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Constructal design of a rectangular parallel phase change microchannel in a three-dimensional electronic device

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1381-1390页

作者： zhang jiwen FENG HuiJun CHEN LinGen GE YanLin Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China College of Power Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan430033China Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Chemical Equipment Wuhan430205China School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China

Based on constructal theory,a rectangular parallel phase change microchannel model in a three-dimensional electronic device(TDED)is established with R134a as the cooling fluid.Based on the minimization of a complex function(CF)composed of linear weighting sum of maximum temperature difference and pumping power consumption,constructal design of the TDED is conducted first;and then,maximum temperature difference and pumping power consumption are minimized by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II methods.The results reveal that there exist an optimal mass flow rate(0.0012 kg/s)and a quadratic optimal aspect ratio(AR)(0.39)of the microchannel which lead to quadratic minimum CF(0.817).Compared with the original value,the CF after optimization is reduced by 18.34%.Reducing the inlet temperature of cooling fluid and microchannel number appropriately can help to enhance the overall performance of TDED.By using the artificial neural network and genetic algorithms in the toolboxes of Matlab software,the optimal AR gained in the Pareto solution set is located between 0.2–0.45.The smallest deviation index among three discussed strategies is 0.346,and the corresponding optimal AR is 0.413,which is selected as the optimal design strategy of the microchannel in the TDED under multiple requirements.The findings in this study can serve as theoretical guides for thermal designs of electronic devices.

关键词： constructal theory parallel microchannel evaporation phase change three-dimensional electronic device multi-objective optimization artificial neural network

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Machine Learning Analysis of Impact of Western US Fires on Central US Hailstorms

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1450-1462页

作者： Xinming LIN jiwen FAN Yuwei zhang ZJason HOU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA 99354USA Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL 60439USA

Fires,including wildfires,harm air quality and essential public services like transportation,communication,and utilities.These fires can also influence atmospheric conditions,including temperature and aerosols,potentially affecting severe convective storms.Here,we investigate the remote impacts of fires in the western United States(WUS)on the occurrence of large hail(size:≥2.54 cm)in the central US(CUS)over the 20-year period of 2001–20 using the machine learning(ML),Random Forest(RF),and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGB)methods.The developed RF and XGB models demonstrate high accuracy(>90%)and F1 scores of up to 0.78 in predicting large hail occurrences when WUS fires and CUS hailstorms coincide,particularly in four states(Wyoming,South Dakota,Nebraska,and Kansas).The key contributing variables identified from both ML models include the meteorological variables in the fire region(temperature and moisture),the westerly wind over the plume transport path,and the fire features(i.e.,the maximum fire power and burned area).The results confirm a linkage between WUS fires and severe weather in the CUS,corroborating the findings of our previous modeling study conducted on case simulations with a detailed physics model.

关键词： wildfire severe convective storm hailstorm machine learning

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Establishment of an indirect immunofluorescence assay for the detection of African swine fever virus antibodies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 228-238页

作者： Wan Wang Zhenjiang zhang Weldu Tesfagaber jiwen zhang Fang Li Encheng Sun Lijie Tang Zhigao Bu Yuanmao Zhu Dongming Zhao State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention National African Swine Fever Para-reference LaboratoryNational High Containment Facilities for Animal Diseases Control and PreventionHarbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150069China College of Veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150069China

African swine fever(ASF)continues to cause enormous economic loss to the global pig industry.Since there is no safe and effective vaccine,accurate and timely diagnosis of ASF is essential to implement control measures.Indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA)is a gold standard serological method recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH).In this study,we used primary fetal kidney cells to establish a wild boar cell line(BK2258)that supported the efficient replication of ASF virus(ASFV)SD/DY-I/21 and showed visible cytopathic effect(CPE).Moreover,using BK2258,we established a sensitive and specific IFA for ASFV antibody detection.To standardize and evaluate the performance of this assay,we used serum samples from pigs infected with the low virulent genotype I SD/DY-I/21 and genotype II HLJ/HRB1/20,and immunized with the vaccine candidate HLJ/18-7GD,field samples,and negative serum samples.The IFA reacted with the ASFV-positive sera and displayed bright fluorescence foci.There was no non-specific green fluorescence due to cellular senescence or other cell damage-causing factors.Compared to a commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(iELISA),ASFV antibodies were detected 1–4 days earlier using our IFA.The detection limits of the IFA and iELISA for the same ASFV-antibody positive serum samples were 1:25,600 and 1:6,400,respectively,indicating that the IFA is more sensitive than iELISA.The newly established IFA was highly specific and did not cross-react with sera positive for six other important porcine pathogens(i.e.,Classical swine fever virus(CSFV),Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),Porcme circovirus type 2(PCV2),Pseudorabies virus(PRV),Foot-and-Mouth disease virus type O(FMDV/O),and Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)).This study thus provides a sensitive,specific,and reliable detection method that is suitable for the serological diagnosis of ASF.

