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Inhibition of protein degradation increases the Bt protein concentration in Bt cotton

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1897-1909页

作者： Yuting liu Hanjia Li Yuan Chen Tambel Leila.I.M zhenyu liu Shujuan Wu Siqi Sun Xiang Zhang Dehua Chen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Agricultural Research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 13314Sudan

Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)cotton production is challenged by two main problems,i.e.,the low concentration of Bt protein at the boll setting stage and the lowest insect resistance in bolls among all the cotton plant’s ***,increasing the Bt protein concentration at the boll stage,especially in bolls,has become the main goal for increasing insect resistance in *** this study,two protein degradation inhibitors(ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid(EDTA)and leupeptin)were sprayed on the bolls,subtending leaves,and whole cotton plants at the peak flowering stage of two Bt cultivars(medium maturation Sikang 1(SK1))and early maturation Zhongmian 425(ZM425)in 2019 and *** Bt protein content and protein degradation metabolism were *** results showed that the Bt protein concentrations were enhanced by 21.3 to 38.8%and 25.0 to 38.6%in the treated bolls of SK1 and ZM425 respectively,while they were decreased in the subtending leaves of these treated *** the treated leaves,the Bt protein concentrations increased by 7.6 to 23.5%and 11.2 to 14.9%in SK1 and ZM425,*** combined application of EDTA and leupeptin to the whole cotton plant increased the Bt protein concentrations in both bolls and subtending *** Bt protein concentrations in bolls were higher,increasing by 22.5 to 31.0%and 19.6 to 32.5%for SK1 and ZM425,*** organs treated with EDTA or/and leupeptin showed reduced free amino acid contents,protease and peptidase activities and significant enhancements in soluble protein *** results indicated that inhibiting protein degradation could improve the protein content,thus increasing the Bt protein concentrations in the bolls or/and leaves of cotton ***,the increase in the Bt protein concentration without yield reduction suggested that these two protein degradation inhibitors may be applicable for improving insect resistance in cotton production.

关键词： Bt cotton Bt protein inhibition of protein degradation protein degradation metabolism

Novel method for the recognition of Jinnan cattle action using bottleneck attention enhanced two-stream neural network

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 203-210页

作者： Wangli Hao Meng Han Kai Zhang Li Zhang Wangbao Hao Fuzhong Li zhenyu liu School of Software Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhong 030801ShanxiChina Yuncheng National Jinnan Cattle Genetic Resources and Gene Protection Center Yongji 044500ShanxiChina Yongji Puzhou Old City Beimenwai Cattle Farm Yongji 044500ShanxiChina College of Engineering Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhong 030801ShanxiChina

Effective and accurate action recognition is essential to the intelligent breeding of the Jinnan ***,there are still several challenges in the current Jinnan cattle action *** methods are based on manual characteristics and low recognition *** study is aimed at the efficient and accurate development of Jinnan cattle action recognition methods to overcome existing problems and support intelligent *** acquired data from the previous methods contain a lot of noise,which will cause individual cattle to have excessive behaviors due to *** the high labor costs,low efficiency,and low model accuracy of the above approaches,this study developed a bottleneck attention-enhanced two-stream(BATS)Jinnan cattle action recognition *** primarily comprises a Spatial Stream Subnetwork,a Temporal Stream Subnetwork,and a Bottleneck Attention *** can capture the spatial-channel dependencies in RGB and optical flow two branches respectively,so as to extract richer and more robust ***,the decision of the two branches can be fused to gain improved cattle action recognition *** with the traditional methods,the model proposed in this study has achieved state-of-the-art recognition performance,and the accuracy of motion recognition was 96.53%,which was 4.60%higher than other *** method significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of behavior recognition and provides an important research foundation and direction for the development of higher-level behavior analysis models in the future development of smart animal husbandry.

关键词： Jinnan cattle action recognition bottleneck attention two-stream neural network

Acupuncture with different frequencies for tobacco dependence: a randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年

作者： CHEN Shumin liu zhenyu JI Jia WANG Yingying YANG Jinsheng CHANG Jin LI Zhihua Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of different acupuncture frequencies on the abstinence rate which could be used as a reference for optimizing acupuncture cessation ***: From July 2018 to June 2022， a total of 220 smokers were recruited based on inclusion criteria and randomly divided into the high-frequency acupuncture group (HF group， n = 110): 5 times a week from the 1st to the 4th week， from weeks 5 to 8， three times a week and the low-frequency acupuncture group (LF group， n = 110): 3 times a week from the 1st to the 4th week， from weeks 5 to 8， twice a week， then treated for 8 weeks and follow-up at 1 month in ***: In total， 162 subjects completed the whole study with a drop-out rate of 20.45%. The expiratory CO point abstinence rate was HF group 53/110 (48.18%) vs LF group 41/110 (37.27%) in Week 8 (P = 0.102) and HF group 46/110 (41.82%) vs LF group 45/110 (40.91%) in Week 12 (P = 0.891) and the HF acupuncture and LF acupuncture were nearly equal in the 8-week abstinence rate. In addition， both HF and LF acupuncture significantly reduced Fagerstr?m test for nicotine dependence scale (FTND) scores (P < 0.05)， Minnesota nicotine withdrawal scale (MNWS) scores (P < 0.05)， and Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges scale (QSU-Brief) scores (P < 0.05)， but HF acupuncture showed some superiority over LF acupuncture in relieving patients' smoking cravings (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The study initially showed that both high-frequency acupuncture and low-frequency acupuncture treatment were safe and effective on smoking cessation for 8 weeks， but high-frequency acupuncture was advantageous in reducing smoking cravings. More accurate acupuncture frequency needs to be validated through larger clinical studies to optimize acupuncture smoking cessation programs.

