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Molten salt synthesis of porous carbon and its application in supercapacitors: A review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第10期30卷 622-640,I0016页

作者： zhongya pang Guangshi Li Xiaolu Xiong Li Ji Qian Xu Xingli Zou Xionggang Lu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel&Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University99#Shangda RoadShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System School of MicroelectronicsFudan University825#Zhangheng RoadShanghai 200433China

Carbon materials have taken an important role in supercapacitor applications due to their outstanding features of large surface area,low price,and stable physicochemical *** research efforts have been devoted to the development of novel synthesis strategy for the preparation of porous carbon materials in recent *** particular,molten salt strategy represents an emerging and promising method,whereby it has shown great potential in achieving tailored production of porous *** has been proved that the molten salt-assisted production of carbon via the direct carbonization of carbonaceous precursors is an effective ***,with the incorporation of electrochemical technology,molten salt synthesis of porous carbon has become flexible and ***,this review focuses on the mainstream molten salt synthesis strategies for the production of porous carbon materials,which includes direct molten salt carbonization process,capture and electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)to value-added carbon,electrochemical exfoliation of graphite to graphene-based materials,and electrochemical etching of carbides to new-type carbide-derived carbon *** reaction mechanisms and recent advances for these strategies are reviewed and discussed *** morphological and structural properties and capacitive performances of the obtained carbon materials are summarized to reveal their appealing points for supercapacitor ***,the opportunities and challenges of the molten salt synthesis strategy for the preparation of carbon materials are also discussed in this review to provide inspiration to the future researches.

关键词： Molten salt synthesis Porous carbon CO_(2)conversion Graphene Carbide-derived carbon

An integrated strategy towards the facile synthesis of core-shell SiC-derived carbon@N-doped carbon for high-performance supercapacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第5期30卷 512-521页

作者： zhongya pang Guangshi Li Xingli Zou Chenteng Sun Conghui Hu Wei Tang Li Ji Hsien-Yi Hsu Qian Xu Xionggang Lu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel&Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System School of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Energy and Environment&Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon Tong 999077Hong KongChina Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057GuangdongChina

Porous active core-shell carbon material with excellent synergistic effect has been regarded as a prospective material for ***,we report an integrated method for the facile synthesis of carbide-derived carbon(CDC)encapsulated with porous N-doped carbon(CDC@NC)towards highperformance ***(PDA)as nitrogen and carbon sources was simply coated on SiC nanospheres to form SiC@PDA,which was then directly transformed into CDC@NC via a onestep molten salt electro-etching/in-situ doping *** synthesized CDC@NC with hierarchically porous structure has a high specific surface area of 1191 m^(2) g^(-1).The CDC core and NC shell are typical amorphous carbon and more ordered N-doped carbon,*** from its unique dual porous structures,the CDC@NC demonstrates high specific capacitances of 255 and 193 F g^(-1) at 0.5 and20 A g^(-1),*** reaction mechanism of the electro-etching/in-situ doping process has also been investigated through experimental characterizations and theoretical density functional theory *** is suggested that the molten salt electro-etching/in-situ doping strategy is promising for the synthesis of active core-shell porous carbon materials with synergistic properties for supercapacitors without the need for additional doping/activation processes.

关键词： Molten salt Electrochemical etching Core-shell structure Porous carbon In-situ nitrogen doping Supercapacitors

Recent Advances in Electrochemical-Based Silicon Production Technologies with Reduced Carbon Emission

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 209-236页

作者： Feng Tian zhongya pang Shen Hu Xueqiang Zhang Fei Wang Wei Nie Xuewen Xia Guangshi Li Hsien-Yi Hsu Qian Xu Xingli Zou Li Ji Xionggang Lu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel&Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University99#Shangda RoadShanghai 200444China Center for Hydrogen Metallurgy Technology Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System School of MicroelectronicsFudan University220#Handan RoadShanghai 200433China School of Energy and Environment Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina

Sustainable and low-carbon-emission silicon production is currently one of the main focuses for the metallurgical and materials science ***,considered a promising strategy,has been explored to produce silicon due to prominent advantages:(a)high electricity utilization efficiency;(b)low-cost silica as a raw material;and(c)tunable morphologies and structures,including films,nanowires,and *** review begins with a summary of early research on the extraction of silicon by *** has been placed on the electro-deoxidation and dissolution–electrodeposition of silica in chloride molten salts since the 21st century,including the basic reaction mechanisms,the fabrication of photoactive Si films for solar cells,the design and production of nanoSi and various silicon components for energy conversion,as well as storage ***,the feasibility of silicon electrodeposition in room-temperature ionic liquids and its unique opportunities are *** this basis,the challenges and future research directions for silicon electrochemical production strategies are proposed and discussed,which are essential to achieve large-scale sustainable production of silicon by electrochemistry.

