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Production and application of anaerobic granular sludge produced by landfill

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第12期19卷 1454-1460页

作者： WANG Jin zhang Zhen-jia zhang zhi-feng QAISAR Mahmood ZHENG Ping College of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 Shaoxing Wastewater Treatment Development Co. Ltd. Shaoxing 312074 China Department of Environmental Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

Sludge granulation is considered to be the most critical parameter governing successful operation of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket and expanded granular sludge bed （EGSB） reactors. Pre-granulated seeding sludge could greatly reduce the required startup time. Two lab-scale and a pilot-scale EGSB reactors were operated to treat Shaoxing Wastewater Treatment Plant （SWWTP） containing wastewater from real engineering printing and dyeing with high pH and sulfate concentration. The microbiological structure and the particle size distribution in aerobic excess sludge, sanitary landfill sludge digested for one year, and the granular sludge of EGSB reactor after 400 d of operation were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and sieves. The lab-scale EGSB reactor seeded with anaerobic sludge after digestion for one year in landfill showed obviously better total chemical oxygen demand （TCOD） removal efficiency than one seeded with aerobic excess sludge after cation polyacrylamide flocculation-concentration and dehydration. The TCOD removed was 470.8 mg/L in pilot scale EGSB reactor at short hydraulic retention time of 15 h. SEM of sludge granules showed that the microbiological structure of the sludge from different sources showed some differences. SEM demonstrated that Methanobacterium sp. was present in the granules of pilot-scale EGSB and the granular sludge produced by landfill contained a mixture of anaerobic/anoxic organisms in abundance. The particle size distribution in EGSB demonstrated that using anaerobic granular sludge produced by sanitary landfill as the seeding granular sludge was feasible.

关键词： anaerobic granular sludge expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) granulation landfill seeding sludge

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Analysis of Pulse Signals Based on Array Pulse Volume

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第2期25卷 103-107页

作者： CUI Ji TU Li-ping zhang Jian-feng zhang Shao-liang zhang zhi-feng XU Jia-tuo School of Basic Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Interdisciplinary Science Institute Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective: To collect and analyze multi-dimensional pulse diagram features with the array sensor of a pressure profile system(PPS) and study the characteristic parameters of the new multi-dimensional pulse diagram by pulse diagram analysis technology. Methods: The pulse signals at the Guan position of left wrist were acquired from 105 volunteers at the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. We obtained the pulse data using an array sensor with 3×4 channels. Three dimensional pulse diagrams were constructed for the validated pulse data, and the array pulse volume(APV) parameter was computed by a linear interpolation algorithm. The APV differences among normal pulse(NP), wiry pulse(WP) and slippery pulse(SP) were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. The coefficients of variation(CV) were calculated for WP, SP and NP. Results: The APV difference between WP and NP in the 105 volunteers was statistically significant(6.26±0.28 vs. 6.04±0.36, P=0.048), as well as the difference between WP and SP(6.26±0.28 vs. 6.07±0.46, P=0.049). However, no statistically significant difference was found between NP and SP(P=0.75). WP showed a similar CV(4.47%) to those of NP(5.96%) and SP(7.58%). Conclusion: The new parameter APV could differentiate between NP or SP and WP. Accordingly, APV could be considered an useful parameter for the analysis of array pulse diagrams in Chinese medicine.

关键词： pulse signal array pulse volume pulse sensor Chinese medicine

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A new approach for identification of medicinal almonds by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and systematic clustering of characteristic peaks

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第9期15卷 703-709页

作者： CHENG Chun-Song WANG Can-Jian LIANG Jie LAO Chi-Chou ZHOU Hua zhang zhi-feng State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macao University of Science and Technology) Macao 999078China Faculty of Chinese Medicine Macao University of Science and Technology Macao 999078 China Macao Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health Macao 999078 China

Medicinal almonds have been used for over 2 000 years and its clinical efficacy includes relieving cough and asthma. The domestic market in China is flooded with different kinds of dried almonds, such as bitter almond(Armeniacae Semen Amarum, AAS),sweet almond(Armeniacae Semen Dulce, ADS), salted almond(Armeniacae Semen Salsa, ASS), and their sulfur-fumigating products(Armeniacae Semen Sulphur Fumabat, ASFS). Wide varieties of almonds may lead to uncertain efficacy, aberrant quality, and even increased safety risk. However, the authentication method for medicinal almonds has not been reported, although imposters may lead to ineffective medical response. In the present study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and the 2-dimensional infrared(2 D-IR) spectroscopy were used to identify different almonds, which were extracted with different solvents including water, methanol, ethanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate, respectively. A new simple FTIR method was developed in the present study. According to the gradient solvent polarity, a new 2 D IR method was first developed, and the commodities of almonds in China were analyzed by using the FTIR spectroscopy supported by hierarchical clustering of characteristic peaks. Moreover, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural could be used as a detection index and control target in the quality control of medicinal almonds.

