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Genesis of ^(2.0)Th excess in basalts from mid-ocean ridges and ocean islands:Constraints from the global U-series isotope database and major and rare earth element geochemistry

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第10期53卷 1486-1494页

作者： zhang guoliang1,2.& zeng zhigang1 1 key laboratory of marine geology and environment,Institute of Oceanology,{2.,Qingdao 2.6071,{4. 2.Graduate University of {2.,Beijing 10004.,{4. 1. key laboratory of {2. {2. and {4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Based on 2.0Th-2.8U disequilibrium and major element data from mid-ocean ridge basalts(MORBs) and ocean island basalts(OIBs),this study calculates mantle melting parameters,and thereby investigates the origin of 2.0Th excess.(2.0Th/2.8U) in global MORBs shows a positive correlation with Fe8,Po,Na8,and Fmelt(Fe8 and Na8 are FeO and Na2. contents respectively after correction for crustal fractionation relative to MgO = 8 wt%,Po=pressure of initial melting and Fmelt=degree of melt),while 2.0Th excess in OIBs has no obvious correlation with either initial mantle melting depth or the average degree of mantle ***,compared with the MORBs,higher(2.0Th/2.8U) in OIBs actually corresponds to a lower melting *** suggests that the 2.0Th excess in MORBs is controlled by mantle melting conditions,while the 2.0Th excess in OIBs is more likely related to the deep garnet *** vast majority of calculated initial melting pressures of MORBs with excess 2.0Th are between 1.0 and 2.5 GPa,which is consistent with the conclusion from experiments in recent years that DU>DTh for Al-clinopyroxene at pressures of >1.0 *** initial melting pressure of OIBs is 2.2.3.5 GPa(around the spinel-garnet transition zone),with their low excess 2.6Ra compared to MORBs also suggesting a deeper mantle ***,excess 2.0Th in MORBs and OIBs may be formed respectively in the spinel and garnet stability *** addition,there is no obvious correlation of K2./TiO2.with(2.0Th/2.8U) and initial melting pressure(Po) of MORBs,so it is proposed that the melting depth producing excess 2.0Th does not tap the spinel-garnet transition *** and MORBs in both(2.0Th/2.8U) vs.K2./TiO2.and(2.0Th/2.8U) *** plots fall in two distinct areas,indicating that the mineral phases which dominate their excess 2.0Th are ***/Yb-Ce curves of fast and slow ridge MORBs are similar,while,in comparison,the Ce/Yb-Ce curve for OIBs shows more influence from *** mechanism

关键词： excess 2.0Th clinopyroxene garnet spinel-lherzolite mid-ocean ridge ocean island

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Elemental and isotopic compositions of the hydrothermal sulfide on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第2期53卷 253-266页

作者： zeng zhigang1,CHEN DaiGeng1,2.YIN XueBo1,WANG XiaoYuan1,{2.,{4. WANG XiaoMei1,2.1 Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of marine geology and environment,Institute of Oceanology,chinese academy of sciences,Qingdao 2.6071,{14. 2.Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 10004.,{14. 1. Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of {2. {4. and {4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China2. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The mineralogical,elemental,and isotopic characteristics of a hydrothermal sulfide sample from one dredge station (12.4.0}30’N,103°54.4.’W,water depth 2.55 m) on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N were *** hydrothermal sulfide was composed mainly of sphalerite,chalcopyrite,and pyrite and was a Zn-rich sulfide;in layer ep-s-1,goethite formed by secondary oxidation was *** concentrations of rare elements,such as Li (0.15×10-6-0.30×10-6),Be (0.01×10-6-0.05×10-6),Zr (73.8×10-9-134.×10-9),Nb (8.14.10-9-64.7×10-9),Hf (2.54.10-9-2..0×10-9),and Ta (0.2.3×10-9-1.2.×10-9),were far lower in the hydrothermal sulfide than in the ocean crust,whereas the content of Au was higher and the contents of Co,Ni,Sr,Cs,Ba,Bi,and U were *** correlations between Zn and Cr,Cd and Ga,Cu and P,P and In (R2.> 0.8) were positive,whereas those between Zn and Fe,Cu,and Ba (R2.> 0.8) were distinctly *** low-temperature mineral assemblages to high-temperature mineral assemblages,the spatial distributions of dispersive and rare elements (***,Li,Cs) in the hydrothermal sulfide displayed corresponding *** variations observed in some elements (e.g.,Cd,Cs,P) are controlled by Zn,Fe,and Cu sulfides,*** weathering accounts for the enrichment of V,Mn,and rare earth elements (REE) in the henna sulfide-oxidation layer that bears the secondary oxide mineral,leading to identical REE patterns for this layer (ep-s-1) and *** weathering also distinctly affects the correlations between the element ratios of the hydrothermal *** high-temperature mineral assemblages to low-temperature mineral assemblages,Fe content and δ 34. value of the hydrothermal sulfide increase gradually,and Zn content and lead isotopic ratios decrease gradually on the contrary,which indicate the influences of seawater on elements and the sulfur and lead isotopic compositions enhance gradually during the formation of hydrothermal sulfides.

