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Veratrilla baillonii Franch alleviate the symptoms of diabetes in type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1378-1389页

作者： Chunlan Yan zhihao zhang Liqun Ma Xinyi Xu Muhammad Azhar Xianju Huang Jianxun Shi Jun Li College of Life Sciences South-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074China College of Pharmaceutical Science South-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074China Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadSahiwal 57000Pakistan Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University Ningbo 315100China Ethnopharmacology Level 3 Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouth-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074China

Our previous research studies have shown that Veratrilla baillonii Franch,a food supplement used by ethnic minorities in Southwest China,has multiple pharmacological activities,such as detoxification,antiinflammatory,antioxidant,and anti-insulin resistance.However,the detailed signal pathways for its salutary effect on damages in multiple organs due to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)remains unclear.The current study is to evaluate the therapeutic effects of V.baillonii on T2DM rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms.The T2DM rat model was successfully established by a high-sugar and high-fat diet(HFD)combination with intraperitoneal injection of a small dose of streptozotocin(STZ,35 mg/kg).Biochemical analysis and histopatholgical examinations were conducted to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of water extracts of V.baillonii(WVBF).The results showed that the WVBF treatment can improve hyperglycemia and insulin resistance,ameliorate the liver,kidney and pancreas injuries via decreasing inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α,and oxidative damages.Further investigation suggested that WVBF modulates the signal transductions of the IRS1/PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 and AMPK pathways.These findings demonstrate potentials of WVBF in the treatment of T2DM and possible mechanisms for its hepatoprotective activities.

关键词： Veratrilla baillonii Franch Type 2 diabetes mellitus Liver injury Skeletal muscle GLUT4

Photobiomodulation inhibits the expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after spinal cord injury via the Sox9 pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 180-189页

作者： zhihao zhang Zhiwen Song Liang Luo Zhijie Zhu Xiaoshuang Zuo Cheng Ju Xuankang Wang Yangguang Ma Tingyu Wu Zhou Yao Jie Zhou Beiyu Chen Tan Ding Zhe Wang Xueyu Hu Department of Orthopedics Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina

Both glial cells and glia scar greatly affect the development of spinal cord injury and have become hot spots in research on spinal cord injury treatment.The cellular deposition of dense extracellular matrix proteins such as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans inside and around the glial scar is known to affect axonal growth and be a major obstacle to autogenous repair.These proteins are thus candidate targets for spinal cord injury therapy.Our previous studies demonstrated that 810 nm photo biomodulation inhibited the formation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after spinal cord injury and greatly improved motor function in model animals.However,the specific mechanism and potential targets involved remain to be clarified.In this study,to investigate the therapeutic effect of photo biomodulation,we established a mouse model of spinal cord injury by T9 clamping and irradiated the injury site at a power density of 50 mW/cm~2 for 50 minutes once a day for 7 consecutive days.We found that photobiomodulation greatly restored motor function in mice and down regulated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan expression in the injured spinal cord.Bioinformatics analysis revealed that photobiomodulation inhibited the expression of proteoglycan-related genes induced by spinal cord injury,and versican,a type of proteoglycan,was one of the most markedly changed molecules.Immunofluorescence staining showed that after spinal cord injury,versican was present in astrocytes in spinal cord tissue.The expression of versican in primary astrocytes cultured in vitro increased after inflammation induction,whereas photobiomodulation inhibited the expression of ve rsican.Furthermore,we found that the increased levels of p-Smad3,p-P38 and p-Erk in inflammatory astrocytes were reduced after photobiomodulation treatment and after delivery of inhibitors including FR 180204,(E)-SIS3,and SB 202190.This suggests that Sma d 3/Sox9 and MAP K/Sox9 pathways may be involved in the effects of photobiomodulation.In summary,our findings show that photobiomodu

关键词： chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans Erk MAPK P38 photobiomodulation principal component analysis Smad3 Sox9 spinal cord injury versican

260 fs,403 W coherently combined fiber laser with precise high‑order dispersion management

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第1期17卷 21-27页

作者： Shuangxi Peng zhihao Wang Feilong Hu Zhengyan Li Qingbin zhang Peixiang Lu Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Optics Valley Laboratory Wuhan 430074China

An ultrafast fiber laser system comprising two coherently combined amplifier channels is reported.Within this system,each channel incorporates a rod-type fiber power amplifier,with individual operations reaching approximately 233 W.The active-locking of these coherently combined channels,followed by compression using gratings,yields an output with a pulse energy of 504μJ and an average power of 403 W.Exceptional stability is maintained,with a 0.3%root mean square(RMS)deviation and a beam quality factor M^(2)<1.2.Notably,precise dispersion management of the front-end seed light effectively compensates for the accumulated high-order dispersion in subsequent amplification stages.This strategic approach results in a significant reduction in the final output pulse duration for the coherently combined laser beam,reducing it from 488 to 260 fs after the gratings compressor,while concurrently enhancing the energy of the primary peak from 65%to 92%.

