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Modeling spatio-temporal distribution of soil moisture by deep learning-based cellular automata model

Journal of Arid Land 2016年第5期8卷 734-748页

作者： SONG Xiaodong zhang ganlin LIU Feng LI Decheng ZHAO Yuguo YANG Jinling State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

Soil moisture content （SMC） is a key hydrological parameter in agriculture,meteorology and climate change,and understanding of spatio-temporal distributions of SMC in farmlands is important to address the precise irrigation ***,the hybrid interaction of static and dynamic environmental parameters makes it particularly difficult to accurately and reliably model the distribution of *** present,deep learning wins numerous contests in machine learning and hence deep belief network （DBN） ,a breakthrough in deep learning is trained to extract the transition functions for the simulation of the cell state *** this study,we used a novel macroscopic cellular automata （MCA） model by combining DBN to predict the SMC over an irrigated corn field （an area of 22 km^2） in the zhangye oasis,Northwest *** and dynamic environmental variables were prepared with regard to the complex hydrological *** widely used neural network,multi-layer perceptron （MLP） ,was utilized for comparison to *** hybrid models （MLP-MCA and DBN-MCA） were calibrated and validated on SMC data within four months,*** to September 2012,which were automatically observed by a wireless sensor network （WSN） .Compared with MLP-MCA,the DBN-MCA model led to a decrease in root mean squared error （RMSE） by 18%.Thus,the differences of prediction errors increased due to the propagating errors of variables,difficulties of knowing soil properties and recording irrigation amount in *** sequential Gaussian simulation （s Gs） was performed to assess the uncertainty of soil moisture *** with a threshold of SMC for each grid cell,the local uncertainty of simulated results in the post processing suggested that the probability of SMC less than 25% will be difference in different areas at different time *** current results showed that the DBN-MCA model performs better than the MLP-MCA model,and the DBN-MCA model provides a powerful tool for predicti

关键词： soil moisture soil moisture sensor network macroscopic cellular automata (MCA) deep belief network (DBN) multi-layer perceptron (MLP) uncertainty assessment hydropedology

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肿瘤靶向治疗相关皮肤不良反应的辨治经验

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北京中医药 2024年第9期43卷 1071-1074页

作者：崔劭敏张怀锐张兴涵张甘霖杨国旺北京中医药大学北京100029 首都医科大学附属北京中医医院肿瘤科北京100010

靶向治疗相关皮肤不良反应是临床常见的不良反应,杨国旺教授提出在临床实践过程中应精细辨证,整体辨证与局部辨证相结合,综合患者体质、肿瘤治疗后邪正盛衰、局部皮损发生部位及表现等,在精细辨证的基础上遣方用药,以达到中西医结合精... 详细信息

靶向治疗相关皮肤不良反应是临床常见的不良反应,杨国旺教授提出在临床实践过程中应精细辨证,整体辨证与局部辨证相结合,综合患者体质、肿瘤治疗后邪正盛衰、局部皮损发生部位及表现等,在精细辨证的基础上遣方用药,以达到中西医结合精准治疗的目的。

关键词：靶向治疗皮肤不良反应皮疹手足皮肤反应瘙痒

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Iron loss of paddy soil in China and its environmental implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第7期65卷 1277-1291页

作者： Liumei CHEN Dongbo ZHAO Guangzhong HAN Fei YANG Zitong GONG Xiaodong SONG Decheng LI ganlin zhang College of Resources and Environment Zunyi Normal UniversityZunyi 563006China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Geography and Resources Science Neijiang Normal UniversityNeijiang 641112China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Iron(Fe)is an important element for the terrestrial and marine ecosystems through its biogeochemical cycling on the Earth’s *** has a long rice cultivation history,with extensive rice distribution across many types of paddy *** soils are the largest anthropogenic wetlands on earth with critical roles in ecosystem *** periodic artificial submergence and drainage during paddy soil evolution result in significant changes in soil moisture regime and redox conditions from the natural soils,which facilitate the increase of Fe solubility and ***,there is a lack of systematic assessment on the magnitude of the migration and loss amount of Fe from paddy *** order to quantify the Fe loss and assess the dynamic evolution of Fe in the soils after rice cultivation,seven paddy soil chronosequences derived from different landscapes(bog,plain,terrace)and parent materials(acidic,neutral,calcareous)with cultivation history from 0 to 2,000 yr were *** showed that the rates and trajectories of Fe evolution showed distinct patterns among the studied seven paddy soil ***,net losses of Fe from 1 m soil depth occurred at all studied paddy soil chronosequences regardless of the original landscapes and parent *** in the paddy soils derived from the calcareous lacustrine sediments in the bog area showed a slight accumulation during the initial stage(50 yr)of paddy cultivation,with a loss rate of0.026 kg m^(-2)yr^(-1) during the 50-to 500-yr time *** the paddy soils developed on the calcareous marine sediments in the plain area,Fe evolution was dominated by the internal movement in soil profiles through coupled reducing-eluviation reactions in the surface horizons and oxidation-illuviation in the subsurface horizons within 1,000 yr of paddy cultivation,with an averaged net loss rate of 0.029 kg m^(-2)yr^(-1) during the 1,000-to 2,000-yr time period of rice *** contrast,Fe in the paddy s

