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Insight into the formation of iodinated tr ihalomethanes dur ing chlor ination,monochloramination, and dichloramination of iodide-containing water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 285-294页

作者： Shuang Zhang Yi-Li Lin Tian-Yang Zhang Chen-Yan Hu Zhi Liu zheng-yu dong Meng-yuan Xu Bin Xu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water EnvironmentMinistry of EducationCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering“National”Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyKaohsiung 824Chinese Taipei College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China

In this study, the formation of iodinated trihalomethanes(I-THMs) was systematically evaluated and compared for three treatment processes-(i) chlorination,(ii) monochloramine, and(iii) dichloramination-under different p H conditions. The results demonstrated that ITHM formation decreased in the order of monochloramination > dichloramination > chlorination in acidic and neutral p H. However, the generation of I-THMs increased in the dichloramination < chlorination < monochloramination order in alkaline condition. Specifically, the formation of I-THMs increased as p H increased from 5 to 9 during chlorination and monochloramination processes, while the maximum I-THM formation occurred at pH 7 during dichloramination. The discrepancy could be mainly related to the stability of the three chlor(am) ine disinfectants at different p H conditions. Moreover, in order to gain a thorough insight into the mechanisms of I-THM formation during dichloramination, further investigation was conducted on the influencing factors of DOC concentration and Br/Imolar ratio. I-THM formation exhibited an increasing and then decreasing trend as the concentration of DOC increased from 1 to 7 mg-C/L, while the yield of I-THMs increased with increasing Br/Imolar ratio from 5:0 to 5:10. During the three processes mentioned above, similar I-THM formation results were also obtained in real water, which indicates that the excessive generation of I-THMs should be paid special attention during the disinfection of iodide-containing water.

关键词： Inorganic chloramine Iodinated trihalomethanes(I-THMs) Chlorination Monochloramination Dichloramination Bromide to iodide ratio

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Micropollutant removal and disinfection byproduct control by sequential peroxymonosulfate-UV treatment in water: A case study with sulfamethoxazole

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 141-150页

作者： Tian-Yang Zhang Yong-Shan Lu Zhen-Ning Luo Wen-Jun Sun Bin Xu Chen-Yan Hu yu-Lin Tang zheng-yu dong Xiao-Meng Ren State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water EnvironmentMinistry of EducationCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China PLA Naval Medical Center Shanghai 200433China

UV/peroxymonosulfate(UV/PMS) advanced oxidation process has attracted significant attention for removal of micropollutants in water. However, during practical water treatment applications, the PMS treatment must be performed before the UV treatment to achieve full contact. In this study, sulfamethoxazole(SMX) was selected as the target micropollutant. Four different operational approaches, including UV alone, PMS alone, simultaneous UV/PMS and sequential PMS-UV, were compared for their differences in SMX removal and disinfection by-product(DBP) formation potentials during chlorine-driven disinfection. Among the four approaches, UV/PMS and PMS-UV achieved over 90% removal efficiencies for SMX without substantial differences. For raw water, the trichloronitromethane(TCNM) formation potential after treatment with PMS-UV was lower than that after UV/PMS treatment. The time interval over which the PMS-UV process was conducted had little effect on the final removal efficiency for SMX. However, a brief(5 min) pre-PMS treatment significantly reduced the TCNM formation potential and the genotoxicity from DBPs. The formation risk for TCNM during chlorination increased markedly with increasing PMS dosages, and the appropriate dosage under these experimental conditions was suggested to be 0.5–1.0 mmol/L. Under alkaline conditions, PMS-UV treatment can enhance SMX degradation as well as dramatically reduced the formation potentials for haloketones, haloacetonitriles and halonitromethanes. This study suggests that proper optimization of UV/PMS processes can remove SMX and reduce its DBP formation.

