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Modelling the annual cycle of landfast ice near Zhongshan Station,East Antarctica

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第7期40卷 129-141页

作者： Jiechen Zhao Tao Yang Qi Shu Hui Shen zhongxiang tian Guanghua Hao Biao Zhao Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China 92682 Unit Zhanjiang 524001China First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China

A high resolution one-dimensional thermodynamic snow and ice(HIGHTSI)model was used to model the annual cycle of landfast ice mass and heat balance near Zhongshan Station,East *** model was forced and initialized by meteorological and sea ice in situ observations from April 2015 to April *** produced a reasonable snow and ice evolution in the validation experiments,with a negligible mean ice thickness bias of(0.003±0.06)m compared to in situ *** further examine the impact of different snow conditions on annual evolution of first-year ice(FYI),four sensitivity experiments with different precipitation schemes(0,half,normal,and double)were *** results showed that compared to the snow-free case,the insulation effect of snow cover decreased bottom freezing in the winter,leading to 15%–26%reduction of maximum ice *** snow cover caused negative freeboard and flooding,and then snow ice formation,which contributed 12%–49%to the maximum ice *** early summer,snow cover delayed the onset of ice melting for about one month,while the melting of snow cover led to the formation of superimposed ice,accounting for 5%–10%of the ice *** ice melting was a significant contributor in summer whether snow cover existed or not,accounting for 35%–56%of the total summer ice *** multi-year ice(MYI)simulations suggested that when snow-covered ice persisted from FYI to the 10th MYI,winter congelation ice percentage decreased from 80%to 44%(snow ice and superimposed ice increased),while the contribution of internal ice melting in the summer decreased from 45%to 5%(bottom ice melting dominated).

关键词： landfast ice annual cycle snow influence Zhongshan Station East Antarctica

Observed and modelled snow and ice thickness in the Arctic Ocean with CHINARE buoy data

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2017年第8期36卷 66-75页

作者： tian zhongxiang CHENG Bin ZHAO liechen VIHMA Timo ZHANG Wenliang LI Zhijun ZHANG Zhanhai Ocean University of China(OUC) Qingdao 266100China Finnish Meteorological Institute(FMI) Helsinki F100931Finland National Marine Environmental Forecasting Centre(NMEFC) Beijing 100081China National Ocean Technology Center(NOTC) Tianjin 300112China Dalian University of Technology(DUT) Dalian 116024China Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the State Oceanic Administration Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China

Sea ice and the snow pack on top of it were investigated using Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition （CHINARE） buoy data. Two polar hydrometeorological drifters, known as Zeno ice stations, were deployed during CHINARE 2003. A new type of high-resolution Snow and Ice Mass Balance Arrays, known as SIMBA buoys, were deployed during CHINARE 2014. Data from those buoys were applied to investigate the thickness of sea ice and snow in the CHINARE domain. A simple approach was applied to estimate the average snow thickness on the basis of Zeno temperature data. Snow and ice thicknesses were also derived from vertical temperature profile data based on the SIMBA buoys. A one-dimensional snow and ice thermodynamic model （HIGHTSI） was applied to calculate the snow and ice thickness along the buoy drift trajectories. The model forcing was based on forecasts and analyses of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts （ECMWF）. The Zeno buoys drifted in a confined area during 2003-2004. The snow thickness modelled applying HIGHTSI was consistent with results based on Zeno buoy data. The SIMBA buoys drifted from 81. 1°N, 157.4°W to 73.5°N, 134.9°W in 15 months during 2014-2015. The total ice thickness increased from an initial August 2014 value of 1.97 m to a maximum value of 2.45 in before the onset of snow melt in May 2015; the last observation was approximately 1 m in late November 2015. The ice thickness based on HIGHTSI agreed with SIMBA measurements, in particular when the seasonal variation of oceanic heat flux was taken into account, but the modelled snow thickness differed from the observed one. Sea ice thickness derived from SIMBA data was reasonably good in cold conditions, but challenges remain in both snow and ice thickness in summer.

关键词： temperature snow sea ice thickness ice mass balance buoy Arctic Ocean

Snow and ice thicknesses derived from Fast Ice Prediction System Version 2.0(FIPS V2.0)in Prydz Bay,East Antarctica:comparison with in-situ observations

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Big Earth Data 2022年第4期6卷 492-503页

作者： Jiechen Zhao Jingjing Cheng zhongxiang tian Xiaopeng Han Hui Shen Guanghua Hao Honglin Guo Qi Shu Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting Centre(NMEFC)Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijingChina Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)QingdaoChina Department of Professional Publications China Ocean PressBeijingChina Department of Physical Oceanography First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdaoChina

In this paper,snow and ice thickness products derived from an updated Fast Ice Prediction System Version 2.0(FIPS V2.0)in Prydz Bay,East Antarctica,are introduced and compared with in-situ *** V2.0 is comprised of a newly-developed snowdrift parameterization compared to the original FIPS *** simulation domain covers the entire fast ice region in Prydz Bay and is config-ured to 720 grid cells,with a spatial resolution of 0.125°.The ERAInterim reanalysis from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting(ECMWF)were used as the atmospheric *** in-situ observations were obtained near Zhongshan Station by the wintering team,and the measurement frequency of the snow and ice thicknesses was around one *** the FIPS V2.0 pro-ducts and in-situ observations introduced in this paper cover the time periods from 2012 to *** primary assessments based on the in-situ observations show that FIPS V2.0 has mean biases of 0.01±0.07 m and 0.23±0.09 m for snow and ice thickness simula-tions,*** results indicate that the updated FIPS V2.0 produces a reasonable snow thickness due to the newly-developed snowdrift parameterization,but it overestimates the ice thickness due to the cold bias in the air temperature *** 2-D snow and ice thickness distributions provide important references for sea ice thermodynamic studies,remote sensing validations,and ice-breaker navigation assessments in this *** dataset is avail-able at http://***/10.11922/sciencedb.j00076.00066.

关键词： Snow thickness ice thickness FIPS V2.0 Prydz Bay East Antarctica

The variability of surface radiation fluxes over landfast sea ice near Zhongshan station,east Antarctica during austral spring

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第8期12卷 860-877页

作者： Lejiang Yu Qinghua Yang Mingyu Zhou Donald H.Lenschow Xianqiao Wang Jiechen Zhao Qizhen Sun zhongxiang tian Hui Shen Lin Zhang State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environment Forecasting CenterBeijingPeople’s Republic of China National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderCOUSA

Surface radiative fluxes over landfast sea ice off Zhongshan station have been measured in austral spring for five springs between 2010 and *** and upward solar radiation vary diurnally with maximum amplitudes of 473 and 290 W m^(−2),*** maximum and minimum long-wave radiation values of the mean diurnal cycle are 218 and 210 W m^(−2)for downward radiation,277 and 259 W m^(−2)for upward radiation and 125 and−52 W m^(−2)for net *** albedo has a U-shaped mean diurnal cycle with a minimum of 0.64 at *** ice thickness is in the growth phase for most spring days,but can be disturbed by synoptic *** surface temperature largely determines the occurrence of ice *** downward and upward long-wave radiation show synoptic oscillations with a 5–8 day period and intraseasonal variability with a 12–45 day *** amplitudes of the diurnal,synoptic and intraseasonal variability show some differences during the five austral springs considered *** intraseasonal and synoptic variability of downward and upward long-wave radiation are associated with the variability of cloud cover and surface temperature induced by the atmospheric circulation.

关键词： Surface radiation flux Antarctic sea ice diurnal cycle synoptic and intraseasonal variability el niño southern oscillation(ENSO)

Spatial and temporal evolution of landfast ice near Zhongshan Station, East Antarctica, over an annual cycle in 2011/2012

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第5期38卷 51-61页

作者： Jiechen Zhao Qinghua Yang Bin Cheng Matti Lepp?ranta Fengming Hui Surui Xie Meng Chen Yining Yu zhongxiang tian Ming Li Lin Zhang College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Finnish Meteorological Institute Institute of Atmospheric and Earth Sciences University of Helsinki College of Global Change and Earth System Sciences (GCESS) Beijing Normal University School of Geosciences University of South Florida Meteorological Service of Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County College of Global Change and Earth System Sciences Beijing Normal University

Annual observations of first-year ice(FYI) and second-year ice(SYI) near Zhongshan Station, East Antarctica,were conducted for the first time from December 2011 to December 2012. Melt ponds appeared from early December 2011. Landfast ice partly broke in late January, 2012 after a strong cyclone. Open water was refrozen to form new ice cover in mid-February, and then FYI and SYI co-existed in March with a growth rate of 0.8 cm/d for FYI and a melting rate of 2.7 cm/d for SYI. This difference was due to the oceanic heat flux and the thickness of ice,with weaker heat flux through thicker ice. From May onward, FYI and SYI showed a similar growth by 0.5 cm/*** maximum thickness reached 160.5 cm and 167.0 cm, respectively, in late October. Drillings showed variations of FYI thickness to be generally less than 1.0 cm, but variations were up to 33.0 cm for SYI in March,suggesting that the SYI bottom was particularly uneven. Snow distribution was strongly affected by wind and surface roughness, leading to large thickness differences in the different sites. Snow and ice thickness in Nella Fjord had a similar "east thicker, west thinner" spatial distribution. Easterly prevailing wind and local topography led to this snow pattern. Superimposed ice induced by snow cover melting in summer thickened multi-year ice,causing it to be thicker than the snow-free SYI. The estimated monthly oceanic heat flux was ～30.0 W/m2 in March–May, reducing to ～10.0 W/m2 during July–October, and increasing to ～15.0 W/m2 in November. The seasonal change and mean value of 15.6 W/m2 was similar to the findings of previous research. The results can be used to further our understanding of landfast ice for climate change study and Chinese Antarctic Expedition services.