关键词： Fiber lasers amplifier Power scaling Coherent beam combination Dispersion compensation

Photonic neuromorphic architecture for tens-of-task lifelong learning

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 519-530页

作者： Yuan Cheng Jianing zhang Tiankuang Zhou Yuyan Wang zhihao Xu Xiaoyun Yuan Lu Fang Sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Beijing 100084China Institute for Brain and Cognitive Science Tsinghua University(THUIBCS)Beijing 100084China

Scalable,high-capacity,and low-power computing architecture is the primary assurance for increasingly manifold and large-scale machine learning tasks.Traditional electronic artificial agents by conventional power-hungry processors have faced the issues of energy and scaling walls,hindering them from the sustainable performance improvement and iterative multi-task learning.Referring to another modality of light,photonic computing has been progressively applied in high-efficient neuromorphic systems.Here,we innovate a reconfigurable lifelong-learning optical neural network(L2 ONN),for highly-integrated tens-of-task machine intelligence with elaborated algorithm-hardware codesign.Benefiting from the inherent sparsity and parallelism in massive photonic connections,L2 ONN learns each single task by adaptively activating sparse photonic neuron connections in the coherent light field,while incrementally acquiring expertise on various tasks by gradually enlarging the activation.The multi-task optical features are parallelly processed by multi-spectrum representations allocated with different wavelengths.Extensive evaluations on freespace and on-chip architectures confirm that for the first time,L2 ONN avoided the catastrophic forgetting issue of photonic computing,owning versatile skills on challenging tens-of-tasks(vision classification,voice recognition,medical diagnosis,etc.)with a single model.Particularly,L2 ONN achieves more than an order of magnitude higher efficiency than the representative electronic artificial neural networks,and 14×larger capacity than existing optical neural networks while maintaining competitive performance on each individual task.The proposed photonic neuromorphic architecture points out a new form of lifelong learning scheme,permitting terminal/edge AI systems with light-speed efficiency and unprecedented scalability.

关键词： life neural versatile

Examination of two-phase behaviors in porous media during pool boiling

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1695-1713页

作者： zhang zhihao GUAN ShuYa WU Rui ZHAO ChangYing School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

The enhancement of pool boiling heat transfer using porous media has been extensively studied. Although the two-phase distribution and evolution in porous media are crucial to the heat transfer performance, including the critical heat flux(CHF) and heat transfer coefficient(HTC), direct observation of the two-phase flow inside the media is limited owing to the blockage of the direct view from the porous structures. In this study, pool boiling visualization experiments were conducted on porous samples with different throat widths in deionized water. The results showed that the HTC increased with the throat width. Additionally,the growth-contraction cycle of the vapor region and the formation and drying of the wall liquid film inside the porous media were investigated. The vapor region, including the maximum and minimum areas in the boiling cycle, was quantitatively described. Furthermore, the relationship between the minimum gas-phase area and HTC peak was identified. A one-dimensional transient model was developed considering solid skeleton heat conduction, liquid film evaporation, and vapor region growth to quantitatively study the influence of heat flux on the internal two-phase flow. The model successfully captured the maximum gas-phase area, duration of boiling cycles, and HTC trends at specific heat fluxes. The results of this quantitative study provide insights into the internal two-phase distribution and evolution induced by pool boiling.

关键词： porous media two-phase behaviors pool boiling

Hollow ZIF-67-derived Co@N-doped carbon nanotubes boosting the hydrogenation of phenolic compounds to alcohols

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 157-166页

作者： zhihao Guo Jiuxuan zhang Lanlan Chen Chaoqun Fan Hong Jiang Rizhi Chen State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

The selective hydrogenation of highly toxic phenolic compounds to generate alcohols with thermal stability,environmental friendliness,and non-toxicity is of great importance.Herein,a series of Co-based catalysts,named Co@NCNTs,were designed and constructed by direct pyrolysis of hollow ZIF-67(HZIF-67)under H_(2)/Ar atmosphere.The evolution of the catalyst surface from the shell layer assembled by ZIF-67-derived particles to the in situ-grown hollow nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes(NCNTs)with certain length and density is achieved by adjusting the pyrolysis atmosphere and temperature.Due to the synergistic effects of in situ-formed hollow NCNTs,well-dispersed Co nanoparticles,and intact carbon matrix,the as-prepared Co@NCNTs-0.10-450 catalyst exhibits superior catalytic performance in the hydrogenation of phenolic compounds to alcohols.The turnover frequency value of Co@NCNTs-0.10-450is 3.52 h^(-1),5.9 times higher than that of Co@NCNTs-0.40-450 and 4.5 times higher than that of Co@NCNTs-0.10-550,exceeding most previously reported non-noble metal catalysts.Our findings provide new insights into the development of non-precious metal,efficient,and cost-effective metal-organic framework-derived catalysts for the hydrogenation of phenolic compounds to alcohols.

