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Leakage and diffusion characteristics of underground hydrogen pipeline

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Petroleum 2024年第2期10卷 319-325页

作者： Wenkang zhang guanghui Zhao School of Mechatronic Engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China

Soil corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement are the main factors of hydrogen pipeline failure. The gas escapes, diffuses and accumulates in the soil and enters the atmosphere when leak occurs. The mechanism of gas diffusion in buried pipelines is very complicated. Mastering the evolution law of hydrogen leakage diffusion is conducive to quickly locating the leakage point and reducing the loss. The leakage model of the underground hydrogen pipeline is established in this paper. The effect of leakage hole, soil type, pipeline pressure, pipeline diameter on hydrogen leakage diffusion were investigated. The results show that when the hydrogen pipeline leaks, the hydrogen concentration increases with the increase of leakage time, showing a symmetrical distribution trend. With the pipeline pressure increase, hydrogen leakage speed is accelerated, and longitudinal diffusion gradually becomes the dominant direction. As the leakage diameter increases, hydrogen leakage per unit of time increases sharply. Hydrogen diffuses more easily in sandy soil, and its diffusion speed, concentration, and range are higher than that in clay soil. The research content provides a reference and basis for the detection and evaluation of buried hydrogen pipeline leakage.

关键词： Buried pipeline Hydrogen leakage Diffusion characteristics Numerical simulation

Prospects of sediment deposition at small watershed scale in the black soil region of Northeast China: A mini review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 30-35页

作者： guanghui zhang Yang YANG Yingna LIU Zhiqiang WANG State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Geography Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Sediment deposition is one of the most significant processes in small watersheds characterized by gentle long hillslopes in the black soil(Mollisol)region of Northeast China, as indicated by severe ephemeral gully and gully erosion on hillslopes and very low sediment concentrations in river *** reviews have been conducted to summarize the related research in this region. The objectives of this review were to identify the potential factors influencing sediment deposition, review related studies, and propose future research needs in the black soil region of Northeast China. Sediment deposition is controlled by the deficit between sediment transport capacity of flow and sediment load. Hence, all factors affecting flow transport capacity and sediment load directly affect sediment deposition. For a specific small watershed, the change in slope gradient along the flow path is the key factor affecting sediment deposition. Shelterbelts, ridge tillage systems, terraces, grass strips, road distribution, ponds and reservoirs, and land-use patterns also influence the spatial distribution and rate of deposition. The trace method has been widely used to quantify sediment deposition in this region. The results of cesium-137(^(137)Cs),lead-210(^(210)Pb), and magnetic susceptibility reveal that serious deposition occurs on the back and foot slopes. Distinct deposition occurs in front of contour shelterbelts. Future studies should focus on the methodology, spatial and temporal variations, dominant influencing factors and their mechanisms, and the potential effects on land productivity within specific small watersheds and across the black soil region. This review provides insights into the sediment deposition process in small watersheds characterized by gentle, long hillslopes.

关键词： Mollisol sedimentation soil and water conservation soil erosion soil redistribution

The study of lithographic variation in resistive random access memory

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第5期45卷 69-79页

作者： Yuhang zhang guanghui He Feng zhang Yongfu Li Guoxing Wang Department of Micro-Nano Electronics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Reducing the process variation is a significant concern for resistive random access memory(RRAM).Due to its ultrahigh integration density,RRAM arrays are prone to lithographic variation during the lithography process,introducing electrical variation among different RRAM *** this work,an optical physical verification methodology for the RRAM array is developed,and the effects of different layout parameters on important electrical characteristics are systematically *** results indicate that the RRAM devices can be categorized into three clusters according to their locations and lithography *** read resistance is more sensitive to the locations in the array(~30%)than SET/RESET voltage(<10%).The increase in the RRAM device length and the application of the optical proximity correction technique can help to reduce the variation to less than 10%,whereas it reduces RRAM read resistance by 4×,resulting in a higher power and area *** such,we provide design guidelines to minimize the electrical variation of RRAM arrays due to the lithography process.

关键词： layout lithography process variation resistive random access memory

Elliptical encirclement control capable of reinforcing performances for UAVs around a dynamic target

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 104-119页

作者： Fei zhang Xingling shao Yi Xia Wendong zhang National Key Laboratory for Electronic Measurement Technology School of Instrument and ElectronicsNorth University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China

Most researches associated with target encircling control are focused on moving along a circular orbit under an ideal environment free from external ***,elliptical encirclement with a time-varying observation radius,may permit a more flexible and high-efficacy enclosing solution,whilst the non-orthogonal property between axial and tangential speed components,non-ignorable environmental perturbations,and strict assignment requirements empower elliptical encircling control to be more challenging,and the relevant investigations are still *** this line,an appointed-time elliptical encircling control rule capable of reinforcing circumnavigation performances is developed to enable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)to move along a specified elliptical path within a predetermined reaching *** remarkable merits of the designed strategy are that the relative distance controlling error can be guaranteed to evolve within specified regions with a designer-specified convergence ***,wind perturbations can be online counteracted based on an unknown system dynamics estimator(USDE)with only one regulating parameter and high computational *** tool demonstrates that all involved error variables are ultimately limited,and simulations are implemented to confirm the usability of the suggested control algorithm.

关键词： Elliptical encirclement Reinforced performances Wind perturbations UAVs

Distributed Multicircular Circumnavigation Control for UAVs with Desired Angular Spacing

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 429-446页

作者： Shixiong Li Xingling shao Wendong zhang Qingzhen zhang National Key Laboratory for Electronic Measurement Technology School of Instrument and ElectronicsNorth University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100086China

This paper addresses a multicircular circumnavigation control for UAVs with desired angular spacing around a nonstationary *** defining a coordinated error relative to neighboring angular spacing,under the premise that target information is perfectly accessible by all nodes,a centralized circular enclosing control strategy is derived for multiple UAVs connected by an undirected graph to allow for formation behaviors concerning the moving ***,to avoid the requirement of target’s states being accessible for each UAV,fixed-time distributed observers are introduced to acquire the state estimates in a fixed-time sense,and the upper boundary of settling time can be determined offline irrespective of initial properties,greatly releasing the burdensome communication ***,with the aid of fixed-time distributed observers,a distributed circular circumnavigation controller is derived to force all UAVs to collaboratively evolve along the preset circles while keeping a desired angular *** is inferred from Lyapunov stability that all errors are demonstrated to be *** are offered to verify the utility of proposed protocol.

关键词： Angular spacing Distributed observer Multicircular circumnavigation Moving target UAVs

Designing unimolecular photoinitiator by installing NHPI esters along the TX backbone for acrylate photopolymerization and their applications in coatings and 3D printing

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 417-421页

作者： Yi Zhu Jingyan zhang Yuchao zhang Ying Chen guanghui An Ren Liu Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China Scientific Experiment Center Hangzhou Institute of Medicine(HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310022China

Developing efficient and long wavelength sensitive unimolecular photoinitiators(PIs)is still facing a great *** this work,a series of thioxanthone-based N-hydroxyphthalimide esters(TX-NHPIEs)were synthesized by installing NHPIEs along the TX backbone and *** investigated TX-NHPIEs have a 60 nm redshift and demonstrate sterling initiating efficiency for free radical photopolymerization(FRP)under LED@450 nm light irradiation compared with the commercialized isopropylthioxanthone(ITX).Real-time1Hnuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR),electron spin resonance(ESR),decarboxylation and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC–MS)experiments and density functional theory(DFT)reveal that TX-NHPIEs can generate one alkyl radical and one N-centered iminyl radical,which can initiate FRP directly and indirectly,*** other words,TX-NHPIEs absorb one photon and can generate two active radicals,which break through the limitations of common ***-NHPIE-Cpe demonstrates the highest initiating efficiency,and its application in coatings and 3D printing was also studied,indicating TX-NHPIEs have broad potential applications in photopolymerization processes.

