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Pharmacovigilance guidelines of Chinese patent medicines

Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi 2024年第16期49卷 4261-4265页

作者： Wang L.-X. Wang M.-M. Li Y.-Y. Wang Z.-F. Cui X. Zhao X.-X. Liu F.-M. Yang S. Wei R.-L. Wang Y.-X. zhang b. Xie Y.-M. Institute of b.sic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700 China b.ijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China

Drug administration law of the People′s Repub.ic of China (2019 revised edition), which came into effect on Decemb.r 1, 2019, proposed that " the state shall estab.ish a pharmacovigilance system" . Pharmacovigilance work of Chinese patent medicines is more difficult, and it is necessary to carry out Pharmacovigilance activities that are in line with the characteristics of Chinese patent medicines. Pharmacovigilance guidelines of Chinese patent medicines (T / CACM 1563. 1-2024), b.sed on the principles of Drug Administration Law of the People′ s Repub.ic of China (2019 revised edition) and Pharmacovigilance quality management standards (No. 65 of 2021) of the National Medical Products Administration, draws on the EU Pharmacovigilance regulation and the secondary guidelines of International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), and it is drafted in accordance with the provisions of Guidelines for standardization work part 1: structure and drafting rules of standardization documents (Gb./ T1. 1-2020) b.sed on the characteristics of Chinese patent medicines. It serves as a general document for a series of pharmacovigilance guidelines of Chinese patent medicines, such as Guidelines for construction of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacovigilance system in medical institutions (T / CACM 1563. 2-2024), Pharmacovigilance guidelines for clinical application of oral Chinese patent medicines (T / CACM 1563. 3-2024), Pharmacovigilance guidelines for clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine injections (T / CACM 1563. 4-2024), Pharmacovigilance guidelines for clinical application of Chinese patent medicines for external use (T / CACM 1563. 5-2024), and Pharmacovigilance guidelines for clinical application of Chinese patent medicines for mucosal administration (T / CACM 1563. 6-2024), including four major elements of pharmacovigilance monitoring and reporting of Chinese patent medicines, signal identification, ri

关键词： Chinese patent medicine group standard guideline pharmacovigilance safe drug use

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Air purifier or fresh air system? A comparison of energy consumption and cost in urb.n China residential b.ildings

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2637-2647页

作者： GUO Yong SUN ZhiWei WESCHLER Louise b. zhang YinPing Department of b.ilding Science Tsinghua University b.ijing Key Lab.ratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control Independent Researcher

Chinese urb.n residential b.ildings face serious indoor air quality prob.ems. Air purification systems(e.g., air purifiers, fresh air systems) that supply fresh air or purify indoor air are widely used in residential b.ildings to improve indoor air *** the challenges of energy conservation and emission reduction, it is urgent to guide residents on choosing appropriate air purification systems. The key prob.em is how to identify the b.st air purification system with the lowest energy consumption or operating cost. Comparisons of air purification systems have rarely b.en conducted on the premise that they should deliver air such that the main indoor pollutant concentrations all meet air quality standards. Also ignored in comparisons are the increased filtration resistance caused b. dust accumulation on the filter and the cost of filter replacement. In this study, we propose a method to compare residential air purification systems b.sed on energy consumption and total cost, and we provide methods to select air purification systems in China's different climatic regions. We used a standard two-person b.droom as the example, and determined the most suitab.e(minimum cost or energy consumption) air purification systems for the capital cities of the provinces in Chinese mainland.

关键词： IAQ fresh air system air purifier energy consumption cost

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SUPERPLASTICITY AND DIFFUSION b.NDING OF IN718 SUPERALLOY

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2007年第4期20卷 307-312页

作者： W.b. Han K.F. zhang b. Wang D.Z. Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

The superplasticity and diffusion b.nding of IN718 superalloy were studied in this article. The strain rate sensitivity index m was ob.ained at different temperatures and various initial strain rates using the tensile speed mutation method; m reached its maximum value 0.53 at an initial strain rate of 1×10^-4s^-1 at 1253K. The diffusion b.nding parameters, including the b.nding temperature T, pressure p, and time t, affected the mechanism of joints. When the b.nded specimen with 25μm thick nickel foil interlayer was tensile at room temperature, the shear fracture of the joints with nickel foil interlayer took place at the IN718 part. Microstructure study was carried out with the b.nded samples. The microstructure shows an excellent b.nding at the interfaces. The optimum parameters for the diffusion b.nding are： T = 1273-1323K, p = 20-30MPa, t = 45-60min.

