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A temporal framework for building up of healthy soils

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 292-296页

作者： Junling zhang jiangzhou zhang Yunlong zhang Guangzhou WANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources College of GrasslandResources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Key Laboratory of Grassland Management and Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of ChinaCollege of Grassland Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Healthy soils are vital for the diverse services provided by ecosystems to human society~[1], such as provisioning(food,fiber, timber, and fuel), regulation(climate, disease, and natural hazards), waste treatment, nutrient cycling, and cultural services. Soil has a three phase system and the interactions between soil chemical, biological, and physical attributes determine functions(hydraulic, thermal, and gas fluxes).

关键词： soils soil cycling

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基于最小数据集的集约化葡萄园土壤健康评价

农业工程学报 2024年第8期40卷 71-79页

作者：王斌李云李瑞鹏方菲张江周张俊伶生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心北京100012 中国农业大学资源与环境学院/国家农业绿色发展研究院/植物-土壤相互作用教育部重点实验室北京100193 福建农林大学资源与环境学院/国际镁营养研究所福州350002

健康土壤是生产高产优质葡萄的基础,目前葡萄园不合理管理导致果园土壤生产力下降和生态失衡。为摸清集约化葡萄园土壤健康状况,该研究以河北省曲周县典型葡萄园为研究对象,通过测定20项土壤物理、化学和生物学指标,利用主成分分析法构... 详细信息

健康土壤是生产高产优质葡萄的基础,目前葡萄园不合理管理导致果园土壤生产力下降和生态失衡。为摸清集约化葡萄园土壤健康状况,该研究以河北省曲周县典型葡萄园为研究对象,通过测定20项土壤物理、化学和生物学指标,利用主成分分析法构建最小数据集,开展土壤健康评价并揭示葡萄园存在的主要障碍因子。结果表明,集约化葡萄园土壤健康评价最小数据集由有机碳、亚表层土壤硬度、交换性钠、容重、含水率和水稳性团聚体6个指标构成。利用线性和非线性评分函数,基于全数据集和最小数据集计算的土壤健康指数间呈显著正相关(P0.05)。集约化葡萄园土壤障碍因子主要有土壤压实、养分不平衡和有机碳含量低等问题。通过适当减少田间管理频率,结合增施(生物)有机肥、种植覆盖作物和养分综合管理能有效消减土壤障碍因子,提升葡萄园土壤健康水平,促进当地葡萄产业可持续发展。

关键词：土壤葡萄园主成分分析最小数据集土壤健康指数

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农田土壤健康评价体系构建的若干思考

土壤学报 2024年第4期61卷 879-891页

作者：张江周王光州李奕赞张文菊张俊伶张福锁福建农林大学资源与环境学院/国际镁营养研究所福州350002 中国农业大学资源与环境学院/国家农业绿色发展研究院/植物-土壤相互作用教育部重点实验室北京100193 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/耕地培育技术国家工程实验室北京100081

健康土壤是保障粮食安全、耕地产能提升和农业高质量发展的基础。目前土壤健康评价已成为全球土壤学领域研究的焦点和热点,国内外学者对于土壤健康评价方法及指标的选择进行了系统总结,然而缺乏具体评价过程中的实操性建议。本文重点剖... 详细信息

健康土壤是保障粮食安全、耕地产能提升和农业高质量发展的基础。目前土壤健康评价已成为全球土壤学领域研究的焦点和热点,国内外学者对于土壤健康评价方法及指标的选择进行了系统总结,然而缺乏具体评价过程中的实操性建议。本文重点剖析了土壤健康的特点与多功能性、评价的通用原则、指标选择的n+X模式及评价方法的选择与落地实现,提出了土壤健康差与基准值、基础指标和约束性指标的选择及指标选择的制宜性,明确了土壤健康指标体系建立需要考虑土壤质地、作物类型、土地利用方式、气候条件等因素,建议土壤健康技术和模式落地实现需要与相关政策结合。未来需要继续开展土壤健康驱动机制和健康土壤培育机理研究;基于长期定位试验和耕地质量长期监测网点,构建基于土壤质地、作物类型、土地利用、管理目标和评价尺度的指标体系和阈值、数据库和决策支持系统;结合相关政策和区域环境的约束性,形成跨区域、跨国家的共识、公约和行动,推动全球土壤健康行动落地和农业可持续发展。

