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Harnessing overlapped temperature-salinity gradient in solar-driven interfacial seawater evaporation for efficient steam and electricity generation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 694-700,I0015页

作者： Peida Li Dongtong He Jingchang Sun Jieshan Qiu zhiyu w.ng State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina School of Physics and Electronic Technology Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 116029LiaoningChina College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation(SIwE)offers a superb way to leverage concentrated solar heat to minimize energy dissipation during seawater *** also engenders overlapped temperaturesalinity gradient(TSG)between water-air interface and adjacent seawater,affording opportunities of harnessing ***,the efficiency of conventional SIwE technologies is limited by significant challenges,including salt passivation to hinder evaporation and difficulties in exploiting overlapped TSG ***,we report self-sustaining hybrid SIwE for not only sustainable seawater desalination but also efficient electricity generation from *** enables spontaneous circulation of salt flux upon seawater evaporation,inducing a self-cleaning evaporative interface without salt passivation for stable steam ***,this design enables spatial separation and simultaneous utilization of overlapped TSG to enhance electricity *** benefits render a remarkable efficiency of90.8%in solar energy utilization,manifesting in co-generation of solar steam at a fast rate of 2.01 kg m^(-2)-h^(-1)and electricity power of 1.91 w m^(-2)with high *** interfacing the hybrid SIwE with seawater electrolyzer constructs a system for water-electricity-hydrogen co-generation without external electricity *** produces hydrogen at a rapid rate of 1.29 L h^(-1)m^(-2)and freshwater with 22 times lower Na+concentration than the world Health Organization(wHO)threshold.

关键词： Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation Steam generation Electricity generation Seawater

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Role of inflammatory lipid and fatty acid metabolic abnormalities induced by plastic additives exposure in childhood asthma

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 172-180页

作者： zhiyu Chen Fang Li Lei Fu Yu Xia Ying Luo Ang Guo Xiaona Zhu Huifang Zhong Qian Luo Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Rheumatology&Immunology Department of Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Shenzhen 518038China Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances Institute of Environment and HealthJianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China

Lipid metabolism play an essential role in occurrence and development of asthma,and it can be disturbed by phthalate esters(PAEs)and organophosphate fame retardants(OPFRs).As a chronic infammatory respiratory disease,the occurrence risk of childhood asthma is increased by PAEs and OPFRs exposure,but it remains not entirely clear how PAEs and OPFRs contribute the onset and progress of the *** have profiled the serum levels of PAEs and OPFRs congeners by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry,and its relationships with the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in asthmatic,bronchitic(acute infammation)and healthy(non-infammation)*** PAEs and nine OPFRs congeners were found in the serum of children(1–5 years old)from Shenzhen,and their total median levels were 615.16 ng/m L and 17.06 ng/m L,***,the serum levels of mono-methyl phthalate(MMP),tri-propyl phosphate(TPP)and tri-n-butyl phosphate(TNBP)were significant higher in asthmatic children than in healthy and bronchitic children as ***-one characteristic lipids and fatty acids of asthma were screened by machine-learning random forest model based on serum lipidome data,and the alterations of infammatory characteristic lipids and fatty acids including palmitic acids,12,13-Di HODE,14,21-Di HDHA,prostaglandin D2 and Lyso PA(18:2)showed significant correlated with high serum levels of MMP,TPP and *** results imply PAEs and OPFRs promote the occurrence of childhood asthma via disrupting infammatory lipid and fatty acid metabolism,and provide a novel sight for better understanding the effects of plastic additives on childhood asthma.

