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Education Status of the Chinese Population: An Overview

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China Population Today 2004年第4期21卷 25-31页

作者： ZhengZhenzhen zhangyan LiuShigai ResearchfellowswiththePopulation LaborandEconomyInstituteChineseAcademyofSocialSciences 不详

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中国人群消化系统癌症疾病负担分析

中华流行病学杂志 2024年第5期45卷 633-639页

作者：吕章艳李文轩司国金张雅聪邢梦博黄育北刘奔宋方方宋丰举陈可欣天津医科大学肿瘤医院流行病与生物统计学研究室/天津市肿瘤分子流行病重点实验室/人群重大疾病防控教育部重点实验室/国家恶性肿瘤临床医学研究中心/天津市恶性肿瘤临床医学研究中心天津300060

目的了解中国人群消化系统癌症的发病、死亡情况及不同危险因素所导致的疾病负担的变化趋势。方法资料来源于GLOBOCAN 2020和2019年全球疾病负担研究数据库中的中国人群数据,应用Excel 2019和R 4.2.1软件,采用年龄标化发病率(ASIR)、年... 详细信息

目的了解中国人群消化系统癌症的发病、死亡情况及不同危险因素所导致的疾病负担的变化趋势。方法资料来源于GLOBOCAN 2020和2019年全球疾病负担研究数据库中的中国人群数据,应用Excel 2019和R 4.2.1软件,采用年龄标化发病率(ASIR)、年龄标化死亡率(ASMR)、年龄标化伤残调整寿命年(DALY)率及其变化率等指标,描述消化系统癌症归因于各类危险因素的疾病负担及其变化趋势。结果2020年中国消化系统癌症的ASIR为83.00/10万,ASMR为63.80/10万,发病和死亡例数均随年龄增长而增加,且各年龄组男性消化系统癌症发病及死亡例数均高于女性。1990-2019年中国食管癌、胃癌、肝癌的年龄标化DALY率呈下降趋势(变化率分别为-45.26%、-46.87%、-65.63%),而胰腺癌、结直肠癌、胆囊胆管癌的年龄标化DALY率呈上升趋势(变化率分别为67.61%、30.52%、7.21%),死亡率的变化趋势与DALY率一致。与归因于行为因素的年龄标化DALY率的比例相比,1990-2019年食管癌、肝癌、胰腺癌和结直肠癌归因于代谢因素的年龄标化DALY率占该癌种总年龄标化DALY率的比例均逐年升高。1990-2019年中国胃癌、肝癌、胰腺癌、胆囊胆管癌不同归因的年龄标化DALY率排序无显著变化,但食管癌和结直肠癌年龄标化DALY率的部分归因因素排序有所提前(食管癌:高BMI;结直肠癌:低牛奶摄入、低全谷物摄入)。结论2020年中国消化系统癌症的发病及死亡流行情况严重,1990-2019年中国消化系统癌症归因于代谢因素的疾病负担比例逐年上升,且部分消化系统癌症的疾病负担归因次序发生了显著变化。

关键词：癌症消化系统死亡率伤残调整寿命年危险因素

Analyses of Numerical Responses and Main Life Parameters for Determining the Suppression of Amblyseius cucumeris on Panonychus citri

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第5期4卷 368-375页

作者： zhangyan-xuan LINJian-zhen JIJie CHENXie KANGYu-mei InstituteofPlantProtection FujianAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesFuzhou350013P.R.China InstituteofCropCultivationandRotation FujianAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesFuzhou350013P.R.China

