sensing information combination and application in coastal zone

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第5期28卷 30-38页

作者： YANG Xiaomei zhou chenghu GONG Jianming GAO Zhenyu Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Due to the need of rapid and sustainable development in China’s coastal zones, the high-resolution information theory using data mining technology becomes an urgent research focus. However, the traditional pixel-based image analysis methods cannot meet the needs of this development trend. The paper attempts to present an information extraction approach in terms of image segmentation based on an object-oriented algorithm for high-resolution remote sensing images. An aim of the author’ research is to establish an identification system of ＂pixel-primitive-object＂. Through extraction and combination of micro-scale coastal zone features, some objects are classified or recognized, e.g., tidal flat, water line, sea wall, and mariculture pond. Firstly, the authors extract various internal features of relatively homogeneous primitive objects using an image segmentation algorithm based on both spectral and shape information. Secondly, the features of those primitives are analyzed to ascertain an optimal object by adopting certain feature rules. The results from this research indicate that our model is practical to realize and the extraction accuracy of the coastal information is significantly improved as compared with the traditional approaches. Therefore, this study provides a potential way to serve the author’ highly dynamic coastal zones for monitoring, management, development and utilization.

关键词： Object-oriented Image Segmentation Coastal Zone Information Extraction

Geomorphological regionalization theory system and division methodology of China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第2期30卷 212-232页

作者： WANG Nan CHENG Weiming WANG Baixue LIU Qiangyi zhou chenghu State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies Nanjing 210093China

Geomorphological regionalization(geomor-region)and geomorphological type(geomor-type)classification are two core components in the geomorphologic *** remarkable achievements have been made in the study of geomor-region,many deficiencies still exist,such as the inconsistency of landform indicators,the small quantity of division orders,disparities of geomorphological characteristics,differences of mapping results,and the small scale of zoning *** for improved national geomor-regions are therefore needed for the purpose of an enhanced national geo-information *** on theories of geomor-region in China including plate tectonics,crustal features,endogenic and exogenic forced geomorphological features,and regional differentiations of geomor-type,a three-order(major-region,sub-region,and small-region)research program on China’s geomor-regions is proposed on the basis of previous 2013 geomor-region *** major contents of the new geomor-region scheme are:(1)principles of the national multi-order geomor-regions;(2)hierarchical indicator systems of geomor-regions including characteristics of the terrain ladder under the control of tectonic setting,combinations of regional macro-form types,combinations of endogenic and exogenic forces and basic types of morphology,combinations of regional morphological types,and combinations of regional micro-morphological types;(3)naming rules and coding methods of geomor-regions;and(4)precise positioning techniques and methods of multi-order geomor-region divisions based on multi-source *** the new geomor-region theory and division methodology,the partition of national three-order geomor-regions of China was successfully *** geomor-region system divided China into six first-order major-regions,36 second-order sub-regions,and 136 third-order *** addition,a database and management information system of the national geomor-regions were *** research has an impo

关键词： geomorphological regionalization geomorphological types hierarchical system China

A four-band index for both liquid and solid water and its applications in the Aral Sea Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 769-788页

作者： Bing YUE Xi CHEN Saibo LI Zhengping DU John WILSON Junhui YANG Yimen JIAO Shuangyan HUANG chenghu zhou Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Spatial Sciences Institute University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089-0374USA

Various investigations have been conducted to analyze the water-coverage area of the Aral Sea and the Aral Sea Basin(ASB). However, the investigations incorporated considerable uncertainty and the used water indices had misclassification problem, which made different research groups present different results. Thus we first ascertain the boundaries of the ASB, the Syr and Amu river basins as well as their upper, middle and lower reaches. Then a four-band index for both liquid and solid water(ILSW) is proposed to address the misclassification problems of the classic water indices. ILSW is calculated by using the reflectance values of the green, red, near infrared, and thermal infrared bands, which combines the normalized difference water index(NDWI) and land surface temperature(LST) together. Validation results show that the ILSW water index has the highest accuracy by far in the Aral Sea Basin. Our results indicate that annual average decline of the water-coverage area was 963 km^(2) in the southern Aral Sea, whereas the northern Aral Sea has experienced little change. In the meanwhile, permanent ice and snow in upper reach of ASB has retreated considerably. Annual retreating rates of the permanent ice and snow were respectively 6233and 3841 km^(2) in upper reaches of Amu river basin(UARB) and Syr river basin(USRB). One of major reasons is that climate has become warmer in ASB. The climate change has caused serious water deficit problem. The water deficit had an increasing trend since the 1990s and its increasing rates was 3.778 billion m^(3) yearly on average. The total water deficit was 76.967 billion m^(3) on average in the whole area of ASB in the 2010s. However, up reaches of Syr river basin(USRB), a component area of ASB, had water surplus of 25.461 billion m^(3). These conclusions are useful for setting out a sustainable development strategy in ASB.