关键词： African swine fever antibody IFA serological method

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Visualization of nasal powder distribution using biomimetic human nasal cavity model

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 392-404页

作者： Jiawen Su Yan Liu Hongyu Sun Abid Naeem Huipeng Xu Yue Qu Caifen Wang Zeru Li Jianhua Lu Lulu Wang Xiaofeng Wang Jie Wu Lixin Sun jiwen zhang Zhigang Wang Rui Yang Li Wu Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM Ministry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation School of PharmacyMinistry of EducationYantai UniversityYantai 264005China Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Nantong Haimen People’s Hospital Nantong 226199China Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute Nantong 226126China Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 100000China Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023China

Nasal drug delivery efficiency is highly dependent on the position in which the drug is deposited in the nasal cavity.However,no reliable method is currently available to assess its impact on delivery performance.In this study,a biomimetic nasal model based on three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction and three-dimensional printing(3DP)technology was developed for visualizing the deposition of drug powders in the nasal cavity.The results showed significant differences in cavity area and volume and powder distribution in the anterior part of the biomimetic nasal model of Chinese males and females.The nasal cavity model was modified with dimethicone and validated to be suitable for the deposition test.The experimental device produced the most satisfactory results with five spray times.Furthermore,particle sizes and spray angles were found to significantly affect the experimental device’s performance and alter drug distribution,respectively.Additionally,mometasone furoate(MF)nasal spray(NS)distribution patterns were investigated in a goat nasal cavity model and three male goat noses,confirming the in vitro and in vivo correlation.In conclusion,the developed human nasal structure biomimetic device has the potential to be a valuable tool for assessing nasal drug delivery system deposition and distribution.

关键词： Nasal drug deposition Nasal drug distribution Nasal drug delivery Biomimetic nasal model Nasal powder Three-dimensional reconstruction Three-dimensional printing Nasal drug distribution

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基于机器人建模的航空装配测控仿真分析方法

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清华大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第4期64卷 724-737页

作者：王斌张继文吴丹清华大学机械工程系高端装备界面科学与技术全国重点实验室北京100084

在航空飞机数字化装配过程中,需要对装配环境中的运动调姿机构的运动能力和靶标测量机构的测量能力进行仿真,以确保调姿机构实现给定运动空间的灵活调姿及测量机构实现对目标测量点的无遮挡、高精度测量,从而测控结合完成装配。而航空... 详细信息

在航空飞机数字化装配过程中,需要对装配环境中的运动调姿机构的运动能力和靶标测量机构的测量能力进行仿真,以确保调姿机构实现给定运动空间的灵活调姿及测量机构实现对目标测量点的无遮挡、高精度测量,从而测控结合完成装配。而航空领域常用的仿真平台如DELMIA、CATIA和SA等,目前无法实现结合设备位置规划、运动控制评估和测量场分析的综合仿真。为了在同一体系下实现航空装配数字化测控系统的综合仿真,该文提出一种基于机器人建模的航空装配测控仿真分析方法。将数字化装配环境中的零部件及工装、调姿机构、测量机构、环境干扰物体等关键要素在机器人仿真平台中分别建模为不同的机器人,进而按照装配需求编写控制程序,使系统按照需求控制各个机器人联合运动执行仿真分析,以完成测控算法验证,并可进一步设置动态优化问题对测调参数、测量设备站位等现有仿真平台难仿信息进行优化。以高遮挡环境下的多个激光跟踪仪对大量测量点的联合测量可达性仿真分析和多激光跟踪仪站位仿真规划为例,阐述了测量机构的机器人建模方法、仿真系统的搭建方法、仿真激光测量系统的原理和站位规划的实施方式,验证了所提方法的可行性。该方法简单、高效,当环境改变时可快速重规划。

