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酿酒葡萄细胞壁多糖组分研究进展

食品安全导刊 2024年第15期 155-161页

作者：姬欣欣张军翔高宇宁夏大学食品科学与工程学院宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院

酿酒葡萄细胞壁成熟涉及果胶、纤维素、半纤维素等一系列多糖大分子组分的结构调控，同时酿酒葡萄品种、栽培处理与气候等因素也会影响果实成熟过程中细胞壁多糖的结构演化。酿酒葡萄成熟过程及酿造过程中细胞壁多糖组分的结构变化会影... 详细信息

酿酒葡萄细胞壁成熟涉及果胶、纤维素、半纤维素等一系列多糖大分子组分的结构调控，同时酿酒葡萄品种、栽培处理与气候等因素也会影响果实成熟过程中细胞壁多糖的结构演化。酿酒葡萄成熟过程及酿造过程中细胞壁多糖组分的结构变化会影响葡萄酒的品质。本文结合国内外研究进展，简要阐述了酿酒葡萄果实结构及其成熟过程中细胞壁多糖组分的微观修饰机制，同时讨论了葡萄品种、气候、栽培处理对酿酒葡萄果实细胞壁多糖的影响。此外，归纳了酿造过程中不同工艺处理下细胞壁多糖的降解机制，以期为酿酒葡萄细胞壁多糖的进一步研究提供理论参考。

关键词：酿酒葡萄果实细胞壁成熟多糖

3株商业克鲁维酵母对贺兰山东麓赤霞珠干红葡萄酒增酸效果及酒品质的影响

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食品科学技术学报 2024年第4期42卷 61-74页

作者：孙文静陈建胜束超朱佳祺张军翔宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院宁夏银川750001 宁夏君祥葡萄酒庄有限公司宁夏银川750001 宁夏大学葡萄与葡萄酒教育部工程中心宁夏银川750001

为探究商业化的克鲁维酵母对葡萄酒增酸效果及酒品质的影响,以贺兰山东麓的赤霞珠葡萄为原料,选取了3株商业化的克鲁维酵母:2株耐热克鲁维酵母(Lachancea thermotolerans,1株商品名Excellence X-FRESH,简称“卓越X”;1株商品名ZYMAFLORE... 详细信息

为探究商业化的克鲁维酵母对葡萄酒增酸效果及酒品质的影响,以贺兰山东麓的赤霞珠葡萄为原料,选取了3株商业化的克鲁维酵母:2株耐热克鲁维酵母(Lachancea thermotolerans,1株商品名Excellence X-FRESH,简称“卓越X”;1株商品名ZYMAFLORE OMEGALT,简称“ZO”)和1株乳酸克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces thermotolerans,商品名CV E-7,简称“CV E-7”),将它们与酿酒酵母(商品名Excellence XR,简称“XR”)以10∶1的接种量进行顺序发酵实验。分析了3株克鲁维酵母对葡萄酒中有机酸含量、基本理化指标、香气成分组成及感官特性的不同影响。结果表明,卓越X酒样和CV E-7酒样具有显著的增酸效果,特别是乳酸的质量浓度有所提高。所有接种克鲁维酵母的葡萄酒的基本理化指标均符合GB/T 15037—2006要求。卓越X酒样和CV E-7酒样的紫红色色调有显著提高(P<0.05)。相比仅使用酿酒酵母的对照组酒样,混菌发酵制得的酒样中香气化合物种类更丰富,质量浓度更高,尤其是乳酸乙酯、高级醇和脂肪酸的总质量浓度有显著提高(P<0.05)。对OAV大于1的香气活性化合物进行主成分分析,表明卓越X酒样具有更丰富的酯类化合物、高级醇和脂肪酸;CV E-7酒样增加了癸醛、2,3-丁二酮、己酸异戊酯等化合物的质量浓度;ZO酒样中酯类化合物丰富并且异戊醇质量浓度较高。主观评价结果表明,卓越X酒样和CV E-7酒样的得分较高,其次是ZO酒样,最低是未混菌发酵的对照组。研究表明,3株商业克鲁维酵母对贺兰山东麓“赤霞珠”葡萄酒品质都具有积极影响,特别是卓越X和CV E-7的增酸效果良好,可作为贺兰山东麓低酸赤霞珠原料的增酸菌株。希望研究可为赤霞珠葡萄酒的增酸酿造技术提供参考,为葡萄酒品质的提高提供理论依据。

