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Nitrogen recovery from wastewater using microbial fuel cells

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 185-191页

作者： Yong XIAO Yue ZHENG Song WU zhao-hui yang Feng zhao Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

Nitrogen is one of major contaminants in wastewater; however, nitrogen, as bio-elements for crop growth, is the indispensable fertilizer in agriculture. In this study, two-chamber microbial fuel cells （MFCs） were first operated with microorganisms in anode chamber and potassium ferricyanide as catholyte. After being success- fully startup, the two-chamber MFCs were re-constructed to three-chamber MFCs which were used to recover the NO-3 -N and NH＋4 -N of synthetic wastewater into value- added nitrogenous fertilizer from cathode chamber and anode chamber, respectively. Ferric nitrate was used as the sole electron acceptor in cathode, which also was used to evaluate the NO-3 -N recover efficiency in the case major anion of NO3 in cathode. The output voltage of these MFCs was about 600-700 mVat an external load of 500 Ω. About 47% NH＋4 -N in anode chamber and 83% NO-3 -N in cathode chamber could be recovered. Higher current density can selectively improve the recovery efficiency of both NH＋4-N and NO3 -N. The study demonstrated a nitrogen recovery process from synthetic wastewater using three-chamber MFCs.

关键词： nitrogen recovery microbial fuel cells(MFCs) electromigration wastewater treatment

Minimally invasive removal of a deep-positioned cannulated screw from the femoral neck:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第18期9卷 4760-4764页

作者： zhao-hui yang Fu-Shan Hou Yun-Sheng Yin Lei zhao Xiao Liang Department of Orthopaedics Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001Shanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Clinical femoral neck fracture is *** on patient age and fracture type,different surgical methods can be selected,including cannulated screw fixation of the femoral neck and artificial total hip joint or semi-hip joint *** patients with femoral neck fracture are treated with cannulated screw fixation,a cannulated screw may be positioned too *** excessively deep-placed screw is difficult to remove and causes major trauma to the *** SUMMARY A patient with poliomyelitis and femoral neck fracture was treated with a cannulated screw that was placed too deep.A self-made auxiliary tool(made of a steel sternal wire)was used to remove the cannulated screw near the pelvic *** The depth of the cannulated screw can be estimated before screw placement using an improved hollow screwdriver with a scale mark,thus improving the safety of screw placement and facilitating clinical use.

关键词： Cannulated screw Excessively deep-position Femoral neck fracture Minimally invasive removal Case report

Generalized high-order twisted partially coherent beams and their propagation characteristics

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Frontiers of physics 2022年第5期17卷 167-174页

作者： Hai-Yun Wang zhao-hui yang Kun Liu Ya-Hong Chen Lin Liu Fei Wang yang-Jian Cai School of Physical Science and Technology&Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations&Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Devices School of Physics and ElectronicsShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China

Twist phase is a nontrivial statistical phase that only exists in partially coherent fields,which makes the beam carry orbital angular momentum(OAM).In this paper,we introduce a new kind of partially coherent beams carrying high-order twist phase,named generalized high-order twisted partially coherent beams(GHTPCBs).The propagation dynamics such as the spectral density and OAM flux density propagating in free space are investigated numerically with the help of mode superposition and fast Fourier transform(FFT)*** results show that the GHTPCBs are capable of self-focusing,and the beam spot during propagation exhibits teardrop-like or the diamond-like shape in some certain ***,the influences of the twist order and the twist factor on the OAM flux density during propagation are also illustrated in ***,we experimentally synthesize the GHTPCBs with controllable twist phase by means of pseudo-mode superposition and measure their spectral density during *** experimental results agree well with the theoretical *** studies may find applications in nonlinear optics and particle trapping.

关键词： light manipulation statistical optics twist phase coherence structure orbital angular momentum

Study of deep transportation and plugging performance of deformable gel particles in porous media

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 962-973页

作者： Wen-Jing zhao Jing Wang Zhong-yang Qi hui-Qing Liu National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China

Deformable gel particles(DGPs) possess the capability of deep profile control and flooding. However, the deep migration behavior and plugging mechanism along their path remain unclear. Breakage, an inevitable phenomenon during particle migration, significantly impacts the deep plugging effect. Due to the complexity of the process, few studies have been conducted on this subject. In this paper, we conducted DGP flow experiments using a physical model of a multi-point sandpack under various injection rates and particle sizes. Particle size and concentration tests were performed at each measurement point to investigate the transportation behavior of particles in the deep part of the reservoir. The residual resistance coefficient and concentration changes along the porous media were combined to analyze the plugging performance of DGPs. Furthermore, the particle breakage along their path was revealed by analyzing the changes in particle size along the way. A mathematical model of breakage and concentration changes along the path was established. The results showed that the passage after breakage is a significant migration behavior of particles in porous media. The particles were reduced to less than half of their initial size at the front of the porous media. Breakage is an essential reason for the continuous decreases in particle concentration, size, and residual resistance coefficient. However, the particles can remain in porous media after breakage and play a significant role in deep plugging. Higher injection rates or larger particle sizes resulted in faster breakage along the injection direction, higher degrees of breakage, and faster decreases in residual resistance coefficient along the path. These conditions also led to a weaker deep plugging ability. Smaller particles were more evenly retained along the path, but more particles flowed out of the porous media, resulting in a poor deep plugging effect. The particle size is a function of particle size before inject

关键词： Physical simulation Deformable gel particle Breakage Particle size Residual resistance coefficient

Spatial-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of rural settlements in mountainous areas: an example of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Southwestern China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 218-235页

作者： WANG Yumeng DENG Qingchun yang Haiqing LIU hui yang Feng zhao Yakai School of Geographical Sciences China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009China Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Monitoring and Control for Soil Erosion in Dry Valleys China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009China Liangshan Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration in Dry Valleys Observation and Research Station Xide 616753China

Rural settlement is the basic spatial unit for compact communities in rural area. Scientific exploration of spatial-temporal differentiation and its influencing factors is the premise of spatial layout rationalization. Based on land use data of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter referred to as Liangshan Prefecture) in Sichuan Province, China from 1980 to 2020, compactness index, fractal dimension, imbalance index, location entropy and the optimal parameters-based geographical detector(OPGD) model are used to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution of the morphological characteristics of rural settlements, and to explore the influence of natural geographical factors, socioeconomic factors, and policy factors on the spatial differentiation of rural settlements. The results show that:(1) From 1980 to 2020, the rural settlements area in Liangshan Prefecture increased by 15.96 km^(2). In space, the rural settlements are generally distributed in a local aggregation, dense in the middle and sparse around the periphery. In 2015, the spatial density and expansion index of rural settlements reached the peak.(2) From 1980 to 2020, the compactness index decreased from 0.7636 to 0.7496, the fractal dimension increased from 1.0283 to 1.0314, and the fragmentation index decreased from 0.1183 to 0.1047. The spatial morphological structure of rural settlements tended to be loose, the shape contour tended to be complex, the degree of fragmentation decreased, and the spatial distribution was significantly imbalanced.(3) The results of OPGD detection in 2015 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2371) > traffic accessibility(0.2098) > population(0.1403) > regional GDP(0.1325) > elevation(0.0987) > poverty alleviation(0). The results of OPGD detection in 2020 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2339) > traffic accessibility(0.2198) > population(0.1432) > regional GDP(0.1219) > poverty alleviation(0.0992) > elevation(0.093). Natural geographical facto

关键词： Rural settlements Location entropy Geographical detector Spatiotemporal differentiation Influencing factors

Stromal thrombospondin 1 suppresses angiogenesis in oral submucous fibrosis

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 163-172页

作者： Xiao yang hui zhao Rui Li yang Chen Zhi Xu Zhengjun Shang State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of StomatologySchool&Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanChina Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology School of Stomatology–Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanChina Department of Stomatology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina

A decline in mucosal vascularity is a histological hallmark of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), a premalignant disease that is largely induced by betel quid chewing. However, the lack of available models has challenged studies of angiogenesis in OSF. Here, we found that the expression of thrombospondin 1 (THBS1), an endogenous angiostatic protein, was elevated in the stroma of tissues with OSF. Using a fibroblast-attached organoid (FAO) model, the overexpression of THBS1 in OSF was stably recapitulated in vitro. In the FAO model,treatment with arecoline, a major pathogenic component in areca nuts, enhanced the secretion of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 by epithelial cells, which then promoted the expression of THBS1 in fibroblasts. Furthermore, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)were incorporated into the FAO to mimic the vascularized component. Overexpression of THBS1 in fibroblasts drastically suppressed the sprouting ability of endothelial cells in vascularized FAOs (v FAOs). Consistently, treatment with arecoline reduced the expression of CD31in v FAOs, and this effect was attenuated when the endothelial cells were preincubated with neutralizing antibody of CD36, a receptor of THBS1. Finally, in an arecoline-induced rat OSF model, THBS1 inhibition alleviated collagen deposition and the decline in vascularity in vivo. Overall, we exploited an assembled organoid model to study OSF pathogenesis and provide a rationale for targeting THBS1.