关键词： Phthalate esters Organophosphate fame retardants Childhood asthma Lipid and fatty acid metabolism Machine-learning random forest model Chronic airway infammation

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Energy consumption mechanism simulation and experimental study of reciprocating vibration for Chinese wolfberry picking

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 146-155页

作者： Song Mei Dunbing Tang Zhigang Shi zhiyu Song Cheng Shen College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210014China Institute of Chinese wolfberry Science Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuan 750002China

In order to find out the matching principle of excitation force and energy consumption of reciprocating vibrating Chinese wolfberry picking device,the energy consumption mechanism of reciprocating vibrating Chinese wolfberry picking device is *** to the structural characteristics and operating principle of the picking device,the no-load and load movement and force characteristics of the crank bearing and vibrating component are analyzed,and the theoretical model of energy consumption of the reciprocating vibration picking device is jointly constructed,and the simulation analysis is carried *** results show that the vibrating component and load mass have a significant influence on torque,the load air resistance phase has a significant effect on torque,and the load air resistance and friction coefficient have no significant influence on ***,by building an AC servo motor torque detection system and a torque sensing detection system,verification experiments are carried out,the maximum torque of the preset system is 1.3 N∙m,the rated power is 400 w,the motor frequency is 20 Hz,the amplitude is 15 mm,and the total mass of the vibrating component is 0.143 *** results show that,the no-load operation,the change trend of detected torque is consistent with simulation,the torque model is verified to be *** maximum torque of simulation and detection are 0.52 N∙m and 0.57 N∙m respectively,and the error between test and simulation is 9.6%.For load operation,the maximum torque of five groups of branch loads of 20 g,60 g,100 g,140 g,180 g and 220 g are detected to be 0.73 N∙m,0.74 N∙m,0.75 N∙m,0.82 N∙m and 0.83 N∙m,respectively,and the relationship model between load and torque is obtained by *** research results can provide a theoretical basis which can configure a suitable motor in the reciprocating vibration Chinese wolfberry picking device with a certain load limit.

关键词： Chinese wolfberry branches vibration component load torque power

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Compact ultrafast neutron sources via bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 22-31页

作者： zhiyu Lei Hanghang Ma Xiaobo Zhang Lin Yu Yihang Zhang Yutong Li Suming w.ng Min Chen Jie Zhang Zhengming Sheng Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Centre of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201210China College of Physics and Electronics Engineering Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

A scheme for a quasi-monoenergetic high-flux neutron source with femtosecond duration and highly anisotropic angular distribution is *** scheme is based on bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap or density grating formed by two counter-propagating laser pulses at an intensity of-10^(16)w~cm^(2)in a near-critical-density *** deuterons are first pre-accelerated to an energy of tens of keV in the ambipolar fields formed in the optical *** energy is boosted to the MeV level by another one or two laser pulses at an intensity of-10^(20)w~cm^(2),enabling fusion reactions to be triggered with high *** contrast to previously proposed pitcher–catcher configurations,our scheme can provide spatially periodic acceleration structures and effective collisions between deuterons inside the whole target ***,neutrons are generated directly inside the optical *** simulations show that neutron pulses with energy 2–8 MeV,yield 10^(18)–10^(19)n/s,and total number 106–107 in a duration-400 fs can be obtained with a 25μm ***,the neutron pulses exhibit unique angularly dependent energy spectra and flux distributions,predominantly along the axis of the energy-boosting *** microsize femtosecond neutron pulses may find many applications,such as high-resolution fast neutron imaging and nuclear physics research.

关键词： acceleration scheme angular

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Tuning the ferroelectricity of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 with alloy electrodes

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 321-330页

作者： Keqin LIU Bingjie DAng zhiyu YAng Teng ZHAng Zhen YAng Jinxuan BAI Zelun PAN Ru HUAng Yuchao YAng Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits School of Integrated Circuits Peking University School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Center for Brain Inspired Chips Institute for Artificial Intelligence Peking University Center for Brain Inspired Intelligence Chinese Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing

Tuning ferroelectricity of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2is crucial for facilitating its practical applications in various fields, including in-memory and neuromorphic computing. Previous studies have revealed that the electrodes have a significant influence on ferroelectricity, and changing electrode materials can realize different but discrete ferroelectric polarization values. Here, we introduce an alloy-electrode method, in order to achieve gradual and accurate modulation of ferroelectric polarization, especially useful for matching the polarization charges at the interface of ferroelectric insulators and ferroelectric semiconductors. Au and w electrodes are chosen as baselines for realizing weak and strong ferroelectric polarization, where the intermediate states can be achieved by adjusting the ratio of metals in the Au-w alloy. To demonstrate the generality of this approach, the Cu-w alloy electrode is also realized for tuning ferroelectric polarization. The effect of alloy electrodes on device leakage current, endurance, and retention is evaluated. In addition, the temperature stability of ferroelectric capacitors is tested, where limited changes in both remnant polarization and coercive voltages are observed, show.ng the great potential of the ferroelectric hafnium oxide. Such gradual modulation of ferroelectric polarization could facilitate the application of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2in in-memory and neuromorphic computing.