关键词：克鲁维酵母增酸赤霞珠葡萄酒品质

Copper Indium Sulfide Enables Li-CO_(2)Batteries with Boosted Reaction Kinetics and Cycling Stability

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第5期6卷 372-380页

作者： Lin Chen Jingwen Zhou junxiang zhang Guicai Qi Bin Wang Jianli Cheng Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Yangtze Delta Region Institute Institute of Fundamental and Frontiers SciencesUniversity of Electronic Sciences and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 313001China Institute of Fundamental and Frontiers Sciences University of Electronic Sciences and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloon Hong Kong China

High energy density Li-CO_(2)batteries have attracted much attention owing to the"two birds with one stone"feature in fixing greenhouse gas CO_(2)and providing renewable ***,poor reversibility of the discharge product Li_(2)CO_(3)is one of the main problems that limit its application,resulting in poor cycling stability and severe ***,copper indium sulfide(CIS),a semiconducting non-precious metal sulfide,is fabricated as cathode catalysts for high-performance Li-CO_(2)*** with the synergistic effect of bimetallic valence bonding and coordinated electron transfer,Li-CO_(2)batteries using CIS cathodes exhibit high full specific discharge capacity,excellent rate capability and cycle stability,namely it delivers a high specific full discharge capacity of 8878μAh cm^(-2),runs steadily from 10 to 100μA cm^(-2),and performs a stable long-term cycling behavior(>1050 h)under a high energy efficiency of 84%and a low charge voltage of approximately 3.4 V at 20μA cm^(-2)within 100μAh cm^(-2).In addition,a flexible Li-CO_(2)pouch cell is constructed to reveal the potential of employing CIS to fabricate flexible high energy storage devices in practical *** work shows a promising development pathway toward next-generation sustainable energy storage devices.

关键词： copper indium sulfides cycling stability Li-CO_(2)batteries reaction kinetics

FreestandingMo_(3)N_(2) nanotubes for long-term stabilized 2e−intermediate-based high energy efficiency Li-CO_(2) batteries

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SusMat 2023年第2期3卷 276-288页

作者： Guicai Qi junxiang zhang Jianli Cheng Bin Wang Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsChengduChina Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina

Li–CO_(2) batteries are considered one of the promising power sources owing to ultrahigh energy density and carbon ***,the sluggish reaction kinetics of 4e−discharged process(Li_(2)CO_(3))impede its potential *** of the efficient strategies for developing cathode catalysts is to stabilize 2e−intermediate Li_(2)C_(2)O_(4) and improve reaction ***,longterm catalysts of stabilized Li_(2)C_(2)O_(4) are barely achieved,whereas cycle stability is far from satisfactory ***,non-noble metal–based Mo_(3)N_(2) is synthesized and employed as freestanding cathodes for Li–CO_(2) *** to rich delocalized electrons of Mo^(2+)and reversible electron localization structure,freestanding Mo_(3)N_(2) cathodes exhibit a low charge potential(3.28 V)with an ultralow potential gap(0.64 V),high energy efficiency of up to 80.46%,fast rate capability,and outstanding cycle stability(>910 h).In situ experiments and theoretical calculation verify that Mo_(3)N_(2) stabilizes 2e−Li_(2)C_(2)O_(4) intermediate by the interaction of Mo^(2+)as active sites where Mo^(2+)promotes the transfer of outer electrons to O,prevents its disproportionation to Li_(2)CO_(3),and promotes reaction kinetics,contributing to high energy efficiency and outstanding cycle *** addition,the pouch-cells deliver ultrahigh energy density of up to 6350.7W h kg^(−1) based on the mass of cathode materials.