关键词： FTIR Almonds Xingren Sulfur-fumigation

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Evaluation of Essential and Toxic Element Concentrations in Buckwheat by Experimental and Chemometric Approaches

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1691-1698页

作者： PENG Lian-xin HUANG Yan-fei LIU Yuan zhang zhi-feng LU Lu-yang ZHAO Gang College of Biotechnology Industry Chengdu University Institute of Ethnic Medicine Southwest University for Nationalities Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription Ministry of Education/Hubei University of Chinese Medicine

The essential and toxic element concentrations in buckwheat were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer（ICP-OES）. The concentration data were subjected to common chemometrics analyses, including correlation analysis（CA）, principal component analysis（PCA） and hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA）, to gain better understanding of the differences among the tested samples. Our results indicated that the essential and toxic element concentrations were not different between Fagopyrum tataricum（L.） Gaertn and F. esculentum Moench. The element concentrations varied among buckwheat samples from different sources. Commercial tartary buckwheat tea contained several essential elements, thus, could be used as the source of essential elements. The detection of toxic heavy metals in commercial tartary buckwheat tea suggested that safety issue of such buckwheat products should be seriously concerned. Our results also revealed that the place of origin and the processing protocol of tartary buckwheat affected the element concentrations of the commercial form. The implications to the quality control and safety evaluation of buckwheat were extensively discussed.

关键词： buckwheat ICP-OES trace element toxic element chemometrics

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Hepatoprotective activity of Gentiana veitchiorum Hemsl. against against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第7期12卷 488-494页

作者： zhang zhi-feng LIU Yuan LU Lu-Yang LUO Pei Ethnic Pharmaceutical Institute of Southwest University for Nationalities State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines Macao University of Science and Technology

AIM: To study the hepatoprotective effect of methanol extract of Gentiana veitchiorum(MGV) against CCl4-induced oxidative stress and liver injury in mice. METHOD: The acute hepatic model was developed by injection of 20% CCl4 in mice. ICR mice were divided into six groups, including control, CCl4, CCl4+ silymarin, and CCl4+ MGV(100, 200, and 400 mg·kg–1) groups. Hepatic enzymes including AST, ALT and ALP levels in serum, and antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, CAT and GPX activity in liver tissue, were determined. Histopathological examination and Western blot analysis were performed. RESULTS: Oral administration of MGV at 200 and 400 mg·kg–1 for 15 days dose-dependently inhibited the serum elevations of AST, ALT, and ALP, and recovered the reduction of SOD, CAT, and GPX in liver tissue. Hematoxylin and eosin staining examination performed in liver tissues suggested that MGV treatment ameliorated histopathological changes in CCl4-induced mice. Western blotting analysis implied that MGV increased HO-1 expression and recovered TNF-α alternation. CONCLUSION: G. veitchiorum can protect the liver against CCl4-induced damage in mice, and this hepatoprotective effect was due at least in part to its ability through scavenging CCl4-associated free radical activities. The study provided in vivo evidence that G. veitchiorum can be used as a safe, cheap, and effective agent to reduce acute liver damage, supporting its folk medicine use.

关键词： Gentiana veitchiorum Hepatoprotective effect Antioxidant enzymes Western blot

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傅里叶变换红外光谱法并结合主成分分析法鉴别灯盏花和多舌飞蓬的研究

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光谱学与光谱分析 2009年第12期29卷 3263-3266页

作者：张志锋刘圆张浩西南民族大学少数民族药物研究所四川成都610041 四川大学华西药学院四川成都610041

灯盏花和多舌飞蓬为菊科飞蓬属植物,由于其形态上非常相似,因此在藏医药均被叫着"美多罗米"用于清热解毒、瘟病时疫。然而,它们在现代临床应用方面存在明显的差异。为了能简便快速的鉴别灯盏花和多舌飞蓬,借助于傅里叶变换红外光谱分析... 详细信息

灯盏花和多舌飞蓬为菊科飞蓬属植物,由于其形态上非常相似,因此在藏医药均被叫着"美多罗米"用于清热解毒、瘟病时疫。然而,它们在现代临床应用方面存在明显的差异。为了能简便快速的鉴别灯盏花和多舌飞蓬,借助于傅里叶变换红外光谱分析,采用主成分分析法(PCA)对来自13个不同产地的灯盏花和多舌飞蓬样品在植化组成上的相似性进行了聚类分析。比较了灯盏花和多舌飞蓬之间的差异程度,结果表明FTIR结合主成分分析在反映同属不同种及不同产地的同种植物化学组成差异程度上具有重要意义。所建立的方法可以快速、简便、直观地对灯盏花和多舌飞蓬进行聚类分析和质量鉴别,也可以为其他中药材和民族药材的鉴别研究提供参考。

关键词：红外光谱法主成分分析灯盏花多舌飞蓬

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A New Procedure for Separation and Purification of Scutellarin from Erigeron multiradiatus

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2013年第2期5卷 133-137页

作者： zhang zhi-feng LU Lu-yang LIU Yuan Ethnic Pharmaceutical Institute Southwest University for Nationalities