关键词： landfast ice thickness oceanic heat flux Prydz Bay East Antarctica

Overview of the 9th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2020年第1期13卷 1-7页

作者： WEI Zexun CHEN Hongxia LEI Ruibo YU Xiaoguo ZHANG Tao LIN Lina tian zhongxiang ZHUANG Yanpei LI Tao YUAN Zhuoli First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdaoChina Polar Research Institute of China ShanghaiChina Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesHangzhouChina National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center BeijingChina College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoChina

The 9th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition was carried out from 20 July to 26 September 2018. The expedition was successful in undertaking multidisciplinary comprehensive surveys in the fields of physical oceanography, marine meteorology, sea ice, marine chemistry,marine biology, marine ecology, geology, and geophysics in the Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea, Chukchi Plateau, Mendeleev Ridge, and Canada Basin. This paper gives an overview of the main achievements of this expedition and highlights the scientific achievements.

关键词： Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition Chukchi Sea Canada Basin Bering Sea Arctic Ocean

基于Sentinel-1双极化数据的北极海域假彩色图像合成方法

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海洋预报 2022年第5期39卷 60-69页

作者：于皓田忠翔李春花国家海洋环境预报中心自然资源部海洋灾害预报技术重点实验室北京100081

基于北极海域的Sentinel-1双极化数据,有效地结合去噪算法和图像处理技术,提出了一种高质量的RGB假彩色图像制作方法。该方法使用线性回归模型和一种更高效的热噪声去除算法分别对HH和HV极化数据进行入射角校正和热噪声去除;将HH、HV和... 详细信息

基于北极海域的Sentinel-1双极化数据,有效地结合去噪算法和图像处理技术,提出了一种高质量的RGB假彩色图像制作方法。该方法使用线性回归模型和一种更高效的热噪声去除算法分别对HH和HV极化数据进行入射角校正和热噪声去除;将HH、HV和混合HH、HV得到的数据分别作为蓝色、红色和绿色通道图层,并使用全局直方图均衡化和限制对比度直方图均衡化进行图像增强,获得最终的RGB假彩色图像。该方法合成的RGB假彩色图像减小了入射角和热噪声对图像质量的影响,增强了地物信息特征和图像的可读性,可为海冰信息提取奠定良好的基础。

关键词： Sentinel-1 双极化北极假彩色直方图均衡化

2018年中国第9次北极科学考察走航期间北极低层大气垂直结构特征分析

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极地研究 2021年第2期33卷 222-230页

作者：田忠翔赵福尹朝晖于文灏国家海洋环境预报中心北京100081 中国海洋大学山东青岛266100

利用中国第9次北极科学考察期间获取的大气探空资料,分析了走航期间北极低层大气垂直结构特征。分析发现:(1)对流层中部大气的平均温度递减率为5.67℃·km^(–1),与北极中心区的结果比较一致,高空急流特征比较显著,尤其是高纬地区;(2)... 详细信息

利用中国第9次北极科学考察期间获取的大气探空资料,分析了走航期间北极低层大气垂直结构特征。分析发现:(1)对流层中部大气的平均温度递减率为5.67℃·km^(–1),与北极中心区的结果比较一致,高空急流特征比较显著,尤其是高纬地区;(2)本航次观测到的边界层逆温层底高度、厚度和温度差的中位数分别为306 m、299 m和3.2℃,与SHEBA(Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean)的结果比较一致;(3)低空急流高度和风速的中位数分别为456 m和11.40 m·s^(–1),大多数时次的风速分布在6~14 m·s^(–1)之间;(4)本航次观测到只有67.27%的低空急流高度位于最低逆温层之下,而考虑多层逆温后,92.73%的低空急流位于逆温层之下。

关键词：北极低层大气边界层逆温低空急流

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北冰洋高纬度区域海冰及气象特征分析

海洋学报 2021年第7期43卷 90-99页

作者：郝光华沈辉田忠翔李明赵福国家海洋环境预报中心自然资源部海洋灾害预报技术重点实验室北京100081

基于2018年8月至2019年5月布放在北极随海冰漂流的自动气象站和温度链浮标获取的观测数据,分析了北极高纬度区域的大气特征和海冰生消过程。根据海冰的漂移轨迹分为两个阶段分析,第1阶段,海冰主要向东南漂移;第2阶段,海冰主要向东北漂... 详细信息

基于2018年8月至2019年5月布放在北极随海冰漂流的自动气象站和温度链浮标获取的观测数据,分析了北极高纬度区域的大气特征和海冰生消过程。根据海冰的漂移轨迹分为两个阶段分析,第1阶段,海冰主要向东南漂移;第2阶段,海冰主要向东北漂移。第1阶段观测的平均气温和平均相对湿度分别为–6.6℃和93%,第2阶段观测的平均气温和平均相对湿度分别为–29.3℃和76%,第2阶段平均气压高于第1阶段。海冰的漂移轨迹主要受到波弗特高压外围气流的影响。利用自动气象站漂移轨迹计算得到海冰漂移速度,与美国国家冰雪数据中心海冰漂移速度比较显示,两者纬向速度更为接近。海冰在第1阶段以融化为主,海冰厚度略有减小,8月份海冰生长率为–0.11 cm/d;海冰的生长过程主要发生在第2阶段,1–3月生长率均超过0.9 cm/d,2019年3月海冰生长最快,平均生长率为1.3 cm/d,海冰的增长一直持续至观测结束。

关键词：海冰生长冰速波弗特高压漂流气象站