关键词： Soil-water interface Land-sea interface Paddy soil Soil Fe loss Biogeochemical cycle

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Regional Soil Mapping Using Multi-Grade Representative Sampling and a Fuzzy Membership-Based Mapping Approach

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 344-357页

作者： YANG Lin A-Xing ZHU ZHAO Yuguo LI Decheng zhang ganlin zhang Shujie Lawrence E. BAND State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 (China) Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University) Ministry of Education Nanjing 210023 (China) Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application School of Geography Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 (China) State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province) Nanjing 210023 (China) Department of Geography University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 (USA) China Academy of Urban Planning & Design Beijing 100037 (China) Institute for the Environment University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 (USA)

High-resolution and detailed regional soil spatial distribution information is increasingly needed for ecological modeling and land resource management. For areas with no point data, regional soil mapping includes two steps： soil sampling and soil mapping. Because sampling over a large area is costly, efficient sampling strategies are required. A multi-grade representative sampling strategy, which designs a small number of representative samples with different representative grades to depict soil spatial variations at different scales, could be a potentially efficient sampling strategy for regional soil mapping. Additionally, a suitable soil mapping approach is needed to map regional soil variations based on a small number of samples. In this study, the multi-grade representative sampling strategy was applied and a fuzzy membership-weighted soil mapping approach was developed to map soil sand percentage and soil organic carbon （SOC） at 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths in a study area of 5 900 km2 in Anhui Province of China. First, geographical sub-areas were delineated using a parent lithology data layer. Next, fuzzy c-means clustering was applied to two climate and four terrain variables in each stratum. The clustering results （environmental cluster chains） were used to locate representative samples. Evaluations based on an independent validation sample set showed that the addition of samples with lower representativeness generally led to a decrease of root mean square error （RMSE）. The declining rates of RMSE with the addition of samples slowed down for 20-40 cm depth, but fluctuated for 0-20 cm depth. The predicted SOC maps based on the representative samples exhibited higher accuracy, especially for soil depth 20-40 cm, as compared to those based on legacy soil data. Multi-grade representative sampling could be an effective sampling strategy at a regional scale. This sampling strategy, combined with the fuzzy membership-based mapping approach, could be an optional effec

关键词： fuzzy clustering parent lithology representative grade samphng strategy soil spatial variations

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SOTER-Based Soil Water Erosion Simulation in Hainan Island

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Pedosphere 2003年第2期13卷 139-146页

作者： ZHAO YUGUO, zhang ganlin and GONG ZITONGInstitute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China) Institute of Soil Science the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China)

The actual and potential water erosion rates of soils with different landcovers in Hainan Island, China, were estimated based on the universal soil loss equation (USLE) anda 1:200000 Soils and Terrain Digital Database (SOTER) database, from which soil water erosionfactors could be extracted. 92.8% of the whole island had a current erosion rate of lower than 500 tkm^(-2) a^(-1). Soil erosion risk was considered to be high because of its abundant *** vegetation cover, the potential soil erosion rate would be extremely high and 90.8% of theisland would have a soil erosion rate higher than 2500 t km^(-2) a^(-1). Relative erosionvulnerability of different soil zones, landform types, and lithological regions of the island wascompared by introducing a relative erosion hazard parameter a. Cambosols developed from siltstoneand mudstone in low hill regions were pinpointed as soils with the highest erosion risk in theisland.

