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Towards designing high mechanical performance low-alloyed wrought magnesium alloys via grain boundary segregation strategy:A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1774-1791页

作者： zhi Zhang Jinshu Xie Jinghuai Zhang xu-sheng Yang Ruizhi Wu Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518060China

Low-alloyed magnesium(Mg)alloys have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for lightweight ***,their further application potential has been hampered by limitations such as low strength,poor plasticity at room temperature,and unsatisfactory *** address these challenges,grain refinement and grain structure control have been identified as crucial factors to achieving high performance in low-alloyed Mg *** effective way for regulating grain structure is through grain boundary(GB)*** review presents a comprehensive summary of the distribution criteria of segregated atoms and the effects of solute segregation on grain size and growth in Mg *** analysis encompasses both single element segregation and multi-element co-segregation behavior,considering coherent interfaces and incoherent ***,we introduce the high mechanical performance low-alloyed wrought Mg alloys that utilize GB segregation and analyze the potential impact mechanisms through which GB segregation influences materials *** upon these studies,we propose strategies for the design of high mechanical performance Mg alloys with desirable properties,including high strength,excellent ductility,and good formability,achieved through the implementation of GB *** findings of this review contribute to advancing the understanding of grain boundary engineering in Mg alloys and provide valuable insights for future alloy design and optimization.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Grain boundary segregation High strength High plasticity High formability

SRP54 Negatively Regulates IFN-Beta Production and Antiviral Response by Targeting RIG-I and MDA5

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第2期36卷 231-240页

作者： Dong-Peng Wang Hong-Yan Zhang Bo-Wei Liao Zhen Tong zhi-sheng xu Yan-Yi Wang Yan Yang Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

During virus infection,RIG-I-like receptors(RLRs)recognize viral RNAs and recruit the adaptor protein VISA to activate downstream signaling,leading to activation of transcription factors NF-κB and IRF3,which collaborate to induce type I interferons(IFNs).IFNs further induce expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes(ISGs)that suppress viral replication and facilitate the adaptive immune *** production of IFNs is implicated in various immune *** we identified Signal Recognition Particle 54(SRP54)as a negative regulator of RLRs-induced antiviral *** of SRP54 inhibited RNA virus-triggered induction of IFN-b and increased viral replication,whereas knockdown of SRP54 had opposite ***,SRP54 interacted with both RIG-I and MDA5 and impaired their association with *** findings demonstrate that SRP54 acts as a negative regulator of RLRs-mediated innate immune response by disrupting the recruitment of VISA to RIG-I/MDA5.

关键词： TypeⅠinterferons(IFNs) SRP54 RLRs-induced signaling RIG-I/MDA5 and VISA interactions

State functions/quantities in thermodynamics and heat transfer

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Fundamental Research 2022年第1期2卷 101-107页

作者： sheng-zhi xu Tian Zhao Qun Chen Xin-Gang Liang Zeng-Yuan Guo Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In thermodynamics,it is essential to distinguish between state functions and process *** reason is that the simple compressible thermodynamic system is a bivariate-process system,and the change of internal energy,a state function,corresponds to two process functions,heat and *** the state functions in thermodynamics,entropy is a special one because it has to be defined through a process function,exchanged heatδQ,and a unique factor of integration,l/*** heat transfer,it is shown that Fourier's law and the differential equation of heat conduction are both relations of state quantities alone,and process quantities appear when an integration with respect to time is ***,an incompressible heat conduction medium element without conversion between heat and work is a univariate-process system governed by a single variable,*** this case,the change of the thermal energy(“heat content”)stored in the system,a state quantity as a function of T alone,corresponds to only one process quantity,the transferred ***,on the one hand,it is unnecessary to strictly distinguish between state quantities and process quantities in heat transfer,and on the other hand,there is no need to use a factor of integration to prove entransy a state quantity in heat *** and heat transfer are two parallel sub-disciplines in thermal *** is incorrect to deny entransy as a state quantity in heat transfer by the uniqueness of the factor of integration for entropy in thermodynamics,and entransy has significant physical meaning in the analysis and optimization of heat transfer processes.