关键词：航空数字化装配测控仿真方法激光跟踪仪测量可达性站位优化

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A unique subseafloor microbiosphere in the Mariana Trench driven by episodic sedimentation

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 168-181页

作者： jiwen Liu Da-Wei Li Xinxin He Ronghua Liu Haojin Cheng Chenglong Su Mengna Chen Yonghong Wang Zhongsheng Zhao Hanyue Xu zhangyu Cheng Zicheng Wang Nikolai Pedentchouk David J.Lea-Smith Jonathan D.Todd Xiaoshou Liu Meixun Zhao Xiao-Hua zhang Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education/College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography Ministry of Education/Research Vessel CentreOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China School of Environmental Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK School of Biological Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK

Hadal trenches are characterized by enhanced and infrequent high-rate episodic sedimentation events that likely introduce not only labile organic carbon and key nutrients but also new microbes that significantly alter the subseafloor microbiosphere.Currently,the role of high-rate episodic sedimentation in controlling the composition of the hadal subseafloor microbiosphere is unknown.Here,analyses of carbon isotope composition in a~750 cm long sediment core from the Challenger Deep revealed noncontinuous deposition,with anomalous ^(14)C ages likely caused by seismically driven mass transport and the funneling effect of trench geomorphology.Microbial community composition and diverse enzyme activities in the upper~27 cm differed from those at lower depths,probably due to sudden sediment deposition and differences in redox condition and organic matter availability.At lower depths,microbial population numbers,and composition remained relatively constant,except at some discrete depths with altered enzyme activity and microbial phyla abundance,possibly due to additional sudden sedimentation events of different magnitude.Evidence is provided of a unique role for high-rate episodic sedimentation events in controlling the subsurface microbiosphere in Earth’s deepest ocean floor and highlight the need to perform thorough analysis over a large depth range to characterize hadal benthic populations.Such depositional processes are likely crucial in shaping deep-water geochemical environments and thereby the deep subseafloor biosphere.

关键词： Hadal subseafloor Deep water sediment Mariana Trench Radiocarbon Microbial community Redox potential

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Constructal design of a rectangular parallel phase change microchannel in a three-dimensional electronic device

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Science China Technological Sciences 2023年

作者： zhang jiwen FENG HuiJun CHEN LinGen GE YanLin College of Power Engineering Naval University of Engineering Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Chemical Equipment School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology

Based on constructal theory, a rectangular parallel phase change microchannel model in a three-dimensional electronic device(TDED) is established with R134a as the cooling fluid. Based on the minimization of a complex function(CF) composed of linear weighting sum of maximum temperature difference and pumping power consumption, constructal design of the TDED is conducted first; and then, maximum temperature difference and pumping power consumption are minimized by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II methods. The results reveal that there exist an optimal mass flow rate(0.0012 kg/s) and a quadratic optimal aspect ratio(AR)(0.39) of the microchannel which lead to quadratic minimum CF(0.817). Compared with the original value, the CF after optimization is reduced by 18.34%. Reducing the inlet temperature of cooling fluid and microchannel number appropriately can help to enhance the overall performance of TDED. By using the artificial neural network and genetic algorithms in the toolboxes of Matlab software, the optimal AR gained in the Pareto solution set is located between 0.2–0.45. The smallest deviation index among three discussed strategies is 0.346, and the corresponding optimal AR is 0.413, which is selected as the optimal design strategy of the microchannel in the TDED under multiple requirements. The findings in this study can serve as theoretical guides for thermal designs of electronic devices.

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面向松木表面缺陷检测的改进RT-DETR模型

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农业工程学报 2024年第7期40卷 210-218页

作者：胡继文张国梁沈明哲李文浩河北农业大学机电工程学院保定071001 河北农业大学林学院保定071000 河北农业大学智慧木匠创新工作室保定071000 河北省智慧农业装备技术创新中心保定071001

为提高松木表面缺陷检测精确度,保证检测速率,该研究提出一种改进RT-DETR的检测模型RIC-DETR。首先,从木材表面缺陷公开数据集中获取图片,并进行标注及数据增强,构建一个包含13642张图片的表面缺陷数据集;其次,对比VGG11、VGG13、ResNe... 详细信息