关键词： variation element isotopic composition hydrothermal sulfide East Pacific Rise 13oN

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Geochemical and isotopic characteristics of volcanic rocks from the northern East china Sea shelf margin and the Okinawa Trough

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第4期29卷 48-61页

作者： zeng zhigang YU Shaoxiong WANG Xiaoyuan FU Yongtao YIN Xuebo {2. guoliang WANG Xiaomei CHEN Shuai Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of {2. {4. and {4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Volcanic rocks both from the northern East china Sea （NECS） shelf margin and the northern Okinawa Trough are subalkaline less aluminous,and lower in High Field Strength Elements （HFSE）.These rocks are higher in Large Ion Lithophile Elements （LILE）,thorium and uranium contents,positive lead anomalies,negative Nb-Ta anomalies,and enrichment in Light Rare Earth Elements （LREE）.Basalts from the NECS shelf margin are akin to Indian Ocean Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt （MORB）,and rhyolites from the northern Okinawa Trough have the highest 2.7 Pb/ 2.4.Pb and 2.8 Pb/ 2.4.Pb *** NECS shelf margin basalts have lower 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios,ε N d and σ 18 O than the northern Okinawa Trough silicic *** to 4. K– 4. Ar isotopic ages of basalts from the NECS shelf margin,rifting of the Okinawa Trough may have been active since at least 3.65–3.86 *** origin of the NECS shelf margin basalt can be explained by the interaction of melt derived from Indian Ocean MORB-like mantle with enriched subcontinental *** basalts from both sides of the Okinawa Trough may have a similar origin during the initial rifting of the Okinawa Trough,and the formation of basaltic magmas closely relates to the thinning of continental *** source of the formation of the northern Okinawa Trough silicic rocks was different from that of the middle Okinawa Trough,which could have been generated by the interaction of basaltic melt with an enriched crustal *** the Ryukyu island arc to East china,the Cenozoic basalts have apparently increasing trends of MgO contents and ratios of LREE to Heavy Rare Earth Elements （HREE）,suggesting that the trace element variabilities of basalts may have been influenced by the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate,and that the effects of subduction of the Philippine Sea plate on the chemical composition of basaltic melts have had a decreasing effect from the Ryukyu island arc to East china.

关键词： volcanic rocks geochemical characteristics northern East china Sea shelf margin Okinawa Trough

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Origin of a native sulfur chimney in the Kueishantao hydrothermal field, offshore northeast Taiwan

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Science china Earth sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1746-1753页

作者： zeng zhigang1, LIU ChangHua1,2. CHEN ChenTung A3, YIN XueBo1, CHEN DaiGeng1,2. WANG XiaoYuan1,2. WANG XiaoMei1,{2. {2.,2.1 Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of marine geology and environment, Institute of Oceanology, {14., Qingdao 2.6071, china 2.Graduate University of {14., Beijing 10004., china 3 Institute of marine geology and Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804. Taiwan, china 1. Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key laboratory of {2. {4. and {4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. Institute of marine geology and Chemistry National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung 804 Taiwan China

Analyses of rare earth and trace element concentrations of native sulfur samples from the Kueishantao hydrothermal field were performed at the Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity laboratory of the key Labo-ratory of {2. {2. and {4., Institute of Oceanology, {4.. Using an Elan DRC II ICP-MS, and combining the sulfur isotopic compositions of native sulfur samples, we studied the sources and formation of a native sulfur chimney. The results show, when comparing them with native sulfur from crater lakes and other volcanic areas, that the native sulfur content of this chimney is very high (99.96%), the rare earth element (REE) and trace element constituents of the chimney are very low (ΣREE2.×10?9), and the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the native sulfur samples are similar to those of the Kueishantao andesite, implying that the interaction of subseafloor fluid-andesite at the Kueishantao hydrothermal field was of short duration. The sulfur isotopic compo-sitions of the native sulfur samples reveal that the sulfur of the chimney, from H2. and SO2. originated by magmatic degassing and that the REEs and trace elements are mostly from the Kueishantao ande-site and partly from seawater. Combining these results with an analysis of the thermodynamics, it is clear that from the relatively low temperature (4. is favorable for formation of this native sulfur chimney in the Kueishantao hydrothermal field.

关键词： origin,native sulfur chimney,Kueishantao hydrothermal field,northeast Taiwan

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Effects of diatoms on reproduction and growth of marine copepods

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第10期14卷 1-7页

作者： zhang Guangtao 1,2. and SUN Song 1 (1.key {2. of {4. Ecology&environment {4.,Institute of Oceanology,chinese academy of sciences,Qingdao2.6071,china 2.Graduate School,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing100039,china) chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Grad Sch Beijing 100039 Peoples R China

Two hot spots in marine ecology,deleterious effects of diatoms and feeding selectivity of copepods,as well as new progress on these two issues achieved in the recent ten years,are *** two issues are considered correlated *** and their metabolites can induce deleterious effects on growth,reproduction and development of copepods,including increase of mortality and decrease of egg production,hatching and growth *** negative effects,resulting from either chemical toxin or nutritional defi-ciency,can be conquered in natural environments by diverse *** is therefore concluded that deleterious effects of diatoms observed in {2. or during blooming period are only a special case that accommodation of feeding strategy of copepods is *** under-stand their feeding strategy in natural environments is a prerequisite to explaining the mechanisms of deleterious effects caused by diatoms,and makes it possible to re-evaluate the energy flow in marine ecosystems.

关键词： diatoms copepod feeding strategy reproduction deleterious effects

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Paleoenvironments indicated by the fossil mammalian assemblages from red clay-loess sequence in the chinese Loess Plateau since 8.0 Ma B.P.

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第5期49卷 518-530页

作者： XUE Xiangxu1,2. zhang Yunxiang1,2.& YUE Leping1,2.1. State {2. laboratory of Continent Dynamics (Northwest University), Institute of Cenozoic {2. and environment, De- partment of {2., Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, china 2. Institute of Earth environment, State {2. laboratory of Loess and Quaternary {2., {12., Xi’an 710075, china 1. State key laboratory of Continent Dynamics (Northwest University) Institute of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Department of Geology Northwest University Xi’an 710069 China 2. Institute of Earth environment State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China