关键词： ferroelectric hafnium oxide alloy electrode gradual modulation temperature stability

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Tuning the ferroelectricity of HfZrOwith alloy electrodes

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年

Tuning ferroelectricity of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 is crucial for facilitating its practical applications in various fields, including in-memory and neuromorphic computing. Previous studies have revealed that the electrodes have a significant influence on ferroelectricity, and changing electrode materials can realize different but discrete ferroelectric polarization values. Here, we introduce an alloy-electrode method, in order to achieve gradual and accurate modulation of ferroelectric polarization, especially useful for matching the polarization charges at the interface of ferroelectric insulators and ferroelectric semiconductors. Au and w electrodes are chosen as baselines for realizing weak and strong ferroelectric polarization, where the intermediate states can be achieved by adjusting the ratio of metals in the Au-w alloy. To demonstrate the generality of this approach, the Cu-w alloy electrode is also realized for tuning ferroelectric polarization. The effect of alloy electrodes on device leakage current, endurance, and retention is evaluated. In addition, the temperature stability of ferroelectric capacitors is tested, where limited changes in both remnant polarization and coercive voltages are observed, show.ng the great potential of the ferroelectric hafnium oxide. Such gradual modulation of ferroelectric polarization could facilitate the application of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 in in-memory and neuromorphic computing.

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Backward scattering of laser plasma interactions from hundreds-of-joules broadband laser on thick target

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 5-14页

作者： Peipei w.ng Honghai An Zhiheng Fang Jun Xiong Zhiyong Xie Chen w.ng zhiyu He Guo Jia Ruirong w.ng Shu Zheng Lan Xia wei Feng Haitao Shi wei w.ng Jinren Sun Yanqi Gao Sizu Fu Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma CAEPShanghai 201899People’s Republic of China

The use of broadband laser technology is a novel approach for inhibiting processes related to laser plasma interactions(LPIs).In this study,several preliminary experiments into broadband-laser-driven LPIs are carried out using a newly established hundreds-of-joules broadband second-harmonic-generation laser *** direct comparison with LPI results for a traditional narrowband laser,the actual LPI-suppression effect of the broadband laser is *** broadband laser had a clear suppressive effect on both back-stimulated Raman scattering and back-stimulated Brillouin scattering at laser intensities below 1×10^(15) w cm^(−2).An abnormal hot-electron phenomenon is also investigated,using targets of different thicknesses.

关键词： scattering laser hundreds

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Transcription factor OswRKY11 induces rice heading at low concentrations but inhibits rice heading at high concentrations

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1385-1407页

作者： Lirong Zhao Yunwei Liu Yi Zhu Shidie Chen Yang Du Luyao Deng Lei Liu Xia Li wanqin Chen zhiyu Xu Yangyang Xiong You Ming Siyu Fang Ligang Chen Houping w.ng Diqiu Yu CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenThe Chinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio‐resources in Yunnan Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China School of Life Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Southwest United Graduate School Yunnan UniversityKunming 650092China