关键词： carbon-free freestanding high energy efficiency Li-CO_(2)batteries Mo_(3)N_(2)nanotubes

Effects of micro-oxygenation on the aroma of Cabernet Sauvignon wine from Ningxia,China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第4期15卷 251-263页

作者： Zhong zhang Qingchen zhang Huiqing Wang Hongchuan Xia Lijun Sun junxiang zhang School of Life Sciences Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China College of Pharmacy University of FloridaGainesville FL32610USA School of Agriculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China School of Food and Wine Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China China Wine Industry Technology Institute Yinchuan 750021China

Micro-oxygenation (MOX) is an effective post-harvest technique for the flavor improvement of grape wine. This study investigated the effect of MOX on the aroma quality of Ningxia wine for the first time. Three sub-region Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wines were treated with different levels of oxygen before or after malolactic fermentation. The wine aroma was analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) after six months of aging. The data obtained demonstrated that the dose and timing of oxygen addition were key factors influencing the effectiveness of MOX. The most noticeable modifications in wine aroma compounds were generated by an oxygen dosage of 30 (mL/L)/month added before malolactic fermentation. Predominantly, the concentrations of 2-phenylethanol, benzaldehyde, diacetyl, and 2,3-pentanedione showed an increased pattern upon MOX treatments. The sensory analysis revealed that MOX improved the aroma quality of wine by decreasing green and animal odors, meanwhile enhancing the olfactory intensities of dried fruits, flowers, and nuts. This work confirmed that MOX was suitable for aroma modification of Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine from Ningxia and established a preliminary MOX procedure that can serve as a reference for future applications.

关键词： grape wine micro-oxygenation volatile organic compounds aroma profiles Ningxia

Pump quantum efficiency optimization of 3.5 μm Er-doped ZBLAN fiber laser for high-power operation

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2023年第4期16卷 13-23页

作者： Lu zhang Shijie Fu Quan Sheng Xuewen Luo junxiang zhang Wei Shi Jianquan Yao Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Technology Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

976 nm+1976 nm dual-wavelength pumped Er-doped ZBLAN fiber lasers are generally accepted as the preferred solution for achieving 3.5μm ***,the 2μm band excited state absorption from the upper lasing level(^(4 )F_(9/2)→^(4)F_(7/2))depletes the Er ions population inversion,reducing the pump quantum efciency and limiting the power *** this work,we demonstrate that the pump quantum efciency can be efectively improved by using a long-wavelength pump with lower excited state absorption rate.A 3.5μm Er-doped ZBLAN fber laser was built and its performances at diferent pump wavelengths were experimentally investigated in detail.A maximum output power at 3.46μm of~7.2 W with slope efciency(with respect to absorbed 1990 nm pump power)of 41.2%was obtained with an optimized pump wavelength of 1990 nm,and the pump quantum efciency was increased to 0.957 compared with the 0.819 for the conventional 1976 nm pumping *** power scaling was only limited by the available 1990 nm pump power.A numerical simulation was implemented to evaluate the cross section of excited state absorption via a theoretical ftting of experimental *** potential of further power scaling was also discussed,based on the developed model.

关键词： Fiber laser Mid-infrared Er-doped ZBLAN fiber Dual-wavelength pumping

A splice site mutation in the FvePHP gene is associated with leaf development and f lowering time in woodland strawberry

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Horticulture Research 2023年第1期10卷 274-287页

作者： Baotian Wang Weijia Li Kexin Xu Yingying Lei Di Zhao Xue Li junxiang zhang Zhihong zhang Liaoning Key Laboratory of Strawberry Breeding and Cultivation College of HorticultureShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang110866China Laboratory of Protected Horticulture(Shenyang Agricultural University) Ministry of EducationShenyang110866China Institute of Carbon Materials Science Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong037009China Analytical and Testing Center Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang110866China

Leaves and f lowers are crucial for the growth and development of higher *** this study we identified a mutant with narrow leaf lets and early f lowering(nlef)in an ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized population of woodland strawberry(Fragaria vesca)and aimed to identify the candidate *** analysis revealed that a single recessive gene,nlef,controlled the mutant *** found that FvH4_1g25470,which encodes a putative DNA polymeraseαwith a polymerase and histidinol phosphatase domain(PHP),might be the candidate gene,using bulked segregant analysis with whole-genome sequencing,molecular markers,and cloning analyses.A splice donor site mutation(C to T)at the 5-end of the second intron led to an erroneous splice event that reduced the expression level of the full-length transcript of FvePHP in mutant *** was localized in the nucleus and was highly expressed in *** of FvePHP using the virus-induced gene silencing method resulted in partial developmental defects in strawberry *** of the FvePHP gene can largely restore the mutant *** expression levels of FveSEP1,FveSEP3,FveAP1,FveFUL,and FveFT were higher in the mutants than those in‘Yellow Wonder’plants,probably contributing to the early f lowering phenotype in mutant *** results indicate that mutation in FvePHP is associated with multiple developmental *** results aid in understanding the role of DNA polymerase in strawberry development.