关键词： Phenolic compounds Hollow ZIF-67 pyrolysis Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes Reduction Multiphase reaction Catalysis

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Updates on CRISPR-based gene editing in HIV-1/AIDS therapy

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第1期37卷 1-10页

作者： zhihao zhang Wei Hou Shuliang Chen Institute of Medical Virology School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430071China

Although tremendous efforts have been made to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection,HIV-1/AIDS remains a major threat to global human health.The combination antiretroviral therapy(cART),although able to suppress HIV-1 replication,cannot eliminate the proviral DNA integrated into the human genome and thus requires lifelong treatment that may lead to various side effects.In recent years,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)-associated nuclease 9(Cas9)related gene-editing systems have been developed and designed as effective ways to treat HIV-1 infection.However,new gene-targeting tools derived from or functioning like CRISPR/Cas9,including base editor,prime editing,SHERLOCK,DETECTR,PAC-MAN,ABACAS,pfAGO,have been developed and optimized for pathogens detection and diseases correction.Here,we summarize recent studies on HIV-1/AIDS gene therapy and provide more gene-editing targets based on studies relating to the molecular mechanism of HIV-1 infection.We also identify the strategies and potential applications of these new gene-editing technologies for HIV-1/AIDS treatment in the future.Moreover,we discuss the caveats and problems that should be addressed before the clinical use of these versatile CRISPR-based gene targeting tools.Finally,we offer alternative solutions to improve the practice of gene targeting in HIV-1/AIDS gene therapy.

关键词： HIV-1/AIDS CRISPR/Cas9 Gene editing Gene therapy

Bimagnetic metal constructed core-shell structure of Fe@Co nanowires for multi-band microwave absorption

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 354-361页

作者： Ping-an Yang Rui Cai Haibo Ruan Nanqing zhang Xin Huang Rui Li Yuxin zhang Yi Lu zhihao Zhou School of Automation Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing Key Laboratory of Materials Surface & Interface Science Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences College of Engineering and Technology Zunyi Normal College College of Material Science and Engineering Chongqing University

Controlled fabrication of materials by surface modification techniques has been a hot research topic. In this paper,one-dimensional(1D) core-shell structure Fe@Co nanowires(NWs) were successfully prepared by anchoring 0-dimensional(0D) Co nanoparticles on 1D Fe NWs based on the in situ reduction method. The electromagnetic parameters of the specimens at a filler mass fraction of 25 wt% were tested and the microwave loss mechanism was deeply analyzed. Binary magnetic metals in a core-shell structure have excellent multi-band microwave absorption capability(S-band, X-band and Ku-band). This is due to the heterogeneous interface and magnetic coupling effects tuning the dielectric and magnetic loss. This study offers a workable plan for creating effective multi-band magnetic metal-based microwave absorbers.

关键词： Core-shell structure Interface Magnetic coupling Microwave absorption One-dimensional nanowires

Nano-alumina@cellulose-coated separators with the reinforcedconcrete-like structure for high-safety lithium-ion batteries

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 83-93页

作者： zhihao Yang Li Chen Jian Xue Miaomiao Su Fangdan zhang Liangxin Ding Suqing Wang Haihui Wang Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Separators play a critical role in the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries.However,commercial polyolefin separators are limited by their poor affinity with electrolytes and low melting points.In this work,we constructed a reinforced-concrete-like structure by homogeneously dispersing nano-Al_(2)O_(3)and cellulose on the separators to improve their stability and performance.In this reinforcedconcrete-like structure,the cellulose is a reinforcing mesh,and the nano-Al_(2)O_(3)acts as concrete to support the separator.After constructing the reinforced-concrete-like structure,the separators exhibit good stability even at 200C(thermal shrinkage of 0.3%),enhanced tensile strain(tensile stress of 133.4 MPa and tensile strains of 62%),and better electrolyte wettability(a contact angle of 6.5°).Combining these advantages,the cells with nano-Al_(2)O_(3)@cellulose-coated separators exhibit stable cycling performance and good rate performance.Therefore,the construction of the reinforced-concretelike structure is a promising technology to promote the application of lithium-ion batteries in extreme environments.

关键词： Alumina Nanomaterials Lithium-ion batteries Membranes Cellulose Reinforced-concrete-like structure