In this paper, the numeral response and main parameters of experimental population life table were analyzed for determining the suppressing ability of Amblyseius cucumeris on Panonychus citri. The result showed that: (1) Under 21-31°C and 1 - 9 prey densities/leaf fragment condition, the prey consumptions of A. cucumeris increased with the temperature or prey density; (2) In 1:3 predator-prey ratio treatment, the suppression of P. citri (Ro=34.0053; T=19.4369; t=3.8204) was rather weak, it was enhanced as the ratio over 5:30, and the populations of P. citri in these treatments can be fully controlled within 4-5 days; (3) Under 25±1°C, 80-85% RH and 15L: 9D illumination conditions, the net reproductive rate, mean generation duration and the time for population double increase of P. citri (Ro=34.0053; T=19.4369; t=3.8204) were higher than those of A. cucumeris (Ro=21.8750; T=16.8943; t=3.7954). While the intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase of the former (rm=0.1814; λ=1.1989) were lower than those of the latter (rm=0.1826; λ=1.2004). These results indicated that A. cucumeris is a desirable bio-control agent to suppress P. citri at lower population stage in citrus orchard.

关键词： Amblyseius cucumeris Panonychus citri Numerical response Parameters of experimental population life table Biological control agent

Studies on Preparation of Onion-like Fullerenes by Vacuum Heat-treatment

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 223-224页

作者： zhangyan HouLi-feng WangXiao-min LiuXu-guang XuBing-she CollegeofMaterialsScienceandEngineering TaiyuanUniversityofTechnologyTaiyuanShanxiChina

Onion-like Fullerenes were produced at high-temperature in vacuum. The morphology of the carbon nano onion-like fullerenes was examined and characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). It can be seen that the nano-sized, onion-like fullerenes possess high degree of graphization. The results suggested that the catalyst is the main factor affecting the size and yield of the fullerenes. The method is very promising for simple mass production.

关键词：球壳状碳分子真空热处理催化剂 HRTEM

Distribution of Sediment Chloroplastic Pigments in the Southern Yellow Sea,China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2005年第2期4卷 163-172页

作者： LIUXiaoshou ZHANGZhinan WUYiping HUANGYong zhangyan CollegeofMarineLifeSciences OceanUniversityofChinaQingdao266003P.R.China CollegeofMarineLifeSciences OceanUniversityofChinaQingdao266003P.R.China／／AgriculturalCollegeLiaochengUniversityLiaochengShandong252000P.R.China

The distribution of sediment chloroplastic pigments (Chl-a, i.e. chlorophylla and Pha-a, i.e. phaeophorbide a) in the Southern Yellow Sea of China was studied. Samples werecollected from four cruises in January and June 2003, and January and June 2004. The results showthat the vertical distribution of Chl-a and Pha-a in the sediment layers 0-2cm, 2-5cm and 5-8cm,follows a stable ratio, 5:3:2. The average ratio of Pha-a to Chl-a in sediment is 2.83. Spearman2-tailed rank correlation analysis shows that Chl-a and Pha-a contents in each sediment layer have ahighly significant correlation. The average contents of Chl-a and Pha-a in the sediment of the0-8cm layer in the investigated area are 0.31-0.47 μg g^(-1) and 1.28-1.40 μg g^(-1) sediment (dryweight), respectively. The average Chl-a and Pha-a contents in sediment are higher in summer thanin winter. ANOVA analysis shows that there is a highly significant variation among the Chl-acontents (P = 0.002 0.05). The average Chl-a and Pha-a contents in the 2 sediment layers (0-2cm and 2-5cm)have significant or highly significant correlations with organic matter (OM), median diameter(Md_φ), silt plus clay percentage in the January 2003 cruise. In the June 2003 cruise, the averageChl-a content in the 3 sediment layers (0-2cm, 2-5cm, and 5-8cm) has a significant correlation withmeiofauna biomass, and Pha-a content has highly significant correlations with water depth, bottomwater temperature, OM and Md_φ. The contents of Chl-a and Pha-a are lower than those in estuariesand intertidal areas, but close to those in the same area studied previously.

