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Experimental Investigation on Cavitating Flow Shedding over an Axisymmetric Blunt Body

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2015年第2期28卷 387-393页

作者： hu Changli WANG Guoyu huANG biao School of Mechanical and Vehicle Beijing Institute of Technology

Nowadays,most researchers focus on the cavity shedding mechanisms of unsteady cavitating flows over different objects,such as 2D/3D hydrofoils,venturi-type section,axisymmetric bodies with different headforms,and so *** few of them pay attention to the differences of cavity shedding modality under different cavitation numbers in unsteady cavitating flows over the same *** the present study,two kinds of shedding patterns are investigated experimentally.A high speed camera system is used to observe the cavitating flows over an axisymmetric blunt body and the velocity fields are measured by a particle image velocimetry（PIV）technique in a water tunnel for different cavitation *** U-type cavitating vortex shedding is observed in unsteady cavitating *** the cavitation number is 0.7,there is a large scale cavity rolling up and shedding,which cause the instability and dramatic fluctuation of the flows,while at cavitation number of 0.6,the detached cavities can be conjunct with the attached part to induce the break-off behavior again at the tail of the attached cavity,as a result,the final shedding is in the form of small scale cavity and keeps a relatively steady flow *** is also found that the interaction between the re-entrant flow and the attached cavity plays an important role in the unsteady cavity shedding *** the attached cavity scale is insufficient to overcome the re-entrant flow,it deserves the large cavity rolling up and shedding just as that at cavitation number of ***,the re-entrant flow is defeated by large enough cavity to induce the cavity-combined process and small scale cavity vortexes shedding just as that of the cavitation number *** research shows the details of two different cavity shedding modalities which is worthful and meaningful for the further study of unsteady cavitation.

关键词： cavity shedding unsteady cavitating flows high-speed video camera PIV re-entrant flow

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Potential role of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1599-1612页

作者： Guibo Qi Han Tang Jianian hu Siying Kang Song Qin Department of Anatomy Histologyand EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Tanycytes, specialized ependymal cells located in the hypothalamus, play a crucial role in the generation of new neurons that contribute to the neural circuits responsible for regulating the systemic energy balance. The precise coordination of the gene networks controlling neurogenesis in naive and mature tanycytes is essential for maintaining homeostasis in adulthood. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that govern the proliferation and differentiation of tanycytes into neurons remains limited. This article aims to review the recent advancements in research into the mechanisms and functions of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis. Studies employing lineage-tracing techniques have revealed that the neurogenesis specifically originating from tanycytes in the hypothalamus has a compensatory role in neuronal loss and helps maintain energy homeostasis during metabolic diseases. Intriguingly,metabolic disorders are considered early biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore,the neurogenic potential of tanycytes and the state of newborn neurons derived from tanycytes heavily depend on the maintenance of mild microenvironments, which may be disrupted in Alzheimer's disease due to the impaired blood–brain barrier ***, the specific alterations and regulatory mechanisms governing tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that tanycyte-derived neurogenesis might be impaired in Alzheimer's disease, exacerbating neurodegeneration. Confirming this hypothesis, however, poses a challenge because of the lack of long-term tracing and nucleus-specific analyses of newborn neurons in the hypothalamus of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying tanycyte-derived neurogenesis holds promise for identifying small molecules capable of restoring tanycyte proliferation in neurodegenerative diseases. This line of investigation could pro

关键词： Alzheimer's disease blood–brain barrier ependymoglial cells hypothalamus metabolic diseases neural stem cells neurogenesis neuroinflammatory diseases neurons tanycyte

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Mechanism by which Rab5 promotes regeneration and functional recovery of zebrafish Mauthner axons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1816-1824页

作者： Jiantao Cui Yueru Shen Zheng Song Dinggang Fan Bing hu Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Rab5 is a GTPase protein that is involved in intracellular membrane trafficking. It functions by binding to various effector proteins and regulating cellular responses, including the formation of transport vesicles and their fusion with the cellular membrane. Rab5 has been reported to play an important role in the development of the zebrafish embryo;however, its role in axonal regeneration in the central nervous system remains unclear. In this study, we established a zebrafish Mauthner cell model of axonal injury using single-cell electroporation and two-photon axotomy techniques. We found that overexpression of Rab5 in single Mauthner cells promoted marked axonal regeneration and increased the number of intra-axonal transport vesicles. In contrast, treatment of zebrafish larvae with the Rab kinase inhibitor CID-1067700markedly inhibited axonal regeneration in Mauthner cells. We also found that Rab5 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) during axonal repair of Mauthner cells and promoted the recovery of zebrafish locomotor function. Additionally, rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin downstream of PI3K, markedly hindered axonal regeneration. These findings suggest that Rab5 promotes the axonal regeneration of injured zebrafish Mauthner cells by activating the PI3K signaling pathway.