关键词： Aral Sea Basin Syr river basin Amu river basin Water indices Water-coverage area Water deficit Climate change

A partial least-squares regression approach to land use studies in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou region

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2007年第2期17卷 234-244页

作者： ZHANG Yang zhou chenghu ZHANG Yongmin Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Graduate Sohool of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Department of Resources and Environment Sciences -Henan University of Finance and EconomicsZhengzhou 450002 China

In several LUCC studies, statistical methods are being used to analyze land use data. A problem using conventional statistical methods in land use analysis is that these methods assume the data to be statistically independent. But in fact, they have the tendency to be dependent, a phenomenon known as multicollinearity, especially in the cases of few observations. In this paper, a Partial Least-Squares （PLS） regression approach is developed to study relationships between land use and its influencing factors through a case study of the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou region in China. Multicollinearity exists in the dataset and the number of variables is high compared to the number of observations. Four PLS factors are selected through a preliminary analysis. The correlation analyses between land use and influencing factors demonstrate the land use character of rural industrialization and urbanization in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou region, meanwhile illustrate that the first PLS factor has enough ability to best describe land use patterns quantitatively, and most of the statistical relations derived from it accord with the fact. By the decreasing capacity of the PLS factors, the reliability of model outcome decreases correspondingly.

关键词： land use multivariate data analysis partial least-squares regression Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou region multicollinearity

Streamflow trends and hydrological response to climatic change in Tarim headwater basin

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2007年第1期17卷 51-61页

作者： JIANG Yan zhou chenghu CHENG Weiming Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China

This paper has studied the change of streamflow and the impact of climatic variability conditions on regional hydrological cycle in the headwater of the Tarim River Basin. This study investigates possible causes of observed trends in streamflow in an environment which is highly variable in terms of atmospheric conditions, and where snow and ice melt play an important role in the natural hydrological regime. The discharge trends of three head streams have a significant increase trend from 1957 to 2002 with the Mann-Kendall test. Complex time-frequency distributions in the streamflow regime are demonstrated especially by Morlet wavelet analysis over 40 years. The purpose is to ascertain the nature of climatic factors spatial and temporal distribution, involved the use of EOF （Empirical Orthogonal Function） to compare the dominant temperature, precipitation and evaporation patterns from normally climatic records over the Tarim＇s headwater basin. It shows that the first principal component was dominated since the 1990s for temperature and precipitation, which identifies the significant ascending trend of spatial and temporal pattern characteristics under the condition of the global warming. An exponential correlation is highlighted between surface air temperature and mean river discharge monthly, so the regional runoff increases by 10%-16% when surface air temperature rises by 1 ℃. Results suggest that headwater basins are the most vulnerable environments from the point of view of climate change, because their watershed properties promote runoff feeding by glacier and snow melt water and their fundamental vulnerability to temperature changes affects rainfall, snowfall, and glacier and ice melt.

关键词： climatic change EOF Mann-Kendall test runoff streamfiow Tarim Basin wavelet

Geospatial assessment of rooftop solar photovoltaic potential using multi-source remote sensing data

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Energy and AI 2022年第4期10卷 17-28页

作者： Hou Jiang Ling Yao Ning Lu Jun Qin Tang Liu Yujun Liu chenghu zhou Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Guangzhou 511458China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Information Engineering China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Provincial Geomatics Center of Jiangsu Nanjing210013China

Rooftop solar photovoltaics (PV) play increasing role in the global sustainable energy transition. This raises the challenge of accurate and high-resolution geospatial assessment of PV technical potential in policymaking and power system planning. To address the challenge, we propose a general framework that combines multi-resource satellite images and deep learning models to provide estimates of rooftop PV power generation. We apply deep learning based inversion model to estimate hourly solar radiation based on geostationary satellite images, and automatic segmentation model to extract building footprint from high-resolution satellite images. The framework enables precise survey of available rooftop resources and detailed simulation of power generation on an hourly basis with a spatial resolution of 100 m. The case study in Jiangsu Province demonstrates that the framework is applicable for large areas and scalable between precise locations and arbitrary regions across multiple temporal scales. Our estimates show that rooftop resources across the province have a potential installed capacity of 245.17 GW, corresponding to an annual power generation of 290.66 TWh. This highlights the huge space for carbon emissions reduction through developing rooftop PVs.

关键词： Rooftop photovoltaics Building footprints Remote sensing Deep learning Solar energy

An adaptive representation model for geoscience knowledge graphs considering complex spatiotemporal features and relationships

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第11期66卷 2563-2578页

作者： Yunqiang ZHU Kai SUN Shu WANG chenghu zhou Feng LU Hairong LV Qinjun QIU Xinbing WANG Yanmin QI State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Computer Science University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China

Geoscience knowledge graph(GKG)can organize various geoscience knowledge into a machine understandable and computable semantic network and is an effective way to organize geoscience knowledge and provide knowledge-related *** a result,it has gained significant attention and become a frontier in *** knowledge is derived from many disciplines and has complex spatiotemporal features and relationships of multiple scales,granularities,and ***,establishing a GKG representation model conforming to the characteristics of geoscience knowledge is the basis and premise for the construction and application of ***,existing knowledge graph representation models leverage fixed tuples that are limited in fully representing complex spatiotemporal features and *** address this issue,this paper first systematically analyzes the categorization and spatiotemporal features and relationships of geoscience *** this basis,an adaptive representation model for GKG is proposed by considering the complex spatiotemporal features and *** the constraint of a unified spatiotemporal ontology,this model adopts different tuples to adaptively represent different types of geoscience knowledge according to their spatiotemporal *** model can efficiently represent geoscience knowledge,thereby avoiding the isolation of the spatiotemporal feature representation and improving the accuracy and efficiency of geoscience knowledge *** can further enable the alignment,transformation,computation,and reasoning of spatiotemporal information through a spatiotemporal ontology.

关键词： Geoscience Knowledge graph Representation model Spatiotemporal features Spatiotemporal relationships