关键词： Peroxymonosulfate-UV(PMS-UV) Sulfamethoxazole(SMX) Disinfection by-products(DBPs) Operational approaches Water treatment

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PAA-capped GdF3 nanoplates as dual-mode MRI and CT contrast agents

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Science Bulletin 2015年第12期60卷 1092-1100,I0002页

作者： Xiao-yu zheng Ling-dong Sun Tao zheng Hao dong Yang Li Ye-FuWang Chun-Hua Yan Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsPKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials andBioinorganic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Aiming at improving the sensitivity and accu- racy 9f diagnosis, the combination of magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） and X-ray computed tomography （CT） in a single probe is in urgent need. Here, we report the devel- opment of polyacrylic acid （PAA）-capped GdF3 nanoplates （NPs） as novel MRI and CT dual-mode contrast agents （CAs） with high longitudinal relaxivity （rl） and large X-ray attenuation coefficient. Uniform GdF3 rhombic NPs were fabricated by controlling reaction conditions and intro- ducing dopants. The average size of GdF3 NPs is （10.6 ：k 1.1） nm in long diagonal, （7.0 -t- 0.8） nm in short diagonal, and （4.2 -4- 1.2） nm in thickness. Ligand-exchange treat- ment was performed to render the NPs water-dispersible. The rl of PAA-capped GdF3 NPs （15.8 L/（mmol s）） is four times higher than that of clinically used Gd-DTPA. We suppose that the high r~ value originates from the con- struction of two-dimensional （2D） nanostructures, which endows nanocrystals with larger surface areas and longer rotational correlation time than those of sphere nanostruc- tures with the same volume. The CT contrast enhancement ability of PAA-capped GdF3 NPs was evaluated in com- parison with clinically used Iohexol. The above results suggest that the PAA-capped GdF3 NPs could serve as CAs for MRI and CT dual-mode imaging.

关键词： Nanoplates GdF3 Contrast agent MRI CT

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Cross-Reference Benchmarks for Translating the Genetic Soil Classification of China into the Chinese Soil Taxonomy

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Pedosphere 2006年第2期16卷 147-153页

作者： SHI Xue-zheng yu dong-Sheng YANG Guo-Xiang WANG Hong-Jie SUN Wei-Xia DU Guo-Hua State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210008 （China）.

Soil classification is the foundation for exchange and extension of research findings in soil science and for modern management of soil resources. This study explained database and research methodology to create a cross-reference system for translating the Genetic Soil Classification of China (GSCC) into the Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST). With the help of the CST keys, each of the 2 540 soil species in GSCC has been interpreted to its corresponding soil order, suborder, great group, and sub-group in CST. According to the methodology adopted, the assigned soil species have been linked one another to their corresponding polygons in the 1:1000000 digital soil map of China. Referencibility of each soil species between the GSCC and CST systems was determined statistically on the basis of distribution area of each soil species at a high taxon level of the two systems. The soils were then sorted according to their maximum referencibility and classified into three categories for discussion. There were 19 soil great groups in GSCC with maximum referencibility > 90% and 22 great groups between 60%-90%. These soil great groups could serve as cross-reference benchmarks. There were 19 great groups in GSCC with maximum referencibility < 60%, which could be used as cross-reference benchmarks until new and better results were available. For these soils, if the translation was made at a lower soil taxon level or on a regional basis, it would improve their referencibility enabling them to serve as new cross-reference benchmarks.

关键词： 1:1 000 000 soil map of China cross-reference benchmark CST GSCC referencibility

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Small modifications of endo-functionalized cavities lead to large changes in molecular interaction in water

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 369-376页

作者： Song-Meng Wang Hao Nian Yan-Fang Wang Li-Shuo zheng yu-Tao zheng Yi-Wei dong Liping Huang Xiaoping Wang Wei Jiang Liu-Pan Yang Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal ResourcesGuangxi Normal University School of Pharmaceutical Science Hengyang Medical School University of South China

Studying molecular recognition in aqueous environments is crucial for understanding biological processes. Herein, we present a series of N-doped endo-functionalized anthracene-based cavities by introducing inward-directed pyridine units. The subtle modifications can significantly affect the binding properties of these receptors, which is similar to the mutations in biological systems. Combining theoretical calculations and molecular recognition experiments demonstrated that these “mutations” have an impact on the hydrophobicity and charge distribution of the hosts, consequently significantly influencing molecular *** is crucial for understanding the intricate mechanisms of molecular-level interactions in biological receptors.