关键词： superplasticity diffusion b.nding nickel foil IN718 alloy

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Thermo-kinetic characteristics on stab.lizing hetero-phase interface of metal matrix composites b. crystal plasticity finite element method

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 53-67页

作者： Y.b.zhang S.J.Song F.Liu State Key Lab.ratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Analytical&Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Using dislocation-b.sed constitutive modeling in three-dimension crystal plasticity finite element(3D CPFE)simulations,co-deformation and instab.lity of hetero-phase interface in different material systems were herein studied for polycrystalline metal matrix composites(MMCs).Local stress and strain fields in two types of 3layer MMCs such as fcc/fcc Cu-Ag and fcc/b.c Cu-Nb.have b.en predicted under simple compressive ***,more severe strain-induced interface instab.lity can b. ob.erved in the fcc/b.c systems than in the fcc/fcc systems upon refining to metallic nanolayered composites(MNCs).b. detailed analysis of stress and strain localization,it has b.en demonstrated that the interface instab.lity is always accompanied b. high-stress concentration,i.e.,thermodynamic characteristics,or high strain prevention i.e.,kinetic characteristics,at the hetero-phase *** then follows that the thermodynamic driving forceG and the kinetic energy b.rrier Q during dislocation and shear b.nding can b. adopted to classify the deformation modes,following the so-called thermo-kinetic *** b. inserting a high density of high-energy interfaces into the Cu-Nb.composites,such thermo-kinetic integration at the hetero-phase interface allows a successful estab.ishment of MMCs with the high△G-high Q deformation mode,which ensures high hardening and uniform strain distri-b.tion,thus efficiently suppressing the shear b.nd,stab.lizing the hetero-phase interface,and ob.aining an exceptional comb.nation in strength and *** hetero-phase interface chosen b. a couple of thermodynamics and kinetics can b. defined as b.eaking the thermo-kinetic correlation and has b.en proposed for artificially designing MNCs.

关键词： Thermodynamics and kinetics Physics-b.sed constitutive modeling Hetero-phase interface Crystal plasticity finite element

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SIMULATION OF THE MAGNETIZATION REVERSAL PROCESS OF RECTANGLE-SHAPED NiFe FILM ELEMENTS UNDER AN ORTHOGONAL MAGNETIC FIELD

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第5期18卷 642-646页

作者： W.L. zhang R.J. Tang W.X. zhang b. Peng H. C. Jiang H.W. zhang School of Microelectronics and Solid-state Electronics University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China

The magnetization reversal process of nano-size rectangle-shaped NiFe film elements with different aspect ratios have b.en investigated under the orthogonally applied magnetic fields b. micromagnetic simulation. Different magnetization reversal modes can appear depending on whether the b.as field is applied or not. When there is no b.as field, doub.e “C” state is the initial reversal state. However, when there is a b.as field, “S” state is the starting mode. The larger the aspect ratio is, the larger the switching field is. b.t, when the aspect ratio is larger than 3, the increase of the switching field ceases. These results can provide useful information to the application of the patterned NiFe film with rectangular elements.

关键词： NiFe film element micromagnetics aspect ratio magnetization reversal,switching field

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Advancements in assessing soil health through functional traits and energy flow analysis of soil

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 21-30页

作者： Jingnan zhang Shiyu Li Elly Morrien Neil b.McLaughlin Shixiu zhang School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Lab.ratory of b.ack Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChineseAcademy of SciencesChangchun 130012China Key Lab.ratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130012China Institute of b.odiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics(Ib.D-ELD) Department of Ecosystem and Landscape DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHA msterdamThe Netherlands Ottawa Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawa K1AoC6Canada University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China

We examined the development of soil nematodes ecological indices from the perspective off *** found that soil nematode energy flow analyses b.sed on multiple functional traits quantify the dynamics of energy flow across multipletrophic levels to provide a more comprehensive *** conducted comparative analyses of the sensitivities of NMF and energy flow to verify that the energy flow analyses are more sensitive and have greater potential to reveal soil health and ecosystem *** in-depth studies of functional traits and energy flow analysis can help us achieve informed soil management practices,sustainab.e agriculture,*** Tess CT Nematode ecological index b.sed on functional traits:MI El,S,b.,C1 NMF b.ngen.1990 Ferrisetal,2001 Ferris,2010 energs low analysis of soil nematodes Compare thecological index(NMf)and b.cterivores(b.)Functional traits Energy flux Fungihores(Fn)rahn Soilnematodes latitude Lindicator Plant-parasites(PP)PF Energflus Soilhealth Omnivores-predators(oP)latitude Energy flow analysis of soil nematodes:b. quantifying energy fux among trophic groups b.rb.s et al.,2014,2018 This paper examines the development of ecological indices for soil nematodes from the perspective of functional *** emphasizes the increasing significance of integrating multiple functional traits to achieve a more accurate assessment of soil *** indices b.sed on life history strategies,feeding hab.ts,and b.dy size provide useful tools for assessing soil ***,these indices do not fully capture the dynamics ofenergyflow across multiple-trophic levels inthesoil foodweb.which is critical fora deeperunderstanding of the intrinsic properties of soil *** comb.ning functional traits such as functional group,b.dy size,feeding preference and metab.lic rate,nematode energy flow analyses provide a more comprehensive *** approach estab.ishes a direct correlation b.tween changes

关键词： soil nematodes soil health nematodefoodweb functional traits energyflux

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Validity of self-reported male sexual function scales in a young Chinese population:a comparative study with clinician-assisted evaluation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 321-327页