The heading date of rice is a crucial agronomic characteristic that influences its adaptability to different regions and its productivity *** the involvement of wRKY transcription factors in various biological processes related to development,the precise mechanisms through which these transcription factors regulate the heading date in rice have not been well *** present study identified OswRKY11 as a wRKY transcription factor which exhibits a pivotal function in the regulation of the heading date in rice through a comprehensive screening of a clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 mutant library that specifically targets the wRKY genes in *** heading date of oswrky11 mutant plants and OswRKY11-overexpressing plants was delayed compared with that of the wild-type plants under short-day and long-day *** investigation revealed that OswRKY11 exerts dual effects on transcriptional promotion and suppression through direct and indirect DNA binding,*** normal conditions,OswRKY11 facilitates flowering by directly inducing the expression of OsMADS14 and *** presence of elevated levels of OswRKY11 protein promote formation of a ternary protein complex involving OswRKY11,Heading date 1(Hd1),and Days to heading date 8(DTH8),and this complex then suppresses the expression of Ehd1,which leads to a delay in the heading *** investigation revealed that a mild drought condition resulted in a modest increase in OswRKY11 expression,promoting ***,under severe drought conditions,a significant upregulation of OswRKY11 led to the suppression of Ehd1 expression,ultimately causing a delay in heading *** findings uncover a previously unacknowledged mechanism through which the transcription factor OswRKY11 exerts a dual impact on the heading date by directly and indirectly binding to the promoters of target genes.

关键词： heading date OswRKY11 rice transcription factors

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Scattering and reflection of SH waves around a slope on an elastic wedged space

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2019年第2期18卷 255-266页

作者： Liu Qijian wu zhiyu Vincent w Lee College of Civil Engineering Hunan University Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Southern California

The scattering and reflection of SH waves by a slope on an elastic wedged space is investigated. A series solution is obtained by using the wave function expansion method. The slope on a wedged space is divided into two subregions by an artificial, auxiliary circular arc. The wave fields with unknown complex coefficients within each sub-region are derived. Applying Graf addition theorem, the scattered waves in the sub-regions are expressed in a global coordinate system. Fourier transform is adopted to derive a consistent form of standing waves in the inner region using the orthogonality of the cosine functions. The boundary-valued problem is solved by stress and displacement continuity along the artificial, auxiliary arc to obtain the unknown complex coefficients. Parametric studies are next performed to investigate how the topography from the slope on the wedged space will affect the scattering and diffraction, and hence the amplification and de-amplification of the SH waves. Numerical results show that the surface motions on the slope of the wedged space is influenced greatly by the topography. Amplification of the surface motions near the slope vertex is significant. The corresponding phases along the wedged space surfaces are consistent with the direction that the SH waves are propagating.

关键词： earthquake ground motion wave scattering and diffraction Graf addition theorem Fourier transform

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Turbulence and mixing in a freshwater-influenced tidal bay: Observations and numerical modeling

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第7期58卷 2049-2058页

作者： LIAN Qiang LIU zhiyu Department of Physical Oceanography College of Ocean & Earth Sciences Xiamen University State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University

In situ observations and numerical simulations of turbulence are essential to understanding vertical mixing processes and their dynamical controls on both physical and biogeochemical processes in coastal embayments. Using in situ data collected by bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) and a free-falling microstructure profiler, as well as numerical simulations with a second-moment turbulence closure model, we studied turbulence and mixing in the Xiamen Bay, a freshwater-influenced tidal bay located at the west coast of the Taiwan Strait. Dynamically, the bay is driven predominantly by the M2 tide, and it is under a significant influence of the freshwater discharged from the Jiulong River. It is found that turbulence quantities such as the production and dissipation rates of the turbulent kinetic energy(TKE) were all subject to significant tidal variations, with a pronounced ebb-flood asymmetry. Turbulence was stronger during flood than ebb. During the flooding period, the whole water column was nearly well mixed with the depth-averaged TKE production rate and vertical eddy viscosity being up to 5?10?6 w kg?1 and 2?10?2 m2 s?1, respectively. In contrast, during the ebb strong turbulence was confined only to a 5?8 m thick bottom boundary layer, where turbulence intensity generally decreases with distance from the seafloor. Diagnosis of the potential energy anomaly showed that the ebb-flood asymmetry in turbulent dissipation and mixing was due mainly to tidal straining process as a result of the interaction between vertically shared tidal currents and horizontal density gradients. The role of vertical mixing in generating the asymmetry was secondary. A direct comparison of the modeled and observed turbulence quantities confirmed the applicability of the second-moment turbulence closure scheme in modeling turbulent processes in this weakly stratified tidally energetic environment, but also pointed out the necessity of further refinements of the model.

关键词： tidal bay turbulent mixing second-moment turbulence closure model turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate vertical eddy viscosity

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