关键词： Southern Yellow Sea sediment chlorophyll a phaeophorbide a distribution

Historic Charm of the Old Town of Phoenix

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China & The World Cultural Exchange 2006年第7期72卷 20-23页

作者： Wen Yan zhangyan[photo]

In 1962, New Zealand writer Rewi Alley wrote in an essay after he toured the old town of Phoenix, ＂China has two most beautiful small towns. One is Phoenix in Hunan.＂ His comments were later repeatedly cited by renowned Chinese painter Huang Yongyu and included in Huang＇s essay ＂Landscape in the Sun＂. In his descriptions of his hometown, Phoenix-born writer Shen Congwen wrote, ＂If you take trouble to search on an old map made a hundred years ago, you must find a point marked ＂Zhengan＂ at a remote corner at the border of north Guizhou, east Sichuan and west Hunan provinces.

关键词：湖南古村落凤凰古镇观光旅游

Degradation of Soil Properties due to Erosion on Sloping Land in Southern Jiangsu Province,China

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Pedosphere 2004年第1期14卷 17-26页

作者： zhangyan PENGBu-Zhuo GAOXiang YANGHao LMCP InstituteofSoilScienceChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008（China） DepartmentofUrbanandResourcesScience NanjingUniversityNanjing210093（China）

Soil erosion accelerates soil degradation. Some natural soils and cultivated soils on sloping land in southern Jiangsu Province, China were chosen to study soil degradation associated with erosion. Soil erosion intensity was investigated using the 137Cs tracer method. Soil particle-size distribution, soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were measured, and the effects of erosion on soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed statistically using SYSTAT8.0. Results indicated that erosion intensity of cultivated soils was greater than that of the natural soils, suggesting that cultivation increased soil loss. Erosion also led to an increase of coarser soil particle proportion, especially in natural soils. In addition, silt was the primary soil particle lost due to erosion. However, in cultivated fields, coarser soil particles over time were attributed not only to soil erosion but also to mechanical eluviation as a result of farming activities. Moreover, erosion caused a decrease in soil OM, TN and TP as well as thinning of the soil layer.

关键词： ^(137)Cs coarser soils nutrients soil degradation soil layer

Qualitative Difference Between HMW-GS 5+10 and 2+12 NILs of Four Spring Wheat Cultivars with High-Quality Genetic Background

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2004年第8期3卷 568-574页

作者： LǖXiao-bo zhangyan-bin SONGQing-jie LIUDan-ning ZHANGChun-li ZHAOHai-bin BiotechnologyResearchCenter HeilongjiangAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesHarbin150086P.R.China CropBreedingInstitute HeilongjiangAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesHarbin150086P.R.China

To investigate the effect of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) 5+10 inhigh quality spring wheat, four near-isogenic lines (NILs) developed by 6 consecutivebackcrosses sharing the same genetic background and differing only at the Glu-D1 locusin each pair were employed in this study. The results showed that gluten indexes were allincreased by 3.1-27.7% (P<0.01) after the 5+10 subunits introduced into the fourcultivars. Their stability time was increased by 128, 104, 233 and 36%, where the maximumresistance raised by 130, 56.04, 95.10 and 16.33% in Kefeng6, Longmai20, Longfumai10and Xiaobingmai33, respectively.

关键词： Wheat Quality HMW-GS Near-isogenic lines

Comparison of antileukemic immunity mediated by dendritic cells derived from multidrug resistant leukemia K562/A02 cells and sensitive K562 cells

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Chinese Medical Journal 2005年第7期118卷 595-597页

作者： zhangyan-ming ZHANGLian-sheng ZHANGYu-fang CHAIYe YILiang-cai SONGFei-xue DepartmentofHematologyandOncology SecondHospitalofLanzhouUniversityLanzhou730030China

Dendritic cells (DCs), as the most potent antigen presenting cells in vivo, are central to generating specific immune responses and can be used as important vectors in antitumour immunity.~1 DCs loaded with tumour antigens can induce specific antitumour response in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a product of mdr1 gene, widely overexpressed in many multidrug resistant (MDR) tumour cells, is a main mechanism that makes tumour cells escape from death induced by chemotherapeutic agents. However, this drug efflux protein may also be regarded as the antigen to active cellular immunity. It has been demonstrated that

关键词： dendritic cells multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein leukemia immunity