关键词： directions electrodeposition electricity

CaCl_(2)-CaF_(2)-CaO三元体系的相图计算

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有色金属（冶炼部分） 2024年第2期 41-47,56页

作者：何艺霖缪涵庞忠亚李光石王坤邹星礼鲁雄刚上海大学材料科学与工程学院省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室上海200444

基于Calphad方法,首先对CaCl_(2)-CaO、CaCl_(2)-CaF_(2)和CaO-CaF_(2)体系进行了系统的热力学评估和优化。采用置换溶液模型来描述液相和固溶体相的吉布斯自由能,所有中间相因其固溶区域十分有限而近似处理成准化学计量比化合物,且其... 详细信息

基于Calphad方法,首先对CaCl_(2)-CaO、CaCl_(2)-CaF_(2)和CaO-CaF_(2)体系进行了系统的热力学评估和优化。采用置换溶液模型来描述液相和固溶体相的吉布斯自由能,所有中间相因其固溶区域十分有限而近似处理成准化学计量比化合物,且其自由能依据Neumann-Kopp规则定义。其次,利用Muggianu溶液几何模型将优化获得的所有子二元系的模型参数扩展至CaCl_(2)-CaO-CaF_(2)三元体系。最后,对共晶点进行配样和差示扫描量热法(DSC)测试,通过引入三元交互参数使计算结果与试验数据一致,从而获得了一套自洽的CaCl_(2)-CaO-CaF_(2)三元体系热力学数据库。

关键词：相图置换溶液模型 CaCl_(2)-CaO-CaF_(2)三元系 DSC

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熔盐氯化用熔体组分对体系物性的影响研究

钢铁钒钛 2024年第4期45卷 8-15,28页

作者：何艺霖徐健淋马占山庞忠亚朱福兴邹星礼鲁雄刚上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海200444 钒钛资源综合利用国家重点实验室攀钢集团研究院有限公司四川攀枝花617000

氯化物熔盐物性对于熔盐氯化法制备四氯化钛效率至关重要。为了考察氯化用熔盐组分含量变化对熔盐体系物性的影响规律,以工业生产中的熔盐为对象,对正常原盐、泡沫盐和过滤熔盐的电导率和粘度物性进行了测试以及XRD物相分析、化学成分... 详细信息

氯化物熔盐物性对于熔盐氯化法制备四氯化钛效率至关重要。为了考察氯化用熔盐组分含量变化对熔盐体系物性的影响规律,以工业生产中的熔盐为对象,对正常原盐、泡沫盐和过滤熔盐的电导率和粘度物性进行了测试以及XRD物相分析、化学成分分析。根据实际生产中的组分配比以及化学分析结果,设置了三因素为FeCl_(2)、FeCl_(3)以及MgCl_(2):NaCl的正交试验,研究不同组分配比下熔盐体系的物性变化。结果表明:FeCl_(2)含量对熔盐体系电导率影响最为显著,每5%的FeCl_(2)增加量会使熔盐整体电导率提高0.33 S/cm;FeCl_(3)含量对熔盐体系粘度影响最大,其组分占比在10%~15%区间内的影响最为明显。最后,利用综合评分法评估出最佳的熔盐氯化组分方案为:CaCl_(2) 4%、FeCl_(2) 20%、FeCl_(3) 5%、MgCl_(2):NaCl=1:1。

关键词：四氯化钛熔盐氯化熔盐组分正常盐泡沫盐过滤熔盐电导率粘度

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钛渣熔盐氯化用熔盐体系物相及物性研究

钢铁钒钛 2024年第2期45卷 20-27页

作者：徐健淋何艺霖马占山庞忠亚田丰张学强邹星礼朱福兴攀钢集团研究院有限公司钒钛资源综合利用国家重点实验室四川攀枝花617000 上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海200444

熔盐氯化法是针对高钙镁钛渣物料而开发的一种四氯化钛制备技术,在长期的生产实践中,发现氯化炉组分控制不当时熔盐会发生严重泡沫化,甚至出现影响生产的喷盐等现象。对此,采用XRD、SEM&EDS、DSCTGA等方法对正常盐和泡沫盐的成分、物相... 详细信息

熔盐氯化法是针对高钙镁钛渣物料而开发的一种四氯化钛制备技术,在长期的生产实践中,发现氯化炉组分控制不当时熔盐会发生严重泡沫化,甚至出现影响生产的喷盐等现象。对此,采用XRD、SEM&EDS、DSCTGA等方法对正常盐和泡沫盐的成分、物相及物性进行深入研究。结果表明,泡沫盐中的氧含量以及水不溶固相物远高于正常盐,固相多以Na_(2)Al_(0.5)Fe_(9.5)O_(15)、Mg_(1.6)Ti_(1.1)O_(4)等复合氧化物形式存在。泡沫盐在300~1280℃的失重率为48.71%,较正常盐低13.73%,熔点呈增大趋势。泡沫盐中氧含量较正常盐高约10%,经高温挥发后残余物为富含铁、镁、铝、硅、钙、氧等元素的不规则颗粒团聚体,而正常盐的残余物则为铁、镁和氧元素均匀分布的致密体。阿基米德法无法满足含固相物的正常盐和泡沫盐密度测定,但可采用体积密度法进行测定,两者密度分别为2.02 g/cm^(3)和1.77 g/cm^(3)。