为提高松木表面缺陷检测精确度,保证检测速率,该研究提出一种改进RT-DETR的检测模型RIC-DETR。首先,从木材表面缺陷公开数据集中获取图片,并进行标注及数据增强,构建一个包含13642张图片的表面缺陷数据集;其次,对比VGG11、VGG13、ResNet18和VanillaNet13等网络架构,选用计算复杂度低且检测精度较高的ResNet18作为主干特征提取基准网络;然后,引入反向残差移动模块更新ResNet18中的基本块,扩展模型的感受野,改善层间的特征交互;最后,使用EfficientViT模型中的级联分组注意力机制对反向残差移动模块进行二次创新改进,降低计算资源的消耗,提升模型的表达能力。试验结果表明,RIC-DETR的精确率、召回率、平均精度均值分别为95.4%、96.0%、97.2%,均优于目前主流的YOLO系列模型,对比基准模型RT-DETR,RIC-DETR在保持高精度的情况下,参数量、浮点运算量和内存占用量大幅减少,分别降低了54%、57%、52%,同时检测速度可达63.5帧/s。RIC-DETR模型具有复杂度低、准确率高、检测速度快的特点,可为松木的表面缺陷检测提供技术支持。

关键词：木材模型松木表面缺陷检测 RT-DETR RIC-DETR YOLO

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银耳多糖对麦醇溶蛋白纳米体系的影响及复合物的特性研究

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食品与发酵工业 2024年第10期50卷 62-68页

作者：李娜黄霁雯雷敏张朝燕上海海洋大学食品学院上海201306 国家淡水水产品加工技术研发分中心上海201306

该研究是以提高麦醇溶蛋白(gliadin,Gli)纳米颗粒(gliadin nanoparticles,GNPs)稳定性为目标,利用银耳多糖(Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides,TFPs)的乳化性能,探究TFPs添加量对GNPs稳定性的影响。采用反溶剂法制备银耳多糖和麦醇溶蛋白复合载体颗粒(gliadin-Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides composite nanoparticles,G/T NPs),并利用纳米粒度仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、热场发射扫描电镜对G/T NPs的粒径和电位、相互作用、微观结构进行分析。结果表明,TFPs和Gli之间通过静电作用力和氢键作用力相结合,形成GNPs在内、TFPs外层附着的复合颗粒;TFPs的添加能够有效提高GNPs体系的稳定性,减少颗粒之间的聚集,制得的G/T_(4∶1)NPs的平均粒径、多分散指数(polydispersion index,PDI)、ζ-电位分别为(198.5±2.6)nm、0.269±0.005、(36.7±0.6)mV,且具有pH响应性。该研究为后续构建疏水营养成分的包埋和运载体系奠定了基础。

关键词：银耳多糖麦醇溶蛋白反溶剂法复合颗粒热场发射扫描电镜傅里叶变换红外光谱

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NiCoCrFeAlTiMoW合金长期时效过程中γ′相粗化对拉伸性能的影响

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材料工程 2024年第2期52卷 172-179页

作者：刘继文胡朝辉王君阳林雅婷张璐沈阳航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳110136 沈阳航空航天大学航空制造工艺数字化国防重点学科实验室沈阳110136

采用真空电弧熔炼炉制备一种γ′相强化型NiCoCrFeAlTiMoW合金,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)及拉伸试验机研究合金在750,850,950℃下,经200 h长期时效后γ′相的粗化行为与力学性能的演变规律及机制。结果表明:随... 详细信息

采用真空电弧熔炼炉制备一种γ′相强化型NiCoCrFeAlTiMoW合金,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)及拉伸试验机研究合金在750,850,950℃下,经200 h长期时效后γ′相的粗化行为与力学性能的演变规律及机制。结果表明:随时效时间的延长,γ′相在时效过程中始终为球形,γ′相尺寸逐渐增大,且在750,850,950℃均发生凝并现象。合金具有较高的扩散激活能,其值为357 kJ/mol,这主要是由于基体为成分复杂的高熵固溶体,受迟滞扩散效应影响,Al,Ti原子在基体中的扩散变得困难。合金经750℃时效后屈服强度逐渐提高,经850℃时效后的屈服强度先升高后降低,经950℃时效后的屈服强度逐渐降低,合金屈服强度的改变是由γ′相尺寸增加导致合金的沉淀强化机制发生转变所引起的。

关键词： γ´相粗化高熵合金力学性能强化机制

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