Information from eleven profiles of eolian earthy red silty clay and loess of the middle of the Late Miocene to Holocene age have been studied and correlated. A complete summary profile with projected isotopic ages and fossil-bearing beds has been assembled. The profile is subdivided into 12.stratigraphic units proceeding from the lower (older) to the upper (younger) one. The character of mammalian assemblages contained in each unit was analyzed and the corresponding pa- leo-climatic environments were deduced. The environmental character of each period and the change from the middle of the Late Miocene at about 8.0 Ma B.P. up to the Holocene progressed from the hot semiarid and semi-moist, warmer-moist, warm-moister of the Late Miocene. To slightly less warm moist, cool-dry, slight-warmer-moister of the Pliocene; later the cool to cold dry periods alternated frequently with the mild semiarid and semi-moist periods of the Quaternary. Vegetation progressed from the grasslands with sparse woods, wooded shrub-grasslands and subtropical forest-grasslands of the Late Miocene age to sparse grasslands and dry grasslands of the Pliocene; and to sparse grasslands, dry grasslands and tundras of the Quaternary. The climate changes in the Neogene were of low-amplitute in a generally warm-humid background. Those of the Quaternary were of higher am- plitude with a longer phase. Cool or cold dry and slightly warm semiarid and semi-moist climates al- ternated on a generally cool-dry background. The tendency since the start of the Quaternary was the change to more northern and western shift in the Loess Plateau, with progressively cooler and dryer conditions. The dramatic uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau and the forming and expansion of the Arctic ice sheet might be the main reasons of the more pronounced changes in the Quaternary.

关键词： paleoenvironment, mammalian fossils, eolian red clay-loess sequence, Loess Plateau.

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A preliminary study on fingerprinting approach in marine sediment dynamics with the rare earth elements

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第4期29卷 62-77页

作者： ZHOU Xiaojing LI Anchun JIANG Fuqing MENG Qingyong key laboratory of {2. {2. ＆ {4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China

Locating the quantitized natural sediment fingerprints is an important work for marine sediment dynamics *** total of 14. sediment samples were collected from the Shelf of the East china Sea and five rivers,including Huanghe （Yellow）,Changjiang （Yangtze）,Qiantang,Ou and Min *** sediment grain size and the contents of rare earth elements （REEs） were measured with laser particle size analyzer and ICP-MS *** results show that absolute REE content （ΣREE） and the concentration ratio of light REEs to heavy REEs （L/HREE） are different in the sediments among those *** are higher REE contents in being less than 2.m and 2.31 μm fractions in the Changjiang Estuary surface *** REE contents of bulk sediment are dominated by the corresponding values of those leading *** of sediment is higher close to the estuaries and declines seaward on the inner shelf of the East china Sea （ECS）.The L/HREE ratio has a tendency of increase southward from 2. ？ *** conditions plays a predominate role on spacial distributions of the surficial sediment’s REE *** some situations,the currents tend to remove the coarser light grains from initial populations,as well as the deposit of the finer heavy mineral *** other situations,the currents will change the ratio of sediment constituents,such as ratio between silts and clays in the *** a result,the various values of REE or L/HREE ratio in different bulk sediments are more affected by the change of size-fractions than source *** the long-term stable hydrodynamic environment,i.e.,the East china Sea Shelf,new sediment transport model based on the size and density gradation concept may help to understand the spatial distribution patterns of REE parameters.

关键词： rare earth elements fingerprints East china Sea Shelf sediment transport

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Spatial variations of tidal water level and their impact on the exposure patterns of tidal land on the central Jiangsu coast

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第1期29卷 79-87页

作者： WANG Zhenyan GAO Shu HUANG Haijun key laboratory of {2. {2. and {4. Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China MOE key laboratory for Coast and Island Development Nanjing University Nanjing 210093China

The exposed area of intertidal zone varies with tidal water level changes, If intercomparisons of satellite images are adopted as a method to determine geomorphological changes of the intertidal zone in response to accretion or erosion processes, then the effect of water level variations must be evaluated. In this study, two Landsat TM images overpassing the central Jiangsu coastal waters on 2.January and 7 March 2.02. respectively, were treated by the changing detection analysis using Image Differencing and Post-classification Comparison. The simultaneous tide level data from four tide gauge stations along the coast were used for displaying the spatial variations of water levels and determining the elevations of waterlines. The results show that the spatial variations of water levels are highly significant in the central Jiangsu coastal waters. The huge differences of tidal land exposure patterns between the two imaging times are related mainly to the spatial variations of tidal water levels, which are controlled by the differences in tidal phases for different imaging times and the spatial variations of water level over the study area at each imaging time. Under complex tidal conditions, e.g., those of the central Jiangsu coastal waters, the tide-surge model should be used to eliminate effectively the effects of water level variations on remote sensing interpretation of geomorphological changes in the intertidal zone.