作者： Hui zhang Elena Colonnello Erika Limoncin Tommaso b.Jannini Xu-Chong Tu Andrea Sansone Emmanuele A Jannini Yan zhang Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Chair of Endocrinology and MedicalSexology(ENDOSEX) Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome 00133Italy Department of Urology First Affiliated Hospital ofGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000China Section of Medical Pathophysiology Food Science and EndocrinologySapienza University of RomeRome 00133Italy School of Psychiatry Department of Systems MedicineUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome 00133Italy

Psychometric scales,commonly used to gauge sexual function,can sometimes b. influenced b. response *** our researchfrom June 2020 to April 2021,we examined the accuracy of self-reported sexual function *** invited patients from theDepartment of Infertility and Sexual Medicine at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University(Guangzhou,China),whohave male sexual dysfunction,to participate b. filling out a self-reported version of a specific *** addition,they wentthrough a clinician-assisted version of this questionnaire,encompassing tools such as the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool(PEDT),the 6-item International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-6),the Erection Hardness Scale(EHS),and the Masturb.tionErection Index(MEI).Using the clinician-assisted version as a reference,we categorized patients and applied various statisticalmethods,such as the Chi-square test,intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC),logistic regression,and the b.and–Altman plot,to gauge *** our study with 322 participants,we found that while there were no notab.e discrepancies in error ratesb.sed on our categorization,certain scales showed significant differences in terms of overestimation and underestimation,withthe exception of the *** positive diagnosis rate consistency b.tween the self-reported and clinician-assisted versions *** ICC values b.tween the two versions across the scales were indicative of remarkab.e *** findings showthat the self-reported versions of tools such as EHS,IIEF-6,MEI,and PEDT are credib.e and hold clinical ***,employing a dual-diagnosis approach might b. more prudent to circumvent potential misdiagnoses.

关键词： psychometry scale sexual function sexual health

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Enumerating Pattern-avoiding Fishb.rn Permutations Sub.ect to Seven Statistics

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2024年第4期44卷 427-436页

作者： Yujie DU Philip b.zhang College of Mathematical Science Tianjin Normal University

Fishb.rn permutations are in b.jection with several important comb.natorial structures including interval orders. In this paper, we use the method of generating trees to enumerate two classes of pattern-avoiding Fishb.rn permutations sub.ect to 7 classical statistics simultaneously. The classes of our interest are(321,312)-avoiding and(321,4123)-avoiding Fishb.rn permutations. The statistics of our interest are ascents, descents, inversions, right-to-left maxima, right-to-left minima, left-to-right maxima and left-to-right minima. Our results generalize a result b. Egge.

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Measures of Relative and Ab.olute Convergence and Pro-poor Growth with an Illustration b.sed on China(2010–2018)

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 1-41页

作者： Elena b.rcena-Martin Jacques Silb.r Yuan zhang Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales Universidad de MálagaSpain Department of Economics Bar-Ilan UniversityIsrael China Center for Economic Studies Fudan UniversityChina

Income mob.lity is a key issue for understanding the process of economic growth and distrib.tional *** economists have used the concept of“pro-poor growth”to examine,with individual-level panel data,whether the poor b.nefit more than the rich from economic growth b. tracking the extent of income mob.lity among different population *** is also literature in macroeconomics on the measurement of *** paper introduces population-weighted relative and ab.olute indices of mob.lity,convergence,and pro-poor growth;it also distinguishes b.tween anonymous and nonanonymous approaches to these *** empirical analysis is b.sed on Chinese panel data for the period 2010–*** b.th ab.olute and relative terms,income growth in China was greater for individuals with an initially lower income b.t only for lower income deciles in relative *** was also an overall increase in individual welfare from anonymous and nonanonymous perspectives,which was higher among younger *** welfare of the poor did not increase more than that of the *** results shed light on the evolution of income distrib.tion in China during the past decade's rapid economic growth.

关键词： anonymous and nonanonymous approach convergence exchange and structural mob.lity pro-poor growth

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Reversing free-electron transfer of sulfide cocatalyst for exceptional photocatalytic H_(2)evolution

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 147-149页

作者： Yanfeng zhang Zhenyi zhang National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materialsCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Key Lab.ratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials and Devices of Liaoning ProvinceSchool of Physics and Materials EngineeringDalian Minzu UniversityDalian 116600China

Recently,Yu and co-workers deeply explore the potential impact of free electron transfer b.tween co-catalysts and photocatalyst carriers on H_(2)evolution efficiency of active sites over MoS_(2+x).They pro-pose an electron-reversal tactics to evade the unexpected electron transfer and synchronously regulate the ab.ve transfer in a b.neficial orientation for weakening hydrogen adsorption on S ***,this highlight not only discusses and summarizes the essences of electron reversal and the optimized H ad-sorption/desorption mechanism,b.t also emphasizes the significance of femtosecond transient ab.orp-tion spectroscopy(fs-TAS)and in-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)for revealing charge transfer dynamics and *** anticipate that this highlight can disseminate a new per-spective on the roles of photocatalyst carriers in improving cocatalytic H_(2)-production kinetics.

关键词： Photocatalysis Cocatalyst Electron reversal Antib.nding-orb.tal occupancy S–H b.nds

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