关键词：土壤健康差基础性指标制约性指标制宜性政策

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LARGE-SCALE FARMING BENEFITS SOIL ACIDIFICATION ALLEVIATION THROUGH IMPROVED FIELD MANAGEMENT IN BANANA PLANTATIONS

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第1期10卷 48-60页

作者： Donghao XU jiangzhou zhang Yajuan LI Shiyang LI Siyang REN Yuan FENG Qichao ZHU Fusuo zhang College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Academy of Agriculture Green Development China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Resources and Environment/International Magnesium Institute Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Large-scale farming by agricultural land transfers has been increasingly promoted in recent years,but the possible impacts on crop production,especially cash crops,and soil acidification remain *** study obtained data for 110 banana plantations in Long’an County,China,and categorized them into small(6.7 ha)to determine banana cultivation,nutrient management,and soil acidification rates on farms of the three *** yield per unit area significantly increased with increased farm size,and large farms had the highest average yield(48.9 t·ha^(−1))with the least *** a significant increase in organic fertilizer and base cation inputs,nitrogen(N)surplus did not differ significantly with increasing farm *** large farms,actual soil acidification rate was significantly lower by 19.1 to 24.0 keq·ha^(−1)·yr^(−1);however,potential soil acidification rate increased with increased overuse of ***,larger banana plantations used fewer mineral N fertilizers reducing the rate of soil acidification and increasing the H+buffering provided by organic *** is concluded that larger farms deliver the dual benefits of higher,less variable banana yield and mitigation of soil acidification by substituting organic N for mineral N fertilizers,supporting sustainable soil management and food production.

关键词： plantations land transfer large-scale farming nutrient management soil acidification

Discovery of proqodine A derivatives with antitumor activity targeting NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第1期22卷 75-88页

作者： SONG jiangzhou ZOU Guiqing ZHAO Zhou ZHU Ya XUE Jiayu AO Lanjia SUN Huiyong HAO Haiping zhang Bo XU Xiaowei State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and PharmacokineticsChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China

NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1)is a flavin protease highly expressed in various cancer ***1 catalyzes a futile redox cycle in substrates,leading to substantial reactive oxygen species(ROS)*** ROS generation results in extensive DNA damage and elevated poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1)-mediated consumption of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD^(+)),ultimately causing cell *** phosphoribosyltransferase(NAMPT),the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD^(+)salvage synthesis pathway,emerges as a critical target in cancer *** concurrent inhibition of NQO1 and NAMPT triggers hyperactivation of PARP1 and intensive NAD+*** this study,we designed,synthesized,and assessed a novel series of proqodine A derivatives targeting both NQO1 and *** these,compound T8 demonstrated potent antitumor ***,T8 selectively inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and induced apoptosis through mechanisms dependent on both NQO1 and *** discovery offers a promising new molecular entity for advancing anticancer research.

关键词： NQO1 ROS NAMPT NAD^(+) T8

Isolation of a pollen-specific promoter in tritordeum

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Engineering Sciences 2011年第1期9卷 72-75页

作者： Tu Zhiming zhang jiangzhou Chen Lin Chuan Qin Yang Guangxiao He Guangyuan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education China-UK Joint Lab School of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Medical College Wuhan University Wuhan 430071 China

The promoter is a cis-acting element in regulating gene expression. A promoterless plasmid containing UidA gene was transformed into tritordeum by barmbadment. Histochemical analysis of various tissues in transgenic tritordeum was carried to examine tissue-specific expression of GUS(beta-glucuronidase) activity. The pollen-specific promoter was trapped and identified successfully in a transformant line. PCR(polymerase chain reaction) method was used to isolate this pollen-specific promoter. By sequencing and analyzing the amplified fragment from PCR, a part of UidA gene and a flanking sequence were obtained. Some essential elements of plant promoters were found in the sequence. To determine the function of it, the cloned fragment was fused with UidA gene, then cloned and transformed into Triticum durum. The transgenic plant transformed by this vector showed GUS expression only in pollen. Therefore a pollen-specific promoter was isolated successfully.