关键词： waterline water level variations exposure patterns central Jiangsu coast remote sensing

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Modeling the climate effects of different subregional uplifts within the Himalaya-Tibetan Plateau on Asian summer monsoon evolution

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chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第35期57卷 4617-4626页

作者： zhang Ran 1,JIANG DaBang 1,2.3,LIU XiaoDong 4.& TIAN ZhiPing 2.5 1 Climate Change Research Center,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 10002.,{2. 2.Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 10002.,{2. 3 key laboratory of Regional Climate-environment Research for Temperate East Asia,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 10002.,{2. 4.State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary {12.,Institute of Earth environment,chinese academy of sciences,Xi’an 710075,{2. 5 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 10004.,{2. 1. Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 3. key laboratory of Regional Climate-{2. Research for Temperate East Asia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 4. State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary {2. Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China 5. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Considering the different uplifting time of different subregions of the Himalaya-Tibetan Plateau(TP),a series of numerical simulations have been conducted with the Community Atmosphere Model(CAM4. developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research to explore the effects of the phased tectonic uplift of the Himalaya-TP on the evolution of Asian summer *** results show that the uplifts of the Himalaya and northern TP significantly affect the evolutions of South Asian summer monsoon and northern East Asian summer monsoon *** is,the tectonic uplift of the Himalaya intensifies the South Asian summer monsoon circulation and increases the precipitation in South Asia,whereas the uplift of the northern TP intensifies the northern East Asian summer monsoon circulation and increases the precipitation in northern East *** with previous simulations,current comparative analyses of modeling results for different subregional uplifts within the Himalaya-TP help deepen our understanding of the evolutionary history of Asian monsoons.

关键词：青藏高原隆升喜马拉雅亚洲季风高原气候夏季季风次区域隆起演化建模

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Boron isotopic fractionation in laboratory inorganic carbonate precipitation:Evidence for the incorpora-tion of B(OH)_3 into carbonate

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第12期51卷 1776-1785页

作者： XIAO YingKai1,2. LI HuaLing1,3, LIU WeiGuo4. WANG XiuFang1 & JIANG ShaoYong5 1 Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, chinese academy of sciences, Xining 810008, china 2.State {2. {2. of environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, chinese academy of sciences, Guiyang 550002. china 3 Nanjing Institute of geology and Mineral Resources, Nanjing 2.0016, china 4.State {2. {2. of Loess and Quaternary geology, Institute of Earth environment, chinese academy of sciences, Xi’an 710075, china 5 State {2. {2. for Mineral Deposits Research, Department of Earth sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093, china 1. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008 China 2. State key laboratory of {2.al Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China 3. Nanjing Institute of geology and Mineral Resources 210016 Nanjing China 4. State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary {2. Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China 5. State key laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

A laboratory inorganic carbonate precipitation experiment at high pH of 8.96 to 9.34.was conducted, and the boron isotopic fractionations of the precipitated carbonate were measured. The data show that boron isotopic fractionation factors (αcarb-3) between carbonate and B(OH)3 in seawater range 0.937 and 0.965, with an average value of 0.953. Our results together with those reported by Sanyal and collabo-rators show that the αcarb-3 values between carbonate and B(OH)3 in solution are not constant but are negatively correlated with the pH of seawater. The measured boron isotopic compositions of carbonate precipitation (δ11Bcarb) do not exactly lie on the best-fit theoretical δ 11B4.pH curves and neither do they exactly parallel any theoretical δ 11B4.pH curves. Therefore, it is reasonable to argue that a changeable proportion of B(OH)3 with pH of seawater should also be incorporated into carbonate except for the dominant incorporation of B(OH)4. in carbonate . Hence, in the reconstruction of the paleo-pH of sea-water from boron isotopes in marine biogenic carbonates, the use of theoretical boron isotopic frac-tionation factor (α4.3) between B(OH)4. and B(OH)3 is not suitable. Instead, an empirical equation should be established.

关键词： boron isotopic fractionation biogenic carbonate B(OH)3 incorporation

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