Abstract: Objective To establish a new procedure for isolating scutellarin from Erigeron multiradiatus. Methods Aproposed method was developed by combining macroporous resins with ODS column. Firstly, E. multiradiatus wasextracted by ultrasound with 80% methanol. Preliminary separation was performed on macroporous resin *** performance and adsorption characteristics of three macroporous resins, D140, D141, and D605, were comparedand the enrichment procedure was optimized. Further purification was carried out by medium pressure liquidchromatography (MPLC) with ODS column. Results It was demonstrated that D141 had better extractive effects onscutellarin. The MPLC conditions were optimized as follows: 15% ethanol aqueous as mobile phase with flow rate at2.5 mL/min. The yield and purity of the isolated scutellarin were 1.20 mg/g and 96.5%, respectively. ConclusionThe overall procedure is efficient and low-cost, which is considered suitable for the separation and purification ofscutellarin from E. multiradiatus. The results provide the scientific basis for developing and using scutellarin in clinic.

关键词： Erigeron multiradiatus medium pressure liquid chromatography ODS scutellarin separation

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Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on iron deficiency

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第14期123卷 1924-1930页

作者： zhang zhi-feng YANG Ning ZHAO Gang ZHU Lei ZHU Ying WANG Li-xia Department of Gastroenterology Department of Nephrology Department of Infectious Diseases Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116011 China

Background Iron deficiency （ID） is still a great challenge to health care worldwide. Results of randomized controlled trials （RCTs） evaluating the effect of Helicobacterpylori （H. pylon） eradication on ID are contradictory. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of H. pylori eradication on ID with a meta-analysis of RCTs. Methods Five electronic databases were searched for RCTs evaluating the effect of H. pylori eradication on ID. Summary effects were assessed with the methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. Results Eight studies involving 800 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The overall analysis showed that H. pylorieradication accelerated the improvement of ferritin levels in ID people （mean difference （MD）, 7.74 μg/L; 95% C/, 4.61 to 10.88; P 〈0.000 01）. In a subgroup analysis, H. pylori eradication accelerated the improvement of ferritin levels one month （MD, 7.00μg/L; 95% CI, 1.72 to 12.28; P=0.009） and two months （MD, 9.80 pg/L; 95% CI, 2.22 to 17.40; P=-0.01） after the initiation of treatment. However, H. pylori eradication did not show a beneficial effect on the improvement of ferritin levels three months （MD, 7.20μg/L; 95% CI, -3.25 to 17.65; P=-0.18）, one year （MD, 10.17μg/L; 95% Cl, -1.00 to 21.34; P=-0.07） and forty months （MD, 1.00 μg/L; 95% Cl, -0.57 to 2.57; P=0.21） after the initiation of treatment. H. pylori eradication did not accelerate the improvement of hemoglobin concentrations in the overall analysis （MD, 0.38 g/dl; 95% Cl, -0.45 to 1.22; P=0.37）. In a subgroup analysis, H. pylori eradication did not accelerate the improvement of hemoglobin concentrations one month （MD, -0.48 g/dl; 95% Cl, -2.39 to 1.42; P=-0.62）, three months （MD, -0.10 g/dl; 95% Cl, -0.35 to 0.15; P=-0.44） and forty months （MD, 0.10 g/dl; 95% C/, -0.37 to 0.57; P=-0.68） after the initiation of treatment. However, H. pylori eradication accelerated the improvement of hemoglobin concentrations two months （MD, 1.96 g/dl; 95% Cl, 1.48 to 2.44; P 〈0.00

关键词： Helicobacter pylori iron deficiency meta-analysis

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Preventive effect of ulinastatin and gabexate mesylate on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第18期123卷 2600-2606页

作者： zhang zhi-feng YANG Ning ZHAO Gang ZHU Lei ZHU Ying WANG Li-xia Department of Gastroenterology Dalian Liaoning 116011 China Department of Nephrology Dalian Liaoning 116011 China First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116011 China

Background Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis （PEP） is regarded as one of the worrisome complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP）. Results of randomized controlled trials evaluating the preventive effect of ulinastatin and gabexate mesylate （GM） on PEP are contradictory. The present study was designed to evaluate the prophylactic effect of ulinastatin and GM on PEP with meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials （RCTs）. Methods Five electronic databases were searched for RCTs evaluating the preventive effect of ulinastatin and GM on PEP. Summary effects were assessed with the methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. Results Twelve studies involving 5105 participants were included in our meta-analyses. Administration of ulinastatin decreased the incidence of PEP only at sufficient doses （OR, 0.39; 95% C/, 0.19 to 0.81; P=0.01）. Number needed to treat （NNT） was 6. And administration of ulinastatin also reduced the incidence of post-ERCP hyperamylasemia （PEHA）（OR, 0.40; 95% C/, 0.28 to 0.58; P〈0.000 01）. Slow infusion of high-dose GM was effective for PEP prevention （OR, 0.44; 95% Cl, 0.25 to 0.79; P=0.006）, and rapid infusion of low-dose GM also showed efficacy for PEP prophylaxis （OR, 0.37; 95% C/, 0.20 to 0.69; P=0.002）. NNT was 7 and 6 respectