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Impact of oxygen incorporation on interface optimization and defect suppression for efficiency enhancement in Cu2ZnSn（S,Se）4 solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 77-85页

作者： Shicheng Deng Songfan Wang Yuanyuan Wang Qian Xiao Yuena Meng Dongxing Kou Wenhui zhou Zhengji zhou zhi Zheng Sixin Wu Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of MOE National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologySchool of Materials Henan University Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials College of Chemical and Materials Engineering Xuchang University

Kesterite Cu2ZnSn（S,Se）4（CZTSSe） solar cells suffer from severe carrier recombination, limiting the photovoltaic performance. Unfavorable energy band alignment at the p-n junction and defective front interface are two main causes. Herein, oxygen incorporation in CZTSSe via absorber air-annealing was developed as a strategy to optimize its surface photoelectric property and reduce the defects. With optimized oxygen incorporation conditions, the carrier separation and collection behavior at the front interface of the device is improved. In particular, it is found that oxygen incorporated absorber exhibits increased band bending, larger depletion region width, and suppressed absorber defects. These indicate the dynamic factors for carrier separation become stronger. Meanwhile, the increased potential difference between grain boundaries and intra grains combined with the decreased concentration of interface deep level defect in the absorber provide a better path for carrier transport. As a consequence, the champion efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells has been improved from 9.74% to 12.04% with significantly improved open-circuit voltage after optimized air-annealing condition. This work provides a new insight for interface engineering to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of CZTSSe devices.

关键词： Defect suppression Interface optimization Kesterite Surface oxidation Thin film solar cell

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Effects of the windshield inclination angle on head/brain injuries in car-to-pedestrian collisions using computational biomechanics models

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第2期6卷 1-12页

作者： Fang Wang Mingliang Wang Lin Hu Ke peng Jiajie Yin Danqi Wang Liangliang Shi zhou zhou School of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114HunanChina Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Safety Design and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114HunanChina State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co.Ltd.Chongqing 401122China Division of Neuronic Engineering KTH Ro y al Institute of TechnologyStockholm 14152Sweden

Car-to-pedestrian collision(CPC)accidents occur frequently,and pedestrians often suffer serious head/brain injuries.One major cause is the primary impact with the windshield.Here,we use an umerical sim ulation method to study the influence of the windshield in-clination angle of a passenger car on pedestrian head/brain injury due to CPC accidents.The range of the windshield inclination angle was set at 24°-50°,with an interval of 2°.The results show that the windshield angle significantly affects the pedestrian kine-matics and exerts different effects on the head injury when evaluating with various head injury criteria.Regarding the head peak linear/rotational acceleration and acceleration-based head injury criterion(HIC)/rotational injury criterion(RIC),the predictions at the secondary impact stage have no clear relationship with the windshield angle(R^(2)=0.04,0.07,0.03 and 0.26,respectively)and their distributions are scattered.In the primary impact,the peak linear acceleration and HIC show a weak trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increasing of the windshield angle,and the rotational acceleration and RIC tend to remain relatively con-stant.Regarding the cum ulative strain dama ge measure(CSDM)criterion,the predictions at the primary impact are slightly lower than those at the secondary impact,and the trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase in the windshield angle is observed at both impact stages.When the windshield inclination angle is approximately 32°-40°,the head injury severity in both impact phases is generally lower than that predicted at other windshield angles.

关键词： car-to-pedestrian collision(CPC) head/brain injury head injury criterion(HIC) windshield inclination angle computa-tional biomechanics model(CPCBM)

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Marker Ki-67 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer based on two cohorts

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 32-41页

作者： Zhen Song Qi zhou Jiang-Lei Zhang Jun Ouyang zhi-Yu Zhang Department of Urology Taixing People’s HospitalTaizhou 225400Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Reproductive Medicine Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Prostate cancer(PCa)is a widespread malignancy,predominantly affecting elderly males,and current methods for diagnosis and treatment of this disease continue to fall short.The marker Ki-67(MKI67)has been previously demonstrated to correlate with the proliferation and metastasis of various cancer cells,including those of PCa.Hence,verifying the association between MKI67 and the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa,using bioinformatics databases and clinical data analysis,carries significant clinical implications.AIM To explore the diagnostic and prognostic efficacy of antigens identified by MKI67 expression in PCa.METHODS For cohort 1,the efficacy of MKI67 diagnosis was evaluated using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Genotype-Tissue Expression(GTEx)databases.For cohort 2,the diagnostic and prognostic power of MKI67 expression was further validated using data from 271 patients with clinical PCa.RESULTS In cohort 1,MKI67 expression was correlated with prostate-specific antigen(PSA),Gleason Score,T stage,and N stage.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve showed a strong diagnostic ability,and the Kaplan-Meier method demonstrated that MKI67 expression was negatively associated with the progression-free interval(PFI).The time-ROC curve displayed a weak prognostic capability for MKI67 expression in PCa.In cohort 2,MKI67 expression was significantly related to the Gleason Score,T stage,and N stage;however,it was negatively associated with the PFI.The time-ROC curve revealed the stronger prognostic capability of MKI67 in patients with PCa.Multivariate COX regression analysis was performed to select risk factors,including PSA level,N stage,and MKI67 expression.A nomogram was established to predict the 3-year PFI.CONCLUSION MKI67 expression was positively associated with the Gleason Score,T stage,and N stage and showed a strong diagnostic and prognostic ability in PCa.

关键词： Marker Ki-67 Prostate cancer Biomarker Diagnosis Prognosis

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Supermassive black holes triggered by QCD axion bubbles

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第5期76卷 134-139页

作者： Hai-Jun Li Ying-Quan peng Wei Chao Yu-Feng zhou Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center for Advanced Quantum Studies Department of PhysicsBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific Beijing/HangzhouChina

Supermassive black holes(SMBHs)are ubiquitous in the center of galaxies,although the origin of their massive seeds is still unknown.In this paper,we investigate the formation of SMBHs from the quantum chromodynamics(QCD)axion bubbles.In this case,primordial black holes(PBHs)are considered as the seeds of SMBHs,which are generated from the QCD axion bubbles due to an explicit Peccei–Quinn(PQ)symmetry breaking after inflation.The QCD axion bubbles are formed when the QCD axion starts to oscillate during the QCD phase transition.We consider a general case in which the axion bubbles are formed with the bubble effective angleθeff∈(0,π],leading to the minimum PBH mass∼O(10^(4)−10^(7))M⊙for the axion decay constant f_(a)∼O(10^(16))GeV.The PBHs at this mass region may account for the seeds of SMBHs.

关键词： supermassive black holes primordial black holes quantum chromodynamics axion

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Engineering classification recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries through pretreatment:a comprehensive review from laboratory to scale-up application

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 915-941页

作者： Shu-Xuan Yan You-zhou Jiang Xiang-Ping Chen Lu Yuan Ting-Ting Min Yu Cao Wan-Li peng Tao zhou Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Public Policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Nonferrous Metal Industry's Foreign Engineering and Construction Co. LtdBeijing 100029China

The lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have been widely equipped in electric/hybrid electric vehicles(EVs/HEVs)and the portable electronics due to their excellent electrochemical performances.However,a large number of retired LIBs that consist of toxic substances(e.g.,heavy metals,electrolytes)and valuable metals(e.g.,Li,Co)will inevitably flow into the waste stream,and their incineration or landfill treatment will cause severe risks to ecosystem and human beings.The sustainable and efficient treatment or recycling of valuable resources from spent LIBs should be fully recognized for environmental and resource security.As one of the most important processes for spent LIBs recycling,the pretreatment is an indispensable step,which is directly related to the subsequent metal extraction and separation processes.Although considerable progresses have been made regarding the pretreatment technologies,there are few summarized reports concerning critical processes of spent LIBs recycling,especially combination of currently available recycling technologies with industrialized applications during pretreatments.Therefore,comprehensive review of the current prevailing pretreatment technologies in laboratory to existing scale-up applications is quite necessary to reveal cutting-edge development in the field of pretreatment.In this review,the current pretreatment technologies are systematically categorized and introduced,along with critical discussions.This review focused on the various options for pretreatment processes itself,instead of general spent LIBs recycling technologies without the focused topics that have been sophisticatedly reviewed by previous studies.Here,the deactivation,discharge,dismantling,separation,liberation of active material and electrolyte treatment have been summarized with the in-depth discussion of the technology development and current status of each category.Finally,current states of industrial development are also reviewed and discussed for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly recyclin

关键词： Spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) Recycling Pretreatment Valuable metals Cutting-edge technologies Industrialized application

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Influence of layer thickness on formation quality,microstructure,mechanical properties,and corrosion resistance of WE43 magnesium alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1367-1385页

作者： Bangzhao Yin Jinge Liu Bo peng Mengran zhou Bingchuan Liu Xiaolin Ma Caimei Wang peng Wen Yun Tian Yufeng Zheng State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Beijing100084China Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute for Precision Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing102218China Department of Orthopaedics Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Beijing AKEC Medical Co. Ltd.Beijing 102200China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine Ministry of EducationBeijing 100191China

Laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)of Mg alloys has provided tremendous opportunities for customized production of aeronautical and medical parts.Layer thickness(LT)is of great significance to the L-PBF process but has not been studied for Mg alloys.In this study,WE43 Mg alloy bulk cubes,porous scaffolds,and thin walls with layer thicknesses of 10,20,30,and 40μm were fabricated.The required laser energy input increased with increasing layer thickness and was different for the bulk cubes and porous scaffolds.Porosity tended to occur at the connection joints in porous scaffolds for LT40 and could be eliminated by reducing the laser energy input.For thin wall parts,a large overhang angle or a small wall thickness resulted in porosity when a large layer thicknesses was used,and the porosity disappeared by reducing the layer thickness or laser energy input.A deeper keyhole penetration was found in all occasions with porosity,explaining the influence of layer thickness,geometrical structure,and laser energy input on the porosity.All the samples achieved a high fusion quality with a relative density of over 99.5%using the optimized laser energy input.The increased layer thickness resulted to more precipitation phases,finer grain sizes and decreased grain texture.With the similar high fusion quality,the tensile strength and elongation of bulk samples were significantly improved from 257 MPa and 1.41%with the 10μm layer to 287 MPa and 15.12%with the 40μm layer,in accordance with the microstructural change.The effect of layer thickness on the compressive properties of porous scaffolds was limited.However,the corrosion rate of bulk samples accelerated with increasing the layer thickness,mainly attributed to the increased number of precipitation phases.

关键词： Magnesium alloy WE43 Laser powder bed fusion Layer thickness Process optimization

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Artificial intelligence-driven radiomics study in cancer:the role of feature engineering and modeling

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Military Medical Research 2024年第1期11卷 115-147页

作者： Yuan-peng Zhang Xin-Yun Zhang Yu-Ting Cheng Bing Li Xin-zhi Teng Jiang Zhang Saikit Lam Ta zhou Zong-Rui Ma Jia-Bao Sheng Victor CWTam Shara WYLee Hong Ge Jing Cai Department of Medical Informatics Nantong UniversityNantong 226001JiangsuChina Department of Health Technology and Informatics the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518000GuangdongChina Department of Radiation Oncology the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhou 450008China

Modern medicine is reliant on various medical imaging technologies for non-invasively observing patients’anatomy.However,the interpretation of medical images can be highly subjective and dependent on the expertise of clinicians.Moreover,some potentially useful quantitative information in medical images,especially that which is not visible to the naked eye,is often ignored during clinical practice.In contrast,radiomics performs high-throughput feature extraction from medical images,which enables quantitative analysis of medical images and prediction of various clinical endpoints.Studies have reported that radiomics exhibits promising performance in diagnosis and predicting treatment responses and prognosis,demonstrating its potential to be a non-invasive auxiliary tool for personalized medicine.However,radiomics remains in a developmental phase as numerous technical challenges have yet to be solved,especially in feature engineering and statistical modeling.In this review,we introduce the current utility of radiomics by summarizing research on its application in the diagnosis,prognosis,and prediction of treatment responses in patients with cancer.We focus on machine learning approaches,for feature extraction and selection during feature engineering and for imbalanced datasets and multi-modality fusion during statistical modeling.Furthermore,we introduce the stability,reproducibility,and interpretability of features,and the generalizability and interpretability of models.Finally,we offer possible solutions to current challenges in radiomics research.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Radiomics Feature extraction Feature selection Modeling Interpretability Multimodalities Head and neck cancer

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Chemical composition and pharmacological activity of seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpenes

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 70-81页

作者： Ye Jin Yanqing Xie peng Zhang Afsar Khan zhihong zhou Lu Liu Yunnan Yunzhong Institute of Nutrition and Health Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650500China Department of Chemistry COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad 22060Pakistan

The seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpenes(SPS),as a special class of sesquiterpenes with a highly oxidative five-ring cage structure and seven consecutive chiral centers,are isolated from the genus Illicium,which have a variety of biological activities,including neurotoxicity and neurotrophic effects,etc.This review summarizes the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of SPS,and discusses the potential trend and scope of future research.

关键词： anisatin chemical composition Illicium genus majucin pharmacological activity seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpenes

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Realizing high initial Coulombic efficiency in manganese-based layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries via P2/O'3 biphasic structure optimization

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2093-2102页

作者： Bo peng Zi-Hao zhou Ping Xuan Jie Xu Lian-Bo Ma School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Technology Anhui Product Quality Supervision&Inspection Research Institute

Abstract Mn-based layered oxides are among the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries owing to the advantages of abundance,environmenta friendliness,low cost and high specific capacity.P2 and O'3 are two representative structures of Mn-based layered oxides.However,the P2 structure containing insufficien Na generally exhibits low initial charge capacity,while O'3structure with sufficient Na delivers high initial charge capacity but poor cycle stability.This study prepared a multitude of NaxMnO2（x=0.7,0.8,0.9） cathode materials with varying P2/O'3 ratios and further investigated their electrochemical performances.The optimized Na0.8MnO2comprising 69.9 wt%O'3 and 30.1 wt% P2 phase,exhibited relatively balanced specific capacity,Coulombic efficiency and cycle stability.Specifically,it achieved a high specific capacity of 128.9 mAh·g-1with an initia Coulombic efficiency of 98.2%in half-cell configuration The Na0.8MnO2// hard carbon full cell also achieved a high specific capacity of 126.7 mAh·g-1with an initia Coulombic efficiency of 98.9%.Moreover,the capacity fading mechanism was revealed by combining in-situ and ex-situ X-ray diffraction.The findings of this study provide theoretical guidance for further modification design of Mnbased layered cathodes.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Cathode materials Mn-based layered oxides P2/O′3 composites

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Layer Hall effect induced by hidden Berry curvature in antiferromagnetic insulators

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 15-23页

作者： Rui Chen Hai-peng Sun Mingqiang Gu Chun-Bo Hua Qihang Liu Hai-zhou Lu X.C.Xie Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech) International Quantum Academy Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Würzburg School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hubei University of Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking University Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The layer Hall effect describes electrons spontaneously deflected to opposite sides at different layers, which has been experimentally reported in the MnBi2Te4thin films under perpendicular electric fields. Here, we reveal a universal origin of the layer Hall effect in terms of the so-called hidden Berry curvature, as well as material design principles. Hence, it gives rise to zero Berry curvature in momentum space but non-zero layer-locked hidden Berry curvature in real space. We show that, compared to that of a trivial insulator, the layer Hall effect is significantly enhanced in antiferromagnetic topological insulators. Our universal picture provides a paradigm for revealing the hidden physics as a result of the interplay between the global and local symmetries, and can be generalized in various scenarios.

关键词： layerHall effect hidden Berry curvature antiferromagnetic insulator axion insulator, quantum transport

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