关键词： angiogenesis elevated endogenous

Biomimicking synovial joints trans-scale structured AgQDs/MXene/SiOC achieving macroscale high lubrication and superior wear resistance

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 63-73页

作者： Yu zhao hui Mei Peng Chang Yubo yang Laifei Cheng Litong Zhang Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China School of Textile Science and Engineering Xi’an Polytechnic UniversityXi’an710048China

Naturally optimized successful synovial joints with lightweight,high load-carrying,ultra-low friction and wear have attracted tribological communities to constantly imitate and *** impressive advances in cartilage lubrication,extending such extraordinary performance advantages to macroscale solid lubrication remains a ***,inspired by the fascinating interplay of synovial joints,a novel kind of trans-scale hierarchical structured ceramic-based composite was ***-ducing microscale Ag microspheres(AgMs)“cartilage”layer and nanoscale Ag quantum dots/MXene(AgQDs/MXene)“synovial fluid”into the interior and exterior of printed macroscale SiOC“hard bone”realistically restores the gradient structure of synovial joint *** resulted composite with ideal compressive strength(70.44 MPa)can achieve a 60.53%friction reduction and a low wear rate(2.05×10^(−6)mm 3 N^(−1)m^(−1))in dry tribo-contact for 3600 sliding cycles,while also maintaining considerable low friction(∼0.11)over 10,000 sliding cycles and long-term stable lubrication(∼0.13)for up to 50,000 re-ciprocating *** extraordinary performance can be explained by the division of macro contacts,full loading of AgMs and AgQDs/MXene,abrasive debris capture and removal,as well as the shear rolling effect induced by friction *** work opens a new avenue to develop structural lubricating mate-rials for complex engineering applications.

关键词： 3D printing Synovial joints trans-scale structure AgQDs/MXene/SiOC High lubrication Superior wear resistance

Influence of filler characteristics on particle removal in fluid catalytic cracking slurry under an alternating electric field

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2102-2111页

作者： Qiang Li hui-Zhen yang Can yang Qing-Zhu Qiu Wei-Wei Xu zhao-Zeng Liu College of New Energy China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina

The characteristics of the packing material under an alternating electric field are an important factor in the removal of FCCS *** this study,the electric field distribution of a separation unit consisting of packed spheres under an alternating electric field is simulated,and the movement mechanism of catalyst particles is ***"effective contact point"model is derived to predict the adsorption of filler contact points on catalyst particles under the alternating electric field,and the model is validated by simulations and *** numerical calculation and experimental results indicate that the electrical properties of the filler spheres,the filler angleθ,and the frequency f of the alternating electric field affect the adsorption of catalyst *** the frequency of the electric field increases,the particle removal efficiency of the high-conductivity filler(silicon carbide)increases and then settles,and the separation efficiency of the low-conductivity filler(glass,zirconia)is not sensitive to the change in electric field frequency.

关键词： Fluid catalyticcracking slurry(FCCS) Particle AC electric field Fillers Removal

A Comparative Study of the Power-law Relationship between the Pulse width and Energy of Precursor and Main Burst

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 144-168页

作者： hui-Ying Deng zhao-yang Peng Jia-Ming Chen Dan Zhu College of Physics and Electronic Information Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China

In gamma-ray burst prompt emission,there is still no consistent conclusion if the precursor and main burst share the same *** this paper,we try to study this issue based on the relationship between pulse width and energy of the precursor and main *** systematically search the light curve data observed by Swift/BAT and Fermi/GBM,and find 13 long bursts with well-structured precursors and main *** fitting the precursor light curve of each different energy channel with the Norris function,we find that there is not only a power-law relationship between precursor width and energy,but also a power-law relationship between the ratio of the rising width to the decaying width and *** comparing the relationship between the precursors and the main burst pulses,we find that the distribution of the precursors and the relationship between the power-law indices are roughly the same as those of the main *** addition,it is found that the precursor width distribution as well as the upper limit of the pulse width ratio does not exceed 1 and both are asymmetric,which are also consistent with the main *** indicate that the precursor and the main burst are indistinguishable,and the precursor and the main burst may have the same physical origin.

关键词： methods data analysis-(stars) gamma-ray burst general-shock waves