关键词： host-guest interaction hydrophobic effect endo-functionalized cavity mutation pyridine

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CNKSR2 interactome analysis indicates its association with the centrosome/microtubule system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2420-2432页

作者： Lin Yin Yalan Xu Jie Mu yu Leng Lei Ma yu zheng Ruizhi Li Yin Wang Peifeng Li Hai Zhu dong Wang Jing Li Institute for Translational Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityMedical CollegeQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina School of Basic Medicine Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina College of Life Sciences and School of PharmacyMedical CollegeQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Urology Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

The protein connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 2(CNKSR2),present in both the postsynaptic density and cytoplasm of neurons,is a scaffolding protein with several protein-binding *** of the CNKSR2 gene have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders,particularly intellectual disability,although the precise mechanism involved has not yet been fully *** has demonstrated that CNKSR2 plays a role in facilitating the localization of postsynaptic density protein complexes to the membrane,thereby influencing synaptic signaling and the morphogenesis of dendritic ***,the function of CNKSR2 in the cytoplasm remains to be *** this study,we used immunoprecipitation and high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the interactors of *** a combination of bioinformatic analysis and cytological experiments,we found that the CNKSR2 interactors were significantly enriched in the proteome of the *** also showed that CNKSR2 interacted with the microtubule protein DYNC1H1 and with the centrosome marker *** colocalization analysis confirmed the centrosomal localization of *** we downregulated CNKSR2 expression in mouse neuroblastoma cells(Neuro 2A),we observed significant changes in the expression of numerous centrosomal *** manipulation also affected centrosome-related functions,including cell size and shape,cell proliferation,and ***,we found that CNKSR2 interactors were highly enriched in de novo variants associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum *** findings establish a connection between CNKSR2 and the centrosome,and offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder centrosome CNKSR2 intellectual disability interactome mass spectrometry microtubule neurodevelopmental disease protein complexes protein-protein interactions

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Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of an Industry-Based Peri-Urban Area in Wuxi, China

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Pedosphere 2007年第1期17卷 44-51页

作者： ZHAO Yan-Feng SHI Xue-zheng HUANG Biao yu dong-Sheng WANG Hong-Jie SUN Wei-Xia I. OEBOERN K. BLOMBACK State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） Department of Soil Science the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE-75007 Uppsala （Sweden） Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 （China）

In industry-oriented peri-urban areas, the heavy metal accumulation in soils caused by industrialization has become a potential threat. The top soil samples from 27 paddy fields and 75 vegetable fields were collected from a typical industry- based peri-urban area of about 8 km^2 in Wuxi, China, to study the accumulation and distribution of As, Hg, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cd in comparison with heavy metal contents in soils near developed industrial sites （Guangzhou, China; Wallsend Burn of Tyneside, UK; and Osnabrück, Germany）. Kriging interpolation was used to determine the metals, spatial distribution. The results showed that most soils, compared to the background values, contained elevated contents of As, Hg, Cu, Zn, and Pb with some having elevated contents of Cd and Cr. Except for less than 10% of the soil samples of Cu, Zn and Cd contents, these heavy metal contents were lower than the soil threshold levels of the Grade Ⅱ criteria for the Chinese environmental quality standard. Probably, because of the scattered distribution and diversity of industries in the study area, spatial distributions of these heavy metals from Kriging interpolation indicated little similarity. Nevertheless, when compared with other areas in the Taihu Lake region, mean contents of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd were relatively high in the Wuxi peri-urban area. Additionally, compared to soils in agricultural areas around Guangzhou, Osnabrück, or Wallsend Burn, contents of most heavy metals in soils from this area were lower.

关键词： agricultural soil heavy metals peri-urban area spatial distribution

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河南省平顶山市乡村医生继续医学教育的现状研究

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中国卫生事业管理 2018年第6期35卷 452-454页

作者：郑宇东平顶山学院河南平顶山467000

目的:从我国农村卫生队伍的建设出发,探讨乡村医生的继续教育和培训。方法:通过走访座谈和随机抽样方法,对平顶山市的部分乡村医生进行问卷调查。结果:数量已达要求,基本满足需要。年轻人偏少,缺乏梯队。学历层次偏低,以中专为主。执业... 详细信息

目的:从我国农村卫生队伍的建设出发,探讨乡村医生的继续教育和培训。方法:通过走访座谈和随机抽样方法,对平顶山市的部分乡村医生进行问卷调查。结果:数量已达要求,基本满足需要。年轻人偏少,缺乏梯队。学历层次偏低,以中专为主。执业资格转化缓慢,执业化程度亟待提高。学医途径多样,县卫校居多。所学专业,临床医学为主。培训内容主要为临床技能,用药知识和预防保健知识等。结论:乡村医生教育要向专科方向发展。促进医学院校与县、乡卫生机构构建培训基地的运行机制。发挥市场机制,畅通农村卫生人才流动渠道。

