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Blastomas of the digestive system in adults:A review

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1030-1042页

作者： Yu Liu Tony El Jabbour Jonathan Somma Yukihiro Nakanishi Saverio Ligato Hwajeong Lee zhi-yan fu Department of Pathology LSU Health Sciences Center School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Pathology Hartford HealthCareHartfordCT 06102United States Department of Pathology Moffitt Cancer CenterTampaFL 33612United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

Blastomas,characterized by a mixture of mesenchymal,epithelial,and undifferentiated blastematous components,are rare malignant neoplasms originating from precursor blast *** review focuses on digestive system blastomas in adult patients,including gastroblastoma,hepatoblastoma,and *** is a biphasic,epitheliomesenchymal tumor,with only sixteen cases reported to *** addition to the characteristic histology,metastasisassociated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 gene fusion is typical,although recently novel ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-c-terminal binding protein 1 and patched 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 2 fusions have been *** is exceptionally rare in adults and can show a variety of histologic patterns which may cause diagnostic ***,primarily a pediatric tumor,displays acinar differentiation and squamoid nests with other lines of differentiation also present,especially *** approaches for these blastomas include a combination of imaging modalities,histopathological examination,and molecular *** treatment generally involves surgical resection,which may be supplemented by chemotherapy or radiotherapy in some *** vary with gastroblastoma generally showing favorable outcomes post-surgery whereas hepatoblastoma and pancreatoblastoma often have poorer outcomes,particularly in the setting of *** review highlights the complexity of diagnosing and managing these rare adult blastomas as well as the need for ongoing research to better understand their pathogenesis and improve treatment strategies.

关键词： Adult blastomas Gastroblastoma Hepatoblastoma Pancreatoblastoma Digestive system

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Synthesis and application of novel degradable crosslinkers

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第3期22卷 374-377页

作者： Xin Ce Sui zhi Feng fu yan Shi State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

A novel divinyl ether was synthesized by a convenient method with high *** the divinyl ether was combined with 2- hydroxyethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid,respectively,generating difunctional polymeric crosslinkers with（hemi）acetal structure that was labile in *** chemical structures of the divinyl ether and crosslinkers were confirmed by ~1H NMR and elemental *** crosslinkers were employed in free-radical polymerization to prepare polymer gel and gel particles. Due to the（hemi）acetal structure in the crosslinking segment,the polymer gel and particles exhibited degradable ability in strong acid.

关键词： Divinyl ether Crosslinker Degradation

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Improving naive Bayes classifier by dividing its decision regions

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2011年第8期12卷 647-657页

作者： zhi-yong yan Gong-fu XU Yun-he PAN Institute of Artificial Intelligence Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Classification can be regarded as dividing the data space into decision regions separated by decision *** this paper we analyze decision tree algorithms and the NBTree algorithm from this ***,a decision tree can be regarded as a classifier tree,in which each classifier on a non-root node is trained in decision regions of the classifier on the parent ***,the NBTree algorithm,which generates a classifier tree with the C4.5 algorithm and the naive Bayes classifier as the root and leaf classifiers respectively,can also be regarded as training naive Bayes classifiers in decision regions of the C4.5 *** propose a second division (SD) algorithm and three soft second division (SD-soft) algorithms to train classifiers in decision regions of the naive Bayes *** four novel algorithms all generate two-level classifier trees with the naive Bayes classifier as root *** SD and three SD-soft algorithms can make good use of both the information contained in instances near decision boundaries,and those that may be ignored by the naive Bayes ***,we conduct experiments on 30 data sets from the UC Irvine (UCI) *** results show that the SD algorithm can obtain better generali-zation abilities than the NBTree and the averaged one-dependence estimators (AODE) algorithms when using the C4.5 algorithm and support vector machine (SVM) as leaf *** experiments indicate that our three SD-soft algorithms can achieve better generalization abilities than the SD algorithm when argument values are selected appropriately.

关键词： Naive Bayes classifier Decision region NBTree C4.5 algorithm Support vector machine (SVM)

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Differential diagnosis and management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2021年第6期11卷 79-92页

作者： Hua Li zhi-yan fu Mustafa Erdem Arslan Daniel Cho Hwajeong Lee Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States Schenectady Pathology Associates Ellis HospitalSchenectadyNY 12308United States

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are a new class of cancer pharmacotherapy consisting of antibodies that block inhibitory immune regulators such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4,programmed cell death 1 and programmed death-ligand *** blockade by ICIs reactivates a tumor-specific T cell ***-related adverse events can occur in various organs including skin,liver,and gastrointestinal *** to severe colitis is the most common side effect with some experiencing rapid progression to more serious complications including bowel perforation and even *** diagnosis and management of ICI-induced colitis is crucial for optimal ***,its clinical,endoscopic and histopathologic presentations are non-specific and overlap with those of colitis caused by other etiologies,such as infection,medication,graftversus-host disease and inflammatory bowel ***,a definitive diagnosis can only be rendered after these other possible etiologies are *** an extensive clinical,laboratory and radiologic workup is required,making it challenging to arrive at a prompt *** patients experience full resolution of symptoms with corticosteroids and/or *** ICI-induced colitis that is treatment-refractory,small scale studies offer alternative strategies,such as vedolizumab and fecal microbiota *** this review,we focus on the clinical features,differential diagnosis,and management of ICIinduced colitis with special attention to emerging treatment options for treatmentrefractory ICI-induced colitis.