关键词： State quantity Process quantity Entransy Entropy Univariate-process system Bivariate-process system

The genome sequence of celery(Apium graveolens L.),an important leaf vegetable crop rich in apigenin in the Apiaceae family

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2648-2657页

作者： Meng-Yao Li Kai Feng Xi-Lin Hou Qian Jiang zhi-sheng xu Guang-Long Wang Jie-Xia Liu Feng Wang Ai-sheng Xiong State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East ChinaCollege of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural University1 WeigangNanjing 210095China

Celery(Apium graveolens L.)is a vegetable crop in the Apiaceae family that is widely cultivated and consumed because it contains necessary nutrients and multiple biologically active ingredients,such as apigenin and ***,we report the genome sequence of celery based on the use of HiSeq 2000 sequencing technology to obtain 600.8 Gb of data,achieving~189-fold genome coverage,from 68 sequencing libraries with different insert sizes ranging from 180 bp to 10 kb in *** assembled genome has a total sequence length of 2.21 Gb and consists of 34,277 predicted *** DNA sequences represent 68.88%of the genome sequences,and LTR retrotransposons are the main components of the repetitive *** analysis showed that a recent whole-genome duplication event may have occurred in celery,which could have contributed to its large genome *** genome sequence of celery allowed us to identify agronomically important genes involved in disease resistance,flavonoid biosynthesis,terpenoid metabolism,and other important cellular *** comparative analysis of apigenin biosynthesis genes among species might explain the high apigenin content of *** whole-genome sequences of celery have been deposited at CeleryDB(http://***/celerydb).The availability of the celery genome data advances our knowledge of the genetic evolution of celery and will contribute to further biological research and breeding in celery as well as other Apiaceae plants.

关键词： metabolism breeding sizes

Telomere-to-telomere carrot (Daucus carota) genome assembly reveals carotenoid characteristics

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Horticulture Research 2023年第7期10卷 112-124页

作者： Ya-Hui Wang Pei-Zhuo Liu Hui Liu Rong-Rong Zhang Yi Liang zhi-sheng xu Xiao-Jie Li Qing Luo Guo-Fei Tan Guang-Long Wang Ai-sheng Xiong State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East ChinaCollege of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China Institute of Horticulture Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhou 550025China School of Life Science and Food Engineering Huaiyin Institute of TechnologyHuaianJiangsu 223003China Beijing Vegetable Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in North ChinaBeijing 100097China

Carrot(Daucus carota)is an Apiaceae plant with multi-colored fleshy roots that provides a model system for carotenoid *** this study,we assembled a 430.40 Mb high-quality gapless genome to the telomere-to-telomere(T2T)level of“Kurodagosun”*** total,36268 genes were identified and 34961 of them were functionally *** proportion of repeat sequences in the genome was 55.3%,mainly long terminal *** on the coverage of the repeats,14 telomeres and 9 centromeric regions on the chromosomes were predicted.A phylogenetic analysis showed that carrots evolved early in the family *** on the T2T genome,we reconstructed the carotenoid metabolic pathway and identified the structural genes that regulate carotenoid *** the 65 genes that were screened,9 were newly ***,some gene sequences overlapped with transposons,suggesting replication and functional differentiation of carotenoid-related genes during carrot *** that some gene copies were barely expressed during development,they might be functionally *** of 24 cytochrome P450 genes associated with carotenoid biosynthesis revealed the tandem or proximal duplication resulting in expansion of CYP gene *** results provided molecular information for carrot carotenoid accumulation and contributed to a new genetic resource.

关键词： carrot sequences characteristics

Temporal profiling of plasma cytokines,chemokines and growth factors from mild,severe and fatal COVID-19 patients

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 1529-1531页

作者： zhi-sheng xu Ting Shu Liang Kang Di Wu Xing Zhou Bo-Wei Liao Xiu-Lian Sun Xi Zhou Yan-Yi Wang Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China The Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics-Wuhan Institute of VirologyGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou 510623China The Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health Wuhan Institute of Virology&Wuhan Jinyintan HospitalWuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China The Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health Wuhan Institute of Virology&Wuhan Jinyintan HospitalWuhan Jinyintan HospitalWuhan 430023China

Dear Editor,In December 2019,a novel coronavirus that is related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)in phylogenetic distance was identified.1 This virus,which was later designated as SARS-CoV-2,also causes acute respiratory disease syndrome(ARDS)termed coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),which was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020.

