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Factors hindering the degradation of pharmaceuticals from human urine in an iron-activated persulfate system

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 130-148页

作者： Yiruiwen Xie Dao Guan Yangfan Deng Yugo Sato Yu luo Guanghao Chen Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Water Technology LabHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal PollutionThe Hong Kong University of Science&TechnologyHong Kong 999077China

This study investigated the degradation of clofibric acid(CFA),bezafibrate(BZF),and sulfamethoxazole(SMX)in synthetic human urine using a novel mesoporous iron powderactivated persulfate system(mFe-PS system),and identified the factors limiting their degradation in synthetic human urine.A kinetic model was established to expose the radical production in various reaction conditions,and experiments were conducted to verify the modeling *** the phosphate-containing mFe-PS system,the 120 min removal efficiency of CFA decreased from 95.1%to 76.6%as the phosphate concentration increased from 0.32 to 6.45 mmol/L,but recovered to 90.5%when phosphate concentration increased to 16.10 mmol/***,the increased concentration of phosphate from 0.32 to 16.10mmol/L reduced the BZF degradation efficacy from 91.5%to 79.0%,whereas SMX removal improved from 37.3%to 62.9%.The m Fe-PS system containing(bi)carbonate,from 4.20 to166.70 mmol/L,reduced CFA and BZF removal efficiencies from 100%to 76.8%and 80.4%,respectively,and SMX from 83.5%to 56.7%within a 120-min reaction *** addition,alkaline conditions(pH≥8.0)inhibited CFA and BZF degradations,while nonacidic pH(pH≥7.0)remarkably inhibited SMX *** of the kinetic model indicated the formation of phosphate(H_(2)PO_(4)^(·)/HPO_(4)^(·-))and/or carbonate radicals(CO_(3)^(·-))could limit pharmaceutical *** transformation products(TPs)of the pharmaceuticals revealed more incompletely oxidized TPs occurred in the phosphate-and(bi)carbonate-containing m Fe-PS systems,and indicated that H_(2)PO_(4)^(·)/HPO_(4)^(·-)mainly degraded pharmaceuticals via a benzene ring-opening reaction while CO_(3)^(·-)preferentially oxidized pharmaceuticals via a hydroxylation reaction.

关键词： Pharmaceutical degradation Human urine Iron-activated persulfate system Phosphate radicals Carbonate radicals Transformation products

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Improving the removal of fine particles by chemical agglomeration during the limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第6期31卷 35-44页

作者： Lei Zhou Yong Liu Lvyuan luo Zhulin Yuan Linjun Yang Hao Wu Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education Southeast University School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Nanjing Normal University

Coal-fired power plants are considered a major source of fine particle emissions in *** to improve the removal efficiency of fine particles during the limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization(WFGD) process, a novel technology using chemical agglomeration to abate the emission of fine particles is presented herein. The relationship between fine particle emission and the proportion of fine particles in the desulfurization slurry was ***, the influence of chemical agglomeration on fine particle size distribution, both in the flue gas and slurry was experimentally investigated. When chemical agglomeration agents were added to the desulfurization slurry, the fine particle removal performance as well as the effects of the operation parameters was also explored via the simulated experimental *** results revealed that the fine particles in both the desulfurization slurry and flue gas were significantly enlarged after the addition of the agglomeration agents. This was more marked in the submicron particles. Thus, the proportion of fine particles(90% was maintained.

关键词： Removal performance Chemical agglomeration Size distribution WFGD Fine particle emission

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Comparative study on the inhibiting mechanism of inhibitor with primary amine groups and quaternary ammonium groups for sodium bentonite

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Petroleum 2023年第4期9卷 526-533页

作者： Gang Xie Yujing luo Chenglong Wang Mingyi Deng Yang Bai State Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China CNOOC Ltd. Zhanjiang524057China

Shale hydration and swelling is the main obstacle to the development of shale gas utilizing water-based drilling fluids(WBDFs).In this work,the inhibition mechanism of alkylammonium inhibitor and alkylamine inhibitor adsorbed on sodium bentonite(Na+Bent)are investigated using infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),zeta potential,particle size distribution tests,and thermogravimetry analysis(TGA).The results suggest that HTB and HMD can be inserted into the interlamination of Na+Bent and minimize the basal spacing compared to hydrated Na+*** and HMD are inserted between the Na+Bent layers in a single-layer tiled manner and replace the sodium ions that are firmly fixed between the ***,water molecules are removed from the interlayer Na+*** interaction between the quaternary ammonium group and Na+Bent is more significant than between the primary amine group and Na+*** inhibition performance suggests that HTB inhibits Na+Bent hydration and swelling more substantially than other inhibitors,indicating that the inhibition performance of the two quaternary ammonium groups is greater than that of the two primary amine ***,HTB can be used as intercalation inhibition in WBDFs and has tremendous application value.

关键词： Sodium bentonite Alkylammonium Alkylamine Inhibition performance

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Immobilization of self-assembled pre-dispersed nano-TiO_2 onto montmorillonite and its photocatalytic activity

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 108-117页

作者： Tingting Zhang Yuan luo Bing Jia Yan Li Lingling Yuan Jiang Yu Research Group of Environmental Catalysis & Separation Process College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology

The immobilization of pre-dispersed Ti O2 colloids onto the external surface of the clay mineral montmorillonite（Mt） was accomplished and regulated via a self-assembly method employing the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide（CTAB）. The role of CTAB in the synthesis process was investigated by preparing a series of Ti O2-CTAB-Mt composites（TCM） with various CTAB doses. The results indicated that a uniform and continuous Ti O2 film was deposited on the external surface of montmorillonite in the composite synthesized with 0.1 wt.% of CTAB, and the TCM nano-composites showed much higher values for specific surface area, average pore size and pore volume than the raw montmorillonite clay. Then, the formed TCM materials were applied in photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol（2,4-DCP） in aqueous solution. The degradation efficiency reached as high as 94.7%. Based on the degradation intermediates benezoquinone, fumaric acid and oxalic acid identified by LC-MS analysis, a mechanism for the photocatalytic oxidation of 2,4-DCP on Ti O2/Mt nano-composites is proposed.

关键词： Ti O2/Mt composite CTAB Immobilization Photocatalysis

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An automated approach to calculating the maximum diameters of multiple cutters and their paths for sectional milling of centrifugal impellers on a 4_(1/2)-axis CNC machine

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第4期32卷 1030-1039页

作者： Baohai WU Zezhong C.CHEN Ming luo Dinghua ZHANG Feiyan HAN School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Department of Mechanical Industrial and Aerospace EngineeringConcordia University College of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology

Power generators and chemical engineering compressors include heavy and large centrifugal impellers. To produce these impellers in high-speed machining, a 4?-axis milling machine(or a 4-axis machine plus an indexing table) is often used in the industry, which is more rigid than a5-axis milling machine. Since impeller blades are designed with complex B-spline surfaces and impeller channels spaces vary significantly, it is more efficient to use multiple cutters as large as possible to cut a channel in sections and a blade surface in patches, instead of only using a small cutter to machine a whole blade and a channel. Unfortunately, no approach has been established to automatically calculate the largest diameters of cutters and their paths, which include the indexing table angles. To address this problem, an automated and optimization approach is proposed. Based on the structure of a 4?-axis machine, a geometric model for a cutter gouging/interfering the impeller is formulated, and an optimization model of the cutter diameter in terms of the indexing table angle is established at a cutter contact(CC) point on a blade surface. Then, the diameters of the tools,their orientations, and the indexing table angles are optimized, and each tool's paths are generated for machining its corresponding impeller section. As a test, an impeller is efficiently machined with these tools section by section; thus, this approach is valid. It can be directly used in the industry to improve efficiency of machining centrifugal impellers.

关键词： Automated path generation 4_(1/2)-Axis CNC machining Centrifugal impeller machining Cutter diameter optimization Sectional machining

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Genotypic variations in the accumulation of Cd exhibited by different vegetables

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第8期22卷 1246-1252页

作者： Junxing Yang Haitao Guo Yibing Ma Liqun Wang Dongpu Wei luo Hua Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China The Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 China

It is an important approach to use the Cd-contaminated soils properly by growing low accumulator or excluder plants for Cd to produce safe foods. To find the suitable vegetable species for growing in Cd-contaminated soils, in the present study the variations in the Cd accumulation for twenty eight vegetable species and several cultivars of five common vegetables （cowpea, kidney pea, bitter gourd, cucumber and squash） were investigated in two soil Cd levels （1 and 2 mg/kg Cd）. Experimental results showed that highly significant differences in Cd concentration were evident among 28 vegetables. For example, spinach Cd concentrations were 110-fold and 175-fold higher than that of sweet pea under the 1 and 2 mg/kg Cd exposures, respectively. For Cd accumulation, the order of vegetable species was： leafy vegetables solanaceous vegetables kale vegetables root vegetables allimus melon vegetables legumes. Distinctive differences were also identified when comparing different cultivars of the five common vegetables with an average range of 0.003–0.094 mg/kg Cd. Our results indicated that a large genotypic variation existed among vegetable species or cultivars when subjected to Cd exposure. Therefore, it is important and feasible to elect/breed vegetable species/cultivars with low accumulation of Cd, especially in mildly Cd-contaminated soils.

关键词： vegetables cadmium accumulation genotypic variations

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The effect of SiO_2 particle size on iron based F–T synthesis catalysts

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第7期24卷 937-943页

作者： Xiuying Guo Yijun Lu Peng Wu Kui Zhang Qinghua Liu Mingsheng luo National Institute of Clean and Low Carbon Energy Beijing 102209 China

The effect of particle size of silica, as catalyst binder, on the chemical and mechanical properties of iron based FT catalyst was studied in this work. The samples were characterized using XRD, BET, TEM, FT-IR, and H2-TPR, re- spectively. The attrition resistance and the FT activity were tested. Si-8-Si-15 catalysts prepared with 8-15 nm silica sol show good attrition resistance （attrition loss 〈 4%）, especially Si-13 with an attrition loss of 1.89%. He- matite appeared in XRD patterns when silica sol above 15 nm is used. TEM micrographs show that no obvious SiO2 particles appear when silica sol particle with size less than 8 nm was used, but SiO2 particles coated with small ferrihydrite particles appear when silica sol above 8 nm was used. Si-O-Si vibration peak in FT-IR spectra increases with increasing silica sol size. Samples prepared with silica sol show good stability of FT reactions, and the average molecular weight of FT products increases with the increase of SiO2 particle.

关键词： SiO2 Fischer-Tropsch synthesisIron based FT catalystAttrition resistance

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Designing DNA cage-based immuno-fluorescence strategy for rapid diagnosis of clinical cervical cancer tissues

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第2期33卷 788-792页

作者： Juanjuan Li Hongjie luo Xueqiong Zhu Jianfu Zhao Tianfeng Chen Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospitaland Department of ChemistryJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China

Exploiting a tissue diagnosis method to abstain the involuted operating and consume valuable reagents while realizing high-speed and inexpensive pathological grading technology to supply a better scheme for cancer therapy is a significant method of cancers detection. A promising immuno-fluorescence strategy was rationally designed and synthesized by loading ruthenium complex into cervical cancer-targeted DNA-cage, which was well used to realize high-speed and inexpensive diagnosis of clinical cervical cancer tumor tissues avoiding the traditional multi-stage process, thus demonstrating high application potential in clinical pathological grading and surgical judgment. Moreover, it has been finding that Apts-DNA@Ru can enrichment in the tumor region, interestingly, no enrichment in normal cervical cancer tissue. It has the potential to realize the integration of in vivo diagnose and further synchronous treatment in the near future. Thence, this study demonstrates a strategy for integration of cancer-targeted DNA-cage and fluorescent Ru POP as alternative IHC reagents for next-generation more rapid convenient cancer detection.

关键词： Rapid diagnostic Pathological grading Cervical cancer Immuno-fluorescence Cancer-targeted DNA-cage

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Nitrogen/sulfur co-doped hollow carbon nanofiber anode obtained from polypyrrole with enhanced electrochemical performance for Na-ion batteries

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Science Bulletin 2018年第2期63卷 126-132页

作者： zhigao luo Sainan Liu Yangshen Cai Shi Li Anqiang Pan Shuquan Liang School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Central South University

Polypyrrole and sulfur derived hollow carbon nanofibers co-doped with nitrogen/sulfur are synthesized and applied as the anode for Na-ion batteries(NIBs). Successful doping of hollow carbon nanofiber with nitrogen and sulfur is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning and tunneling electron microscopy. Further analysis certifies that sulfur doping has a significant impact in improving the elecctrochemical performance of the carbon-based anodes for NIBs. The obtained N-doped hollow carbon nanofiber and N/S co-doped hollow carbon nanofiber exhibit similar morphologies but different electrochemical behavior. As expected, the N/S co-doped hollow carbon nanofiber anode exhibits enhanced electrochemical performance, including high specific capacity, outstanding long-term stability, and good rate stability.

关键词： Hollow carbon nanofibersNitrogen/sulfur co-doping Anode Sodium ion batteries

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Pulsar giant pulse: Coherent instability near light cylinder

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第7期62卷 113-122页

作者： WeiYang Wang JiGuang Lu SongBo Zhang XueLei Chen Rui luo RenXin Xu Key Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science Australia Telescope National Facility International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research University of Western Australia Center for High Energy Physics Peking University Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Department of Astronomy School of Physics Peking University

Giant pulses(GPs) are extremely bright individual pulses of radio pulsar. In microbursts of Crab pulsar, which is an active GP emitter, zebra-pattern-like spectral structures are observed, which are reminiscent of the "zebra bands" that are observed in type Ⅳ solar radio flares. However, band spacing linearly increases with the band center frequency of ～5-30 GHz. In this study, we propose that the Crab pulsar GP can originate from the coherent instability of plasma near a light cylinder. Further, the growth of coherent instability can be attributed to the resonance observed between the cyclotron-resonant-excited wave and the background plasma oscillation. The particles can be injected into the closed-field line regions owing to magnetic reconnection near a light cylinder. These particles introduce a large amount of free energy that further causes cyclotron-resonant instability, which grows and amplifies radiative waves at frequencies close to the electron cyclotron harmonics that exhibit zebra-pattern-like spectral band structures. Further, these structures can be modulated by the resonance between the cyclotron-resonant-excited wave and the background plasma oscillation. In this scenario, the band structures of the Crab pulsar can be well fitted by a coherent instability model, where the plasma density of a light cylinder should be ～10^(13-15) cm^(-3), with an estimated gradient of >5.5 × 10~5 cm^(-4). This process may be accompanied by high-energy emissions. Similar phenomena are expected to be detected in other types of GP sources that have magnetic fields of ? 106 G in a light cylinder.

关键词： neutron star pulsar radiation mechanisms instabilities in plasmas

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