关键词： tissue-specific promoter transcription pollen transformation transgene

Anti-Byzantine Attacks Enabled Vehicle Selection for Asynchronous Federated Learning in Vehicular Edge Computing

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China Communications 2024年第8期21卷 1-17页

作者： zhang Cui Xu Xiao Wu Qiong Fan Pingyi Fan Qiang Zhu Huiling Wang jiangzhou School of Internet of Things Engineering Wuxi Institute of TechnologyWuxi 214121China School of Internet of Things Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Qualcomm San Jose CA 95110USA School of Engineering University of KentCT27NT CanterburyU.K

In vehicle edge computing(VEC),asynchronous federated learning(AFL)is used,where the edge receives a local model and updates the global model,effectively reducing the global aggregation *** to different amounts of local data,computing capabilities and locations of the vehicles,renewing the global model with same weight is *** above factors will affect the local calculation time and upload time of the local model,and the vehicle may also be affected by Byzantine attacks,leading to the deterioration of the vehicle ***,based on deep reinforcement learning(DRL),we can consider these factors comprehensively to eliminate vehicles with poor performance as much as possible and exclude vehicles that have suffered Byzantine attacks before *** the same time,when aggregating AFL,we can focus on those vehicles with better performance to improve the accuracy and safety of the *** this paper,we proposed a vehicle selection scheme based on DRL in *** this scheme,vehicle’s mobility,channel conditions with temporal variations,computational resources with temporal variations,different data amount,transmission channel status of vehicles as well as Byzantine attacks were taken into *** results show that the proposed scheme effectively improves the safety and accuracy of the global model.

关键词： asynchronous federated learning byzantine attacks vehicle selection vehicular edge computing

微波消融联合立体定向放疗治疗介入后原发和复发性肝癌的临床研究

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肿瘤防治研究 2014年第6期41卷 649-652页

作者：张江洲龙志雄武汉市第五医院肿瘤二科武汉430050

目的探讨微波消融联合立体定向放疗治疗介入后原发和复发性肝癌的疗效,为临床上原发和复发性肝癌治疗方法的优选提供依据。方法回顾性分析武汉市第五医院近年来收治的106例介入后的原发性大肝癌患者的临床资料。106例患者分为对照组(con... 详细信息

目的探讨微波消融联合立体定向放疗治疗介入后原发和复发性肝癌的疗效,为临床上原发和复发性肝癌治疗方法的优选提供依据。方法回顾性分析武汉市第五医院近年来收治的106例介入后的原发性大肝癌患者的临床资料。106例患者分为对照组(control group,CG)和观察组(observation group,OG),OG组所有病例先行立体定向放疗(适形调强放疗),放疗后采用微波消融治疗。CG组仅行立体定向放疗(适形调强放疗)。比较两组患者的近期疗效、生存率及临床特征的差别。结果对照组53例患者总缓解率为62.26%,观察组总缓解率为79.25%,高于CG组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者治疗期间及治疗后的恶心呕吐、发热、白细胞下降发生率、放射性肝炎及消化道溃疡的发生率比较差异无统计学意义,(P>0.05)。结论微波消融联合立体定向放疗治疗介入后的原发和复发性肝癌疗效可靠,不良反应较轻,值得临床进一步研究推广。

关键词：放射治疗原发性肝癌微波消融临床疗效

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论文抄袭涉及的法律责任问题

中关村 2019年第4期 50-51页

作者：张江洲海淀法院中关村法庭

不久前,知名艺人翟天临因'学位论文事件'陷入舆论风波。关于当事者是否涉及论文抄袭,尚待有关单位的最终认定。同时,事件也引发了社会公众对相关问题的法律思考:论文抄袭在法律层面有无认定标准?论文抄袭都涉及到哪些法律责任?

关键词：法律责任《著作权法》学位授予北京电影学院申请资格论文抄袭实质性相似