关键词： acute respiratory cytokines

Immune states:integrated views of immunity by combining traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 2271-2273页

作者： Anlong xu Yuxing zhi School of Life Sciences and Qi-Huang School of Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

Human immune system is an extraordinarily complex physiological system composed of multiple anatomical systems,diverse tissues and molecules from macroscopic to microscopic *** cells and molecules collectively partici... 详细信息

关键词： immunity homeostasis Immune

Study on the clogging mechanism of punching screen in sand control by the punching structure parameters

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 609-620页

作者： Fu-Cheng Deng Fu-Lin Gui Bai-Tao Fan Lei Wen sheng-Hong Chen Ning Gong Yun-Chen Xiao zhi-Hui xu Yangtze University Jingzhou434023HubeiChina CNOOC Research Institute Ltd. Beijing100028China CNOOC Ener Tech-Drilling&Production Co. Tianjin300457China Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Ltd. Tianjin300459China

As an independent sand control unit or a common protective shell of a high-quality screen,the punching screen is the outermost sand retaining unit of the sand control pipe which is used in geothermal well or oil and gas ***,most screens only consider the influence of the internal sand retaining medium parameters in the sand control performance design while ignoring the influence of the plugging of the punching screen on the overall sand retaining performance of the *** explore the clogging mechanism of the punching screen,this paper established the clogging mechanism calculation model of a single punching screen sand control unit by using the computational fluid mechanics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM)combined *** to the combined motion of particles and fluids,the influence of the internal flow state on particle motion and accumulation was *** results showed that(1)the clogging process of the punching sand control unit is divided into three stages:initial clogging,aggravation of clogging and stability of *** the initial stage of blockage,coarse particles form a loose bridge structure,and blockage often occurs preferentially at the streamline gathering place below chamfering inside the sand control *** the stage of blockage intensification,the particle mass develops into a relatively complete sand bridge,which develops from both ends of the opening to the center of the *** the stable plugging stage,the sand deposits show a“fan shape”and form a“V-shaped”gully inside the punching slot element.(2)Under a certain reservoir particle-size distribution,The slit length and opening height have a large influence on the permeability and blockage rate,while the slit width size has little influence on the permeability and blockage *** microscopic clogging mechanism and its law of the punching screen prevention unit are proposed in this study,which has some field guidance significance for the design of punching screen

关键词： Punching screen Plugging CFD-DEM Size parameter Sand control

Antecedent snowmelt and orographic precipitation contributions to water supply of Pakistan disastrous floods,2022

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 419-430页

作者： Yan WANG Peng CUI Chen-Di ZHANG Guo-Tao ZHANG Jian-sheng HAO xu YUAN Yao-zhi JIANG Lu WANG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China Polar and Marine Research Institute College of Harbor and Coastal EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamen 361021China School of Resources and Environment University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Hebei Province Tangshan Caofeidian Meteorological Bureau Tangshan 063000China

In 2022,the Pakistan witnessed the hottest spring and wettest summer in *** devastating floods inundated a large portion of Pakistan and caused enormous ***,the primary water source and its contributions to these unprecedented floods remain *** on the reservoir inflow measurements,Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation(MSWEP),the fifth generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis(ERA5)products,this study quantified the contributions of monsoon precipitation,antecedent snow-melts,and orographic precipitation enhancement to floods in *** found that the Indus experienced at least four inflow up-rushes,which was mainly supplied by precipitation and snowmelt;In upper Indus,abnormally high temperature continued to influence the whole summer and lead to large amounts of snowmelts which not only was a key water supply to the flood but also provided favorable soil moisture conditions for the latter *** July,the snowmelt has higher contributions than the precipitation to the streamflow of Indus River,with contribution value of more than 60%.Moreover,the snowmelt could still supply 20%-40%water to the lower Indus in July and August;The leading driver of 2022 mega-floods over the southern Pakistan in July and August was dominated by the precipitation,where terrain disturbance induced precipitation account to approximately 33%over the southern *** results help to understand the mechanisms of flood formation,and to better predict future flood risks over complex terrain regions.

关键词： Extreme heavy rainfall Snowmelt Orographic precipitation Floods Pakistan