关键词： Photopolymerization Photoinitiator Energy transfer Thioxanthone N-Hydroxyphthalimide ester

Multi-circular formation control with reinforced transient profiles for nonholonomic vehicles:A path-following framework

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 278-287页

作者： Jintao zhang Xingling shao Wendong zhang Zongyu Zuo School of Instrument and Electronics North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Measurement Technology North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Seventh Research Division School of Automation Science and Electrical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

This article investigates a multi-circular path-following formation control with reinforced transient profiles for nonholonomic vehicles connected by a digraph.A multi-circular formation controller endowed with the feature of spatial-temporal decoupling is devised for a group of vehicles guided by a virtual leader evolving along an implicit path,which allows for a circumnavigation on multiple circles with an anticipant angular *** addition,notice that it typically imposes a stringent time constraint on time-sensitive enclosing scenarios,hence an improved prescribed performance control(IPPC)using novel tighter behavior boundaries is presented to enhance transient capabilities with an ensured appointed-time convergence free from any *** significant merits are that coordinated circumnavigation along different circles can be realized via executing geometric and dynamic assignments independently with modified transient ***,all variables existing in the entire system are analyzed to be *** and experimental results are provided to validate the utility of suggested solution.

关键词： Multi-circular formation Reinforced transient profiles Nonholonomic vehicles Path following

Mass transfer enhancement and hydrodynamic performance with wire mesh coupling solid particles in bubble column reactor

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 195-205页

作者： Chuanjun Di Jipeng Dong Fei Gao guanghui Chen Pan zhang Jianlong Li Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Reaction and Separation Engineering of Shandong Province College of Chemical EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China College of Electromechanical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266043China

It is of vital significance to investigate mass transfer enhancements for chemical engineering *** work focuses on investigating the coupling influence of embedding wire mesh and adding solid particles on bubble motion and gas-liquid mass transfer process in a bubble *** image velocimetry(PIV)technology was employed to analyze the flow field and bubble motion behavior,and dynamic oxygen absorption technology was used to measure the gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient(kLa).The effect of embedding wire mesh,adding solid particles,and wire mesh coupling solid particles on the flow characteristic and kLa were analyzed and *** results show that the gas-liquid interface area increases by 33%-72%when using the wire mesh coupling solid particles strategy compared to the gas-liquid two-phase flow,which is superior to the other two strengthening *** with the system without reinforcement,kLa in the bubble column increased by 0.5-1.8 times with wire mesh coupling solid particles method,which is higher than the sum of kLa increases with inserting wire mesh and adding particles,and the coupling reinforcement mechanism for affecting gas-liquid mass transfer process was discussed to provide a new idea for enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer.

关键词： Fluid mechanics Bubble Mass transfer Wire mesh coupling solid particles Particle image velocimetry Hydrodynamics

A SIMPLE ITERATIVE ALGORITHM FOR MAXCUT

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第5期42卷 1277-1304页

作者： Sihong shao Dong zhang Weixi zhang CAPT LMAM and School of Mathematical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China LMAM and School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

We propose a simple iterative(SI)algorithm for the maxcut problem through fully using an equivalent continuous *** does not need rounding at all and has advantages that all subproblems have explicit analytic solutions,the cut values are monotonically updated and the iteration points converge to a local optima in finite steps via an appropriate subgradient *** experiments on G-set demonstrate the *** particular,the ratios between the best cut values achieved by SI and those by some advanced combinatorial algorithms in[***.,248(2017),365-403]are at least 0.986 and can be further improved to at least 0.997 by a preliminary attempt to break out of local optima.

关键词： Maxcut Iterative algorithm Exact solution Subgradient selection Fractional programming