关键词： Immune checkpoint inhibitor Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis Infliximab Vedolizumab Graft-versus-host disease Inflammatory bowel disease

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Relationship between seismic structures and the diverse rupture processes of the 2023 Türkiye earthquake doublet

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2810-2823页

作者： zhi WANG Yi fu Shunping PEI CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Recent geodetic and seismological observations of two major earthquakes in southeastern Türkiye in February 2023 have revealed complex rupture initiation,propagation,and segmentation along the East Anatolian Fault Zone(EAFZ)and surrounding ***,the role of upper crust structures along the EAFZ in determining the diverse rupture processes of this earthquake doublet remains *** further investigate this,we employed double-difference location and seismic tomography techniques to determine high-resolution seismic velocities(V_(P),V_(S))and Poisson’s ratio(σ)structures using a multiparameter joint tomographic *** dataset includes 100,833 high-quality source-receiver travel-time pairs of P-and *** find that the unique rupture processes of this earthquake doublet were primarily influenced by contrasting crustal seismic structures and localized geological *** M_(w)7.8 mainshock was initiated within a transitional edge zone characterized by a rigid part(asperity)of the seismogenic zone with sharp contrast variations in rock strength ranging from low to high along the *** comparison,the M_(w)7.6 rupture originated in a ductile belt featuring fluid saturation with low-VP,low-VS,and high-σvalues that extended parallel to the Cardak *** pronounced contrast structures observed along the former rupture can be attributed to the oblique collision system between the weakened section of the east Anatolian plateau and the brittle Arabian platform,while the latter rupture was initiated within the ductile structure associated with fluid intrusion caused by the northward subduction of the Cyprus slab and subsequent ***,the occurrence of the first earthquake(E1)serves to alleviate shear stress on the second earthquake(E2)fault,potentially impeding the initiation of an E2 *** the contrary,this event also significantly reduces the normal stress acting on the E2 fault due to a double left-lateral strike-slip system

关键词： 2023 Turkiye earthquake doublet Joint seismic tomography Tomographic transition edge Seismic rupture process Strong fault coupling

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Polydatin ameliorates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating macrophage polarization

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 25-34页

作者： Hai-Li Bao Chuan-zhi Chen Chang-Zhen Ren Ke-yan Sun Hao Liu Shao-Hua Song zhi-Ren fu Department of Organ Transplantation Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNavy Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China Department of Surgical Oncology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Department of Cardiology Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China Department of General Surgery Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

Background:Polydatin,a glucoside of resveratrol,has shown protective effects against various ***,little is known about its effect on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)*** study aimed to elucidate whether polydatin protects liver against I/R-induced injury and to explore the underlying ***:After gavage feeding polydatin once daily for a week,mice underwent a partial hepatic I/R *** alanine aminotransferase(ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase(AST),hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)staining were used to evaluate liver *** severity related to the inflammatory response and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production was also ***,immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect macrophage polarization and the NF-κB signaling pathway in ***:Compared with the I/R group,polydatin pretreatment significantly attenuated I/R-induced liver damage and *** oxidative stress marker(dihydroethidium fluorescence,malondialdehyde,superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase)and I/R related inflammatory cytokines(interleukin1β,interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α)were significantly suppressed after polydatin *** addition,the result of immunofluorescence indicated that polydatin reduced the polarization of macrophages toward M1 macrophages both in vivo and in *** blotting showed that polydatin inhibited the pro-inflammatory function of RAW264.7 via down-regulating the NF-κB signaling ***:Polydatin protects the liver from I/R injury by remodeling macrophage polarization via NFκB signaling.

关键词： Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury Polydatin Macrophage Polarization Inflammation

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Present situation and prospect of immunotherapy for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer during peri-radiotherapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 1-7页

作者： Feng-Mei Wang Peng Mo Xue yan Xin-Yue Lin zhi-Chao fu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Fuzong Clinical Medical College(900th Hospital)Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350025Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dongfang HospitalXiamen UniversityFuzhou 350025Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Radiotherapy Fuzong Clinical Medical College(900th Hospital)Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350025Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Radiotherapy Dongfang HospitalXiamen UniversityFuzhou 350025Fujian ProvinceChina

Four major studies(Checkmate577,Keynote-590,Checkmate649 and Attraction-4)of locally advanced esophageal cancer published in 2020 have established the importance of immunotherapy,represented by anti-programmed death protein(PD)-1 in postoperative adjuvant treatment and advanced first-line treatment of locally advanced or advanced esophageal cancer and esophagogastric junction cancer,from the aspects of proof of concept,long-term survival,overall survival rate and progression-free *** unresectable or inoperable nonmetastatic esophageal cancer,concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the standard treatment recommended by various *** its curative effect is still not ideal,it is necessary to explore radical radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the future,and it is considered to be promising to combine them with immunotherapeutic drugs such as *** paper mainly discusses how to combine radical concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy with immunotherapy for unresectable local advanced esophageal cancer.

关键词： Esophageal carcinoma Locally advanced Radiotherapy Immunotherapy

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Effect of endogenous hydrogen sulfide on oxidative stress in oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in rats

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第21期124卷 3476-3480页

作者： WANG Cong WANG Hai-ying LIU zhi-wei fu yan ZHAO Bin Department of Emergency Medicine Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035 China

Background Acute lung injury （ALl） is a common critical disease in emergency care. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ALl. Endogenous hydrogen sulfide （H2S） can inhibit oxidative stress in rat gastric mucosal epithelium. In this study, we examined the possible role of H2S in regulation of the oxidative stress in oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in rats. Methods The rat model of ALl was induced by intra-tail vein injection of oleic acid （CA）. NariS solution was injected intraperitoneally before CA injection as an CA＋NariS group. A semi-quantitative histological index of quantitative assessment of lung injury was calculated. The levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, glutathione （GSH） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in plasma and lung tissue were detected with ELISA. The levels of H2S content in lung tissue were detected with an ion meter. Results Compared with the control group, the level of H2S in lung tissue was significantly decreased, and the level of SOD and GSH were decreased but the level of MDA was increased in plasma and lung tissue in rats with ALl. NariS lessened the ALl in association with an increase in the level of H2S in lung tissue, a decrease in the level of MDA but an increase in SOD and GSH levels in plasma and lung tissues. Conclusion Endogenous H2S could inhibit the oxidative stress in lung tissue in oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in rats.

关键词： acute lung injury hydrogen sulfide oxidative stress

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Energy absorption behaviors of a novel buffer lander-leg with Yoshimura core

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 333-342页

作者： yan XU He HUANG Chao ZHANG Rongji fu School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Mechanics Civil Engineering and Architecture Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

In the current soft-landing system,the lander-leg and the buffer are two independent parts which may cause weight *** traditional mechanical buffers also have their own shortcomings such as small buffer stroke and being non-reusable.A Novel Buffer Lander-leg with Yoshimura core (NBLY) is proposed in this paper,inspired by the Buckling Restrained Brace(BRB).The design details of NBLY and parameter definitions of the core are *** finite element analysis modes have been employed to analyze the nonlinear mechanical behaviors of NBLY subjected to the cyclic *** with four different core styles of hexagon,octagon,dodecagon and hexadecagon are analyzed and *** restraining ratio and cumulative dissipation energy ratio have been obtained to evaluate the energy absorption *** results show that the origami pattern has significant influences on the deformation ductility,plastic energy absorbing and axial load transferring to the *** NBLY with octagon core has outstanding properties,especially the hysteretic energy dissipation and enhancement of compression *** interaction mechanism between the core and encasing member constrains the deformation extensions and contributes to the frictional energy dissipation of the *** paper provides a new conceptual design of buffer lander-leg for soft-landing *** can realize the reuse function as a buffer lander-leg with better loading-bearing and energy absorption behaviors.

关键词： Lander-leg structure Origami Energy absorption Cyclic loading Finite element analysis

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Effect of endoscopic sphincterotomy and endoscopic papillary balloon dilation endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies on the sphincter of Oddi

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1726-1733页

作者： Kai fu Ying-Ying yang Hui Chen Guang-Xin Zhang yan Wang zhi Yin Department of Gastroentero Endoscopy Center Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuxi 214200Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP),with its clinical ad-vantages of less trauma and faster recovery,has become the primary treatment for *** To investigate the effects of different ERCP procedures on the sphincter of *** The clinical data of 91 patients who underwent ERCP at Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between February 2018 and February 2021 were analyzed *** patients were divided into endoscopic sphinc-terotomy(EST,n=24)and endoscopic papillary balloon dilation(EPBD,n=67)*** duration of operation,pancreatic development,pancreatic sphinc-terotomy,intubation difficulties,stone recurrence,and incidence of reflux cho-langitis and cholecystitis were statistically analyzed in patients with a history of choledocholithiasis,pancreatitis,and Oddi sphincter dysfunction in the EST and EPBD *** Differences in hypertension,diabetes,increased bilirubin,small diameter of the common bile duct,or ampullary diverticulum between the two groups were not *** significant differences were observed between the two groups concerning sex and age(function were higher in the EST group than in the EPBD *** number of cases of pancreatic development,pancreatic duct sphincterotomy,and difficult intubation were higher in the EST group than in the EPBD *** number of Oddi’s sphincter manometries,ERCP surgical outcomes,and guidewires entering the pancreatic duct several times in EST group were lower than those in the EPBD *** numbers of stone recurrences,reflux cholangitis,and cholecystitis were higher in the EST group than in the EPBD *** In summary,common bile duct stones,pancreatitis history,and multiple guided wire introductions into the pancreatic duct are independent risk factors for EST and *** on this evidence,this study can provide

关键词： Oddi Cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic retrograde Risk factors Endoscopic sphincterotomy Endoscopic papillary balloon dilation

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