关键词：钛渣熔盐氯化物相正常盐泡沫盐

Quantum Differential Collision Distinguishing Attacks on Feistel Schemes

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2021年第6期30卷 1030-1037页

作者： ZHANG zhongya WU Wenling WANG Bolin Trusted Computing and Information Assurance Laboratory Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Luoyang Normal University

Feistel schemes are important components of symmetric ciphers, which have been extensively studied in the classical setting. We examine the extension methods of differential distinguishers of Feistel key-function and Feistel function-key schemes. The schemes are subjected to quantum differential collision distinguishing attacks based on the methods. The results show that the complexity is lower than that of differential attacks using only Grover algorithm, and the complexity of differential collision attack based on the Brassard-H?yer-Tapp and Grover algorithms is lower than that of quantization when using only the Grover algorithm. The results also show that different algorithms and methods can be combined to produce a more effective cryptanalysis approach. This provides a research direction for postquantum cryptographic analysis and design.

关键词： cryptography Feistel function-key schemes Grover algorithm Feistel key-function differential attacks extension methods quantum cryptography quantum differential collision distinguishing attacks differential collision attack differential distinguishers computational complexity Feistel schemes

Magnesium isotopes of chlorite-rich hydrothermal sediments in the Okinawa Trough and indications for Mg cycle

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第3期66卷 648-662页

作者： Hebin SHAO Shouye YANG Aiguo DONG zhongya HU Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the State Oceanic Administration Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Institute of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Seafloor hydrothermal systems play a significant role in the oceanic Mg cycle due to ubiquitous deposits of secondary Mg-rich clays during the strong fluid-rock ***,the magnitude of net Mg enrichment and Mg isotopic fractionation,particularly within the medium-high temperature hydrothermal systems in felsic-hosted settings,are not well studied *** we report elemental and isotopic compositions of Mg in hydrothermal chlorite-rich sediments,volcanic materials,and terrigenous sediments collected during the IODP Expedition 331 drilled to the thick sediment-covered and felsic-hosted middle Okinawa Trough(Iheya North Knoll) in the West *** investigate the sources of Mg in chlorite and Mg isotopic behavior at medium-high temperature hydrothermal *** 1 mol/L HCl leaching,Mg isotopic compositions of chlorite-rich sediments present overall similar values in the residual fractions and bulk samples albeit with slightly higher values in the *** differentiation primarily determines the Mg isotopic compositions,showing that siliciclastic residues have slightly higher δ^(26) Mg values than the leachates dominated by carbonates and oxides/*** Mg isotopic fractionation happened in the medium-high temperature(~150°C to 260°C) felsic-hosted hydrothermal system,with Δ^(26)MgChl-SW ranging from 0.15‰ to 0.71‰ and yielding a negative correlation with *** observation suggests the preferential incorporation of heavy Mg isotopes by the secondary chlorite *** infer that the medium-high temperature hydrothermal systems can take up about 8–14% of riverine input of Mg in the arc and back-arc *** removal of aqueous Mg in porewater and vent fluids by the medium-high temperature hydrothermal alterations in the arc and back-arc basins provides constraints on the Mg budget and isotopic composition of seawater.

关键词： Hydrothermal alteration Chlorite Okinawa Trough Magnesium(Mg)isotopes Integrated Ocean Drilling Program

Otolith microchemical evidence revealing multiple spawning site origination of the anadromous tapertail anchovy(Coilia nasus)in the Changjiang(Yangtze)River Estuary

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第1期42卷 120-130页

作者： zhongya Xuan Tao Jiang Hongbo Liu Xiubao Chen Jian Yang Wuxi Fisheries College Nanjing Agricultural UniversityWuxi214081China Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecological Environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Freshwater Fisheries Research CenterChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesWuxi214081China

The estuarine tapertail anchovy(Coilia nasus)is a high-value commercial *** the spawning site or hatchery origin and habitat is essential for its *** study aimed to determine the habitat use and life history characteristics of *** from the Changjiang River *** investigated the environmental signatures of strontium(Sr)and calcium(Ca)in the otoliths of the collected specimens using electron probe microanalysis;additionally,we examined their gonadal maturity *** results indicate that the 31 adult *** specimens used in this study could be classified into two types based on their otolith Sr:Ca concentration ratios and their gonadal maturity *** long freshwater early life history type(Type LF)had wider central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.24±0.62 to 1.92±0.78 and a bluish pattern of low Sr content *** fish are of riverine origin and had a relatively long early life history in freshwater and low gonadal maturation when *** short freshwater early life history type(Type SF)had a shorter central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.35±0.5 to 2.82±0.97 and a correspondingly bluish *** fish also had a relatively short-term early life history in freshwater and high gonadal maturation when *** results of the otolith microchemical analysis indicated that Type LF and Type SF originated in spawning/hatching sites far from and close to the estuary,*** mature gonads of Type SF fish indicated that they may breed in areas close to the estuary,whereas the immature gonads of Type LF fish indicated that they may breed in areas far from the *** study is the first to reveal that the Changjiang River Estuary contains stocks of anadromous *** originating in different spawning sites during the same *** estuarine habitat plays a critical role in the connectivity between freshwater recruitment and

关键词： Coilia nasus otolith migration connectivity spawning site