关键词： hainan island soil erosion risk assessment SOTER USLE

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Mapping Soil Organic Carbon Stocks of Northeastern China Using Expert Knowledge and GIS-based Methods

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Chinese Geographical Science 2017年第4期27卷 516-528页

作者： SONG Xiaodong LIU Feng JU Bing ZHI Junjun LI Decheng ZHAO Yuguo zhang ganlin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

The main aim of this paper was to calculate soil organic carbon stock(SOCS) with consideration of the pedogenetic horizons using expert knowledge and GIS-based methods in northeastern China.A novel prediction process was presented and was referred to as model-then-calculate with respect to the variable thicknesses of soil horizons(MCV).The model-then-calculate with fixed-thickness(MCF),soil profile statistics(SPS),pedological professional knowledge-based(PKB) and vegetation type-based(Veg) methods were carried out for *** respect to the similar pedological information,nine common layers from topsoil to bedrock were grouped in the *** results suggested that the MCV method generated better performance than the other methods *** the comparison of polygon based approaches,the Veg method generated better accuracy than both SPS and PKB,as limited soil data were *** prediction of the pedogenetic horizons within MCV benefitted the regional SOCS estimation and provided information for future soil classification and understanding of soil *** intermediate product,that is,horizon thickness maps were fluctuant enough and reflected many details in *** linear mixed model indicated that mean annual air temperature(MAAT) was the most important predictor for the SOCS *** minimal residual of the linear mixed models was achieved in the vegetation type-based model,whereas the maximal residual was fitted in the soil type-based *** 95% of SOCS could be found in Argosols,Cambosols and *** largest SOCS was found in the croplands with vegetation of Triticum aestivum L.,Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench,Glycine max(L.) Merr.,Zea mays *** Setaria italica(L.) ***.

关键词： soil organic carbon stock model-then-calculate random forest linear mixed model northeastern China

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Mapping Soil Texture Based on Field Soil Moisture Observations at a High Temporal Resolution in an Oasis Agricultural Area

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Pedosphere 2016年第5期26卷 699-708页

作者： YANG Renmin LIU Feng zhang ganlin ZHAO Yuguo LI Decheng YANG Jinling YANG Fei YANG Fan State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China)

Due to the almost homogeneous topography in low relief areas, it is usually difficult to make accurate predictions of soil properties using topographic covariates. In this study, we examined how time series of field soil moisture observations can be used to estimate soil texture in an oasis agricultural area with low relief in the semi-arid region of northwest China. Time series of field-observed soil moisture variations were recorded for 132 h beginning at the end of an irrigation event during which the surface soil was *** correlation between two time-adjacent soil moisture conditions was used to select the factors for fuzzy c-means clustering. In each of the ten generated clusters, soil texture of the soil sample with the maximum fuzzy membership value was taken as the cluster centroid. Finally, a linearly weighted average was used to predict soil texture from the centroids. The results showed that soil moisture increased with the increase of clay and silt contents, but decreased with the increase of sand content. The spatial patterns of soil moisture changed during the entire soil drying phase. We assumed that these changes were mainly caused by spatial heterogeneity of soil texture. A total of 64 independent samples were used to evaluate the prediction accuracy. The root mean square error(RMSE)values of clay, silt and sand were 1.63, 2.81 and 3.71, respectively. The mean relative error(RE) values were 9.57% for clay, 3.77% for silt and 12.83% for sand. It could be concluded that the method used in this study was effective for soil texture mapping in the low-relief oasis agricultural area and could be applicable in other similar irrigation agricultural areas.

关键词： digital soil mapping fuzzy c-means clustering low relief particle-size distribution semi-arid region water content

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Most root-derived carbon inputs do not contribute to long-term global soil carbon storage

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 1072-1086页

作者： Guocheng WANG Liujun XIAO Ziqi LIN Qing zhang Xiaowei GUO Annette COWIE Shuai zhang Mingming WANG Songchao CHEN ganlin zhang Zhou SHI Wenjuan SUN Zhongkui LUO Institute of Agriculture Remote Sensing and Information Technology College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China LAPC Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai519082China New South Wales Department of Primary Industries University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210008China Academy of Ecological Civilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of EducationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information System Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou310058China

Plant root-derived carbon(C)inputs(I_(root))are the primary source of C in mineral bulk ***,a fraction of I_(root)may lose quickly(I_(loss),e.g.,via rhizosphere microbial respiration,leaching and fauna feeding)without contributing to long-term bulk soil C storage,yet this loss has never been quantified,particularly on a global *** this study we integrated three observational global data sets including soil radiocarbon content,allocation of photo synthetically assimilated C,and root biomass distribution in 2,034 soil profiles to quantify I_(root)and its contribution to the bulk soil C *** show that global average I_(root)in the 0-200 cm soil profile is 3.5 Mg ha^(-1)yr^(-1),~80%of which(i.e.,I_(loss))is lost rather than co ntributing to long-term bulk soil C storage.I_(root)decreases exponentially with soil depth,and the top 20 cm soil contains>60%of total I_(root).Actual C input contributing to long-term bulk soil storage(i.e.,I_(root)-I_(loss))shows a similar depth distribution to I_(root).We also map I_(loss)and its depth distribution across the *** results demonstrate the global significance of direct C losses which limit the contribution of I_(root)to bulk soil C storage;and provide spatially explicit data to facilitate reliable soil C predictions via separating direct C losses from total root-derived C inputs.

关键词： Carbon inputs Root biomass Soil organic carbon Depth distribution Bulk soil carbon Radiocarbon

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中医药临床优势病种探讨——肺结节

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中国实验方剂学杂志 2024年第6期30卷 238-245页

作者：于明薇张怀锐张兴涵李肖王仁贵龙志强王臻庞博霍健伟陈薇祝勇刘宝利娄彦妮张甘霖念家云莫美张霄潇杨国旺首都医科大学附属北京中医医院北京100010 北京中医药大学北京100029 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院北京100021 首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院北京100038 北京大学第一医院北京100034 首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院北京100027 中国中医科学院广安门医院北京100053 中日友好医院北京100029 创新中药关键技术国家重点实验室天津300410 中华中医药学会北京100029

近年来,肺结节的发病率逐年上升,为充分发挥中医药在肺结节领域的疗效优势,明确中西医结合切入点,进一步规范肺结节临床诊疗,中华中医药学会组织中、西医专家围绕肺结节的现代医学认识进展、中医病因病机治法各家学说、中医药参与肺结... 详细信息

近年来,肺结节的发病率逐年上升,为充分发挥中医药在肺结节领域的疗效优势,明确中西医结合切入点,进一步规范肺结节临床诊疗,中华中医药学会组织中、西医专家围绕肺结节的现代医学认识进展、中医病因病机治法各家学说、中医药参与肺结节全程管理的作用与优势、肺结节科学研究的内容与方法及肺结节科普工作等进行深入探讨,为临床诊疗实践和科学研究提供参考依据和有益借鉴。与会专家讨论后认为,肺结节的病因多考虑为虚实夹杂,虚证责之肺脾,实证多为痰湿、血瘀、气滞。中医药治疗肺结节作用包括对部分患者局部结节的控制、缩小;对体质的改善;对多系统结节性疾病的改善;减少焦虑情绪及过度诊断治疗;作为不愿意、不适合接受手术治疗患者的替代方案。目前,肺结节最佳诊疗策略尚未形成,需要从临床流行病学、生物学和循证医学等不同角度深入探讨研究。找到中医药干预肺结节的优势环节、有效方药、明确目标人群和确定有效结局是目前研究的首要任务,同时应积极开展基础研究,对肺结节病因、生物学行为进行深入探讨。中西医结合肺癌诊疗专家共识需不断修订完善,指导临床医生规范、科学、精准地进行有效诊疗管理。

关键词：肺结节优势病种中西医结合中医药创新专家指导建议

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Environmental and Anthropogenic Factors Driving Changes in Paddy Soil Organic Matter: A Case Study in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Plain of China

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Pedosphere 2017年第5期27卷 926-937页

作者： GUO Naijia SHI Xuezheng ZHAO Yongcun XU Shengxiang WANG Meiyan zhang ganlin WU Jinshui HUANG Biao KONG Chao State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences

Changes in soil organic matter(SOM) can affect food security, soil and water conservation, and climate change. However, the drivers of changes in SOM in paddy soils of China are not fully understood because the effects of agricultural management and environmental factors are studied separately. Soil, climate, terrain, and agricultural management data from 6 counties selected based on representative soil types and cropping systems in China were used in correlation analysis, analysis of variance, and cforest modeling to analyze the drivers of changes in SOM in paddy soils in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Plain from 1980 to 2011. The aims of this study were to identify the main factors driving the changes in SOM and to quantitatively evaluate their individual impacts. Results showed that the paddy SOM stock in the study area increased by 12.5% at an average rate of 0.023 kg myearover the 31-year study period. As a result of long-term rice planting, agricultural management practices had a greater influence than soil properties, climate, and terrain. Among the major drivers, straw incorporation, the most influential driver, together with fertilization and tillage practices, significantly increased the accumulation of SOM, while an increase in temperature significantly influenced SOM decomposition. Therefore, to confront the challenge of rising temperatures, it is important to strengthen the positive effects of agricultural management. Rational fertilizer use for stabilizing grain production and crop straw incorporation are promising measures for potential carbon sequestration in this region.

关键词： agricultural management practices cforest modeling environmental factors carbon sequestration fertilizer use straw incorporation temperature tillage

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