关键词：乡村医生继续医学教育现状

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基于近地遥感系统的小麦玉米冠层RVI和NDVI获取影响因素分析

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光谱学与光谱分析 2021年第8期41卷 2578-2585页

作者：郑裕东徐云成严海军郑永军中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院北京100083 中国农业大学工学院北京100083

以大型喷灌机为平台的近地遥感技术可有效观测作物的生长状态,对田间生产管理和作物水肥需求特性等研究具有十分重要的意义。由于在遥感观测过程中,作物冠层具有二向反射特性,因此不同观测方式会影响遥感观测结果。通过自行搭建的近地... 详细信息

以大型喷灌机为平台的近地遥感技术可有效观测作物的生长状态,对田间生产管理和作物水肥需求特性等研究具有十分重要的意义。由于在遥感观测过程中,作物冠层具有二向反射特性,因此不同观测方式会影响遥感观测结果。通过自行搭建的近地遥感系统模拟大型喷灌机平台的实地观测条件,使用双通道光谱传感器获取小麦与玉米冠层的光谱反射率信息,引入变异系数CV对由冠层二向反射特性引起的信息数据变幅进行量化,并采用影响因素权重W分析各观测参数对数据变幅的影响程度。通过获取2019年冬小麦返青期至灌浆期、夏玉米V7—V14生育期的冠层近红外波段(810 nm)和红光波段(650 nm)的反射率数据,分析多种观测因素对比值植被指数(RVI)数据和植被归一化指数(NDVI)数据的影响。结果表明,观测高度(0.5~2.5 m)、观测频率(2~60次·min^(-1))和移动速度(0~4 m·min^(-1))与观测结果无显著相关关系(p>0.05),观测时刻(8:00—18:00)、观测天顶角(-60°~60°)和观测方位角(0°~180°)与观测结果相关关系极为显著(p<0.01);小麦和玉米的冠层RVI、NDVI数据获取结果主要取决于冠层覆盖程度,在相同叶面积指数(LAI)情况下观测结果也会因观测时刻、观测方位角和观测天顶角的差异而受到不同程度的影响;冠层光谱反射率信息二向反射特性明显,小麦冠层RVI和NDVI变异系数分别为15%~50%和2%~50%,玉米冠层RVI和NDVI变异系数分别为10%~33%和18%~39%;进行观测时,应尽量选择在太阳天顶角较稳定的12:00—14:00时段,并尽量缩短观测时长,还应选择固定的观测角度,注意阴影效应与热点效应的影响;此外,在小麦返青至拔节期、抽穗至扬花期获取RVI和NDVI时,还应分别注意观测天顶角、观测时刻对测量精度的干扰。研究结果可为快速获取高精度的小麦、玉米冠层光谱反射率数据提供技术支撑。

关键词：冠层光谱反射率近地遥感 RVI NDVI 二向反射特性

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Precise gradient separation of nanoparticles using reduced graphene oxide-polyoxomolybdate membranes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 209-216页

作者： Yixin Yang Wanlei Zhao Ruoxuan zheng Hongqiang Li Wei Chen yu-Fei Song State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering

The purification and size sieving of nanoparticles （NPs） represents a significant scientific ***,the r GO-polyoxometalates (POMs=PMo12,Mo132and Mo368) membranes were fabricated successfully via a simple and scalable POMsassisted in-situ photoreduction *** the mass ratio of r GO to PMo12was 1:30,the resultant r GO-PMo12membranes with highly ordered and uniform nanochannels of 1.0 nm can be obtained,which showed an accurate carbon quantum dots（CQDs） separation with a cut-off size approximately 1.0 *** increase of the size of the interlayered POMs from PMo12（1.0 nm）,{Mo132}（2.9 nm） to{Mo368}（3.8 nm）,the resultant r GO-PMo12,r GO-Mo132and r GO-Mo368exhibited precise gradient separation of CQDs and Au nanoparticles by size exclusion *** results pave a promising way to construct new twodimensional （2D） membranes for highly efficient size-selective separation.

关键词： reduced graphene oxide polyoxometalates membranes gradient separation nanoparticles

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