关键词： straw PHP narrow

人工智能在医学教育、科研和临床实践中的应用前景与挑战

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中华全科医学 2024年第7期22卷 1085-1089页

作者：张俊祥李传富吕维富蚌埠市第二人民医院医学影像中心安徽蚌埠233000 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院数字化影像技术实验室安徽合肥230031 中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)影像科安徽合肥230002

人工智能是集多学科之大成的理论、技术、方法和应用系统,旨在模拟、延伸和扩展人类的智能,被认为是一个“加强人类”的工具。人工智能已经广泛渗透到各行各业和普通人的日常生活中,正在逐渐改变人类的工作和生活方式,并将深远地影响着... 详细信息

人工智能是集多学科之大成的理论、技术、方法和应用系统,旨在模拟、延伸和扩展人类的智能,被认为是一个“加强人类”的工具。人工智能已经广泛渗透到各行各业和普通人的日常生活中,正在逐渐改变人类的工作和生活方式,并将深远地影响着社会和经济的发展。人工智能应用于医学教育、科研和临床实践,可以提高质量、提升效率、提振效果、增进效益,具有巨大的应用潜力和光明的发展前景。在医学教育中,人工智能可以整合资源、辅助教学、模拟临床学习环境、监控教学质量、学生自我评估、实现个性化学习;在医学科研中,人工智能能够进行海量数据挖掘与处理、辅助新药研发、预测疾病发展趋势和风险、辅助实验设计、结果分析和论文撰写、担当“科研助理”的角色;在临床医疗中,人工智能在辅助临床诊疗、支持临床决策、推动基层医疗“同质化”、患者监护、疾病预防、慢病随访、康复辅助、健康管理等方面颇具潜力。当然,目前人工智能在医学领域的应用也面临着多维度的挑战和困境,如隐私保护、数据安全、技术滥用、多学科融合、成本控制、法律与伦理问题等。可以预见,随着科技的进步以及相关配套法律法规和政策的完善,人工智能一定会在医学教育、科研和临床实践中发挥越来越重要的作用。

关键词：人工智能医学教育医学科研临床医疗实践

Dynamic leakage mechanism of gas drainage borehole and engineering application

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第3期28卷 505-512页

作者： zhang junxiang Li Bo Sun Yuning School of Energy Science and Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454003 China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454003 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Safety Production of Henan Province Jiaozuo 454003 China State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Gas Drainage & Ground Control of Deep Mines Henan Polytechnic University fiaozuo 454003 China

Borehole leakage not only affects the gas drainage effect but also presents considerable risk to human security. For the research on the leakage mechanism of gas drainage borehole, the rheological and visco-elastic-plastic characteristics were considered to establish the mechanical model of coal mass around borehole, which is used to analyze the leakage mechanism and deduce the dynamic leakage model. On the basis of the real coal seam conditions, the variation rules of the stress, leakage ring, and air leakage amount were analyzed through numerical simulation, and the influence factors of air leakage amount were also investigated to provide the theoretical basis for the sealing technology. Results show that the air leakage amount of borehole is inversely proportional to the increase in supporting stress and sealing length, and directly correlated with the increase in borehole radius and softening modulus. Using theoretical analysis, we design a novel active supporting sealing technology that can use grouting material to seal the fractures to reduce the leakage channels and also provide supporting stress to prevent borehole deformation. The engineering test results indicate that the average gas concentration with the novel active supporting sealing technology is increased by 162.12% than that of traditional polyurethane sealing method. Therefore, this technology not only effectively resolves borehole leakage but also significantly improves the gas drainage effect.

关键词：排水效果煤气地上机制工程机械模型穿漏