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Optimizing the Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)protein concentration in cotton:Coordinated application of exogenous amino acids and EDTA to reduce spatiotemporal variability in boll and leaf toxins

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3419-3436页

作者： zhenyu liu Shu Dong Yuting liu Hanjia Li Fuqin Zhou Junfeng Ding Zixu Zhao Yinglong Chen Xiang Zhang Yuan Chen Dehua Chen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of GrainCrops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China The UWA Institute of Agriculture School of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009WAAustralia

During the boll formation stage,cotton bolls exhibit the lowest expression of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)insecticidal *** to insects varies notably among different organs,which poses challenges for controlling cotton ***,an experimental strategy was designed in the 2020-2021 cotton growing season to coordinate the enhancement of protein synthesis and the attenuation of *** Bt cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum,namely the hybrid Sikang 3 and the conventional Sikang 1,were used as test *** treatments were applied at the peak flowering period:CK(the control),T1(amino acids),and T2(amino acids and EDTA).The results show that,in comparison to the CK group,the Bt protein contents were significantly increased in both cotton bolls and their subtending leaves under the T1 and T2 *** maximum levels of increase observed were 67.5%in cotton bolls and 21.7%in ***,the disparity in Bt protein content between cotton bolls and their subtending leaves notably decreased by 31.2%.Correlation analysis suggested that the primary physiological mechanisms for augmenting Bt protein content involve increased protein synthesis and reduced protein catabolism,which are independent of Bt gene expression *** regression and path analysis revealed that elevating the soluble protein content and transaminase activity,while reducing the catabolic enzyme activities,are instrumental in enhancing the Bt protein ***,the coordinated application of amino acids and EDTA emerges as a strategy that can improve the overall resistance of Bt cotton and mitigate the spatiotemporal variations in Bt toxin concentrations in both cotton bolls and leaves.

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum Bt cotton insecticidal protein bolls and their subtending leaves nitrogen metabolism

The spectrum of rare monogenic diseases in patients with premature coronary artery disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第10期137卷 1246-1248页

作者： Yaqun Teng Tian Du Siqin Feng Ran Tian Yaping liu Jian Guo Lei Wang Zhiyu Zhang Xiaodong Luan Shan He Shengsheng Zhuang Yifei Wang Shuyuan Zhang Shi Chen zhenyu liu Shuyang Zhang Department of Cardiology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare diseasePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Internal Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Basic Medical Sciences Tsinghua University School of MedicineBeijing 100084China Department of Breast Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdong 510060China McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China Department of Cardiology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health CommissionPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Research Center for Behavior Medicine in Growth and DevelopmentBeijing 100730China

To the Editor:The global burden of premature coronary artery disease(CAD)is increasing among the young *** CAD generally refers to the occurrence of obstructive coronary atherothrombotic lesions in men and women aged<55 years and<65 years,respectively,and particularly in those aged<45 years.[1]The incidence of CAD in the younger population has remained stable or has increased,despite the declining incidence in older *** with premature CAD have a poor long-term prognosis,experiencing a high rate of recurrent ischemic events,rapid progression to multivessel disease,and frequent premature death.[1]Thus,it is crucial to identify the underlying causes of premature CAD that are distinct from those of age-related CAD and improve patient outcomes through precise diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： premature younger precise

Optimizing the Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) protein concentration in cotton: Coordinated application of exogenous amino acids and EDTA to reduce spatiotemporal variability in boll and leaf toxins

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期 3419-3436页

作者： zhenyu liu Shu Dong Yuting liu Hanjia Li Fuqin Zhou Junfeng Ding Zixu Zhao Yinglong Chen Xiang Zhang Yuan Chen Dehua Chen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University The UWA Institute of Agriculture School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia

During the boll formation stage, cotton bolls exhibit the lowest expression of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) insecticidal proteins. Resistance to insects varies notably among different organs, which poses challenges for controlling cotton bollworms. Consequently, an experimental strategy was designed in the 2020–2021 cotton growing season to coordinate the enhancement of protein synthesis and the attenuation of degradation. Two Bt cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum, namely the hybrid Sikang 3 and the conventional Sikang 1, were used as test *** treatments were applied at the peak flowering period: CK(the control), T1(amino acids), and T2(amino acids and EDTA). The results show that, in comparison to the CK group, the Bt protein contents were significantly increased in both cotton bolls and their subtending leaves under the T1 and T2 treatments. The maximum levels of increase observed were 67.5% in cotton bolls and 21.7% in leaves. Moreover, the disparity in Bt protein content between cotton bolls and their subtending leaves notably decreased by 31.2%. Correlation analysis suggested that the primary physiological mechanisms for augmenting Bt protein content involve increased protein synthesis and reduced protein catabolism, which are independent of Bt gene expression levels. Stepwise regression and path analysis revealed that elevating the soluble protein content and transaminase activity, while reducing the catabolic enzyme activities, are instrumental in enhancing the Bt protein content. Consequently, the coordinated application of amino acids and EDTA emerges as a strategy that can improve the overall resistance of Bt cotton and mitigate the spatiotemporal variations in Bt toxin concentrations in both cotton bolls and leaves.

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季度经营信息披露与审计收费——非财务信息披露监管创新的溢出效应研究

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外国经济与管理 2024年第5期46卷 104-119页

作者：刘珍瑜李璇刘浩上海立信会计金融学院会计学院上海201620 上海申银万国证券研究所有限公司上海200002 上海财经大学会计与财务研究院上海200433

本文利用上海证券交易所强制要求相关行业上市公司按季度披露经营数据这一政策变化,构建双重差分(DID)模型对季度经营信息披露与审计收费的关系进行检验。研究发现,季度经营信息披露后,审计师对公司的审计收费显著降低。机制检验表明,... 详细信息

本文利用上海证券交易所强制要求相关行业上市公司按季度披露经营数据这一政策变化,构建双重差分(DID)模型对季度经营信息披露与审计收费的关系进行检验。研究发现,季度经营信息披露后,审计师对公司的审计收费显著降低。机制检验表明,审计收费下降的现象更可能出现在季度经营信息披露前审计投入和审计风险较高的公司中。截面研究进一步发现,季度经营信息中披露产销量指标的公司、能力较弱的事务所审计的公司及民营企业的审计收费下降更为显著。本文的研究结论说明,季度经营信息披露这一非财务信息监管创新对审计市场带来了积极的溢出影响,从外部监管视角为审计市场变革提供了重要启示。

关键词：信息披露经营信息审计收费监管创新

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烯烃聚合用二亚胺催化剂的研究进展

合成树脂及塑料 2024年第2期41卷 72-77页

作者：王琪宋昊刘振宇中国石油化工股份有限公司茂名石化分公司研究院广东茂名525011

综述了近几年烯烃聚合用α-二亚胺催化剂的研究进展,聚焦于配体结构的修饰,包括空间效应和电子效应的调控策略,以及配体结构变化对催化剂活性和热稳定性的影响。调控α-二亚胺配体的轴向位阻可达到提高催化剂活性、热稳定性,聚合物相对... 详细信息

综述了近几年烯烃聚合用α-二亚胺催化剂的研究进展,聚焦于配体结构的修饰,包括空间效应和电子效应的调控策略,以及配体结构变化对催化剂活性和热稳定性的影响。调控α-二亚胺配体的轴向位阻可达到提高催化剂活性、热稳定性,聚合物相对分子质量,以及调节支化度的目的。在适当的空间位阻下,引入不同电子效应的取代基对配体进行结构修饰同样也可提高α-二亚胺催化剂的性能。

关键词：烯烃聚合 α-二亚胺催化剂 “链行走”机理催化剂活性热稳定性

基于数据融合与知识推理的机器人装配单元数字孪生建模方法研究

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机械工程学报 2024年第5期60卷 36-50页

作者：刘达新王科刘振宇许嘉通谭建荣浙江大学计算机辅助设计与图形学国家重点实验室杭州310027 设计工程及数字孪生浙江省工程研究中心杭州310027

目前机器人作业任务规划通常依赖于人为手动示教与离线编程,这往往需要操作人员花费大量的时间精力对机器人的操作流程进行定义与程序编写。为了进一步提高机器人装配作业任务规划的自主性和高效性,提出一种基于数据融合与知识推理的机... 详细信息

目前机器人作业任务规划通常依赖于人为手动示教与离线编程,这往往需要操作人员花费大量的时间精力对机器人的操作流程进行定义与程序编写。为了进一步提高机器人装配作业任务规划的自主性和高效性,提出一种基于数据融合与知识推理的机器人装配单元数字孪生建模方法,研究机器人装配单元从物理空间到虚拟空间的高保真映射,为后续机器人在数字孪生环境下的自主动态装配作业奠定基础。将机器人装配单元数字孪生模型分为机器人与工艺工装、产品以及机器人装配过程三个部分,并分别提出了基于虚实映射的机器人与工艺工装数字孪生建模方法、融合多源异构数据的产品数字孪生建模方法以及基于知识推理的机器人装配作业过程数字孪生建模方法,在此基础上实现机器人装配作业任务的快速规划和仿真验证。最后将所提方法应用在某款步进电机的机器人装配作业任务规划中,验证了提出的方法在实际应用场景下的有效性。

关键词：数字孪生工业机器人装配建模任务规划