关键词： axonal regeneration Mauthner cell nerve regeneration Rab5 zebrafish

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SensFL:Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning with Sensitive Regularization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 385-404页

作者： Chongzhen Zhang zhichen Liu Xiangrui Xu Fuqiang hu Jiao Dai Baigen Cai Wei Wang School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Shuohuang Railway Development Co. Ltd.National Energy GroupCangzhou062350China Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In the realm of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems,effective multi-party collaboration is crucial due to concerns over privacy and data *** Federated Learning(VFL)has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate such collaboration,allowing diverse entities to collectively enhance machine learning models without the need to share sensitive training ***,existing works have highlighted VFL’s susceptibility to privacy inference attacks,where an honest but curious server could potentially reconstruct a client’s raw data from embeddings uploaded by the *** vulnerability poses a significant threat to VFL-based intelligent railway transportation *** this paper,we introduce SensFL,a novel privacy-enhancing method to against privacy inference attacks in ***,SensFL integrates regularization of the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data into the model training process,effectively limiting the information contained in shared *** reducing the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data,SensFL can effectively resist reverse privacy attacks and prevent the reconstruction of the original data from the *** experiments were conducted on four distinct datasets and three different models to demonstrate the efficacy of *** results show that SensFL can effectively mitigate privacy inference attacks while maintaining the accuracy of the primary learning *** results underscore SensFL’s potential to advance privacy protection technologies within VFL-based intelligent railway systems,addressing critical security concerns in collaborative learning environments.

关键词： Vertical federated learning privacy defenses

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Wave Propagation in Graphene Platelet-Reinforced Piezoelectric Sandwich Composite Nanoplates with Nonlocal Strain Gradient Effects

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2021年第4期34卷 494-505页

作者： biao hu Juan Liu Bo Zhang huoming Shen Applied Mechanics and Structure Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of Mechanics and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China School of Mechanics and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China

This research develops an analytical approach to explore the wave propagation problem of piezoelectric sandwich *** core of the sandwich nanoplates is a nanocomposite layer reinforced with graphene platelets,which is integrated by two piezoelectric layers exposed to electric *** material properties of nanocomposite layer are obtained by the Halpin–Tsai model and the rule of *** Euler–Lagrange equations of nanoplates are derived from Hamilton’s *** using the nonlocal strain gradient theory,the nonlocal governing equations are ***,numerical studies are conducted to demonstrate the influences of propagation angle,small-scale and external loads on wave *** results reveal that the frequency changes periodically with the propagation angle and can be reduced by increasing voltage,temperature and the thickness of graphene platelets.

关键词： Wave propagation Nonlocal strain gradient theory Piezoelectric sandwich nanoplates Graphene platelets

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Unraveling brain aging through the lens of oral microbiota

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1930-1943页

作者： Qinchao hu Si Wang Weiqi Zhang Jing Qu Guang-hui Liu State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of StomatologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Advanced Innovation Center for human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Aging Translational Medicine Center International Center for Aging and CancerBeijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research CenterXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Aging Biomarker Consortium BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine BeijingChina

The oral cavity is a complex physiological community encompassing a wide range of *** of oral microbiota can lead to various oral infectious diseases,such as periodontitis and tooth decay,and even affect systemic health,including brain aging and neurodegenerative *** studies have highlighted how oral microbes might be involved in brain aging and neurodegeneration,indicating potential avenues for intervention *** this review,we summarize clinical evidence demonstrating a link between oral microbes/oral infectious diseases and brain aging/neurodegenerative diseases,and dissect potential mechanisms by which oral microbes contribute to brain aging and *** also highlight advances in therapeutic development grounded in the realm of oral microbes,with the goal of advancing brain health and promoting healthy aging.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease brain aging multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases oral microbiota Parkinson's disease periodontitis bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis

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A rate-based method for dynamic analysis and optimal design of reactive extraction: n-Hexyl acetate esterification as an example

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第1期28卷 76-83页

作者： Xutao hu Hao Qin biao hu Hongye Cheng Lifang Chen zhiwen Qi Max Planck Partner Group at the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology

The dynamic analysis and optimal design of reactive extraction are challenging due to high nonlinearity of model equations and tough decision of judging criteria. In this work, a dynamic rate-based method is developed on g PROMS platform to get easy access to the solutions of reactive extraction with phase splitting. Based on rigorous criteria, dynamic analysis from initial state to final equilibrium(e.g., evolution of phase composition, mass transfer rate and reaction rate) and optimal design of operating conditions(e.g., extractant dosage and feed molar ratio) are achieved. To illustrate the method, the esterification of n-hexyl acetate is taken as an example. The approach proves to be reliable in the analysis and optimization of the exemplified system, which provides instructive reference for further process design and simulation of reactive extraction.

关键词： Reactive extraction Dynamic rate-based method Optimal design Process simulation n-Hexyl acetate esterification

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Analysis of Key Disciplinary Parameters in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines with An AI-Based SADA Method

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China Ocean Engineering 2022年第4期36卷 649-657页

作者： CHEN Peng hu zhi-qiang School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUnited Kingdom

Floating offshore wind turbines(FOWTs)are a promising offshore renewable energy harvesting facility but requesting multiple-disciplinary analysis for their dynamic performance ***,engineering-fidelity level tools and the empirical parameters pose challenges due to the strong nonlinear coupling effects of FOWTs.A novel method,named SADA,was proposed by Chen and hu(2021)for optimizing the design and dynamic performance prediction of FOWTs in combination with AI *** the SADA method,the concept of Key Disciplinary Parameters(KDPs)is also proposed,and it is of crucial importance in the SADA *** purpose of this paper is to make an in-depth investigation of the characters of KDPs and the internal correlations between different KDPs in the dynamic performance prediction of ***,a brief description of SADA is given,and the basin experimental data are used to conduct the training process of ***,categories and boundary conditions of KDPs are *** types of KDPs are given,and different boundary conditions are used to analyze *** results show that the wind and current in Environmental KDPs are strongly correlated with the percentage difference of dynamic response rather than that by wave *** general,the optimization results of SADA consider the specific basin environment and the coupling results between different KDPs help the designers further understand the factors that have a more significant impact on the FOWTs system in a specific domain.

关键词： floating offshore wind turbine SADA KDPs machine learning basin experiment

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Thermal and maturation history for Carboniferous source rocks in the Junggar Basin, Northwest China: implications for hydrocarbon exploration

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Petroleum Science 2020年第1期17卷 36-50页

作者： Di hu Song Rao Zhu-Ting Wang Sheng-biao hu State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources Ministry of EducationYangtze UniversityWuhan 430100HubeiChina

The reconstruction of thermal history is an important component of basin evolution and hydrocarbon *** on vitrinite reflectance data,we integrate the paleo-temperature gradient and paleo-heat flow methods to reconstruct the thermal history of Junggar *** with present thermal state,the Junggar Basin experienced much a higher heat flow of ca.80–120 mW/m2 during the *** feature can be attributed to large-scale volcanic events and related thermal *** hydrocarbon maturation history of Carboniferous source rocks indicates that the temperature rapidly reached the threshold of hydrocarbon generation during the Late Carboniferous and has never achieved such a high level since *** characteristic resulted in the early maturation of hydrocarbons in Carboniferous source ***,the results reveal that hydrocarbon maturities are different among various tectonic units in Junggar *** kerogen either rapidly broke through the dry gas period so that cracking of gas occurred or remained in the oil maturation window forming oil reservoirs,which depended on the tectonic background and depositional *** this study,we present the thermal and hydrocarbon maturation history since the Carboniferous,which has important implications for further hydrocarbon exploration in Junggar Basin.

关键词： Thermal history Hydrocarbon maturation modeling Vitrinite reflectance Carboniferous Source rocks Junggar Basin

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Boosting Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance on NiFe‑Based Catalysts Through d‑Orbital Hybridization

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 281-292页

作者： Xing Wang Wei Pi Sheng hu Haifeng Bao Na Yao Wei Luo State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Applications of Hubei ProvinceSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200People’s Republic of China College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072People’s Republic of China

Anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers(AEMWEs)for green hydrogen production have received intensive attention due to their feasibility of using earth-abundant NiFe-based *** introducing a third metal into NiFe-based catalysts to construct asymmetrical M-NiFe units,the d-orbital and electronic structures can be adjusted,which is an important strategy to achieve sufficient oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance in ***,the ternary NiFeM(M:La,Mo)catalysts featured with distinct M-NiFe units and varying d-orbitals are reported in this *** and theoretical calculation results reveal that the doping of La leads to optimized hybridization between d orbital in NiFeM and 2p in oxygen,resulting in enhanced adsorption strength of oxygen intermediates,and reduced rate-determining step energy barrier,which is responsible for the enhanced OER *** critically,the obtained NiFeLa catalyst only requires 1.58 V to reach 1 A cm^(−2) in an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer and demonstrates excellent long-term stability of up to 600 h.

关键词： NiFe-based catalysts d-orbital coupling Oxygen evolution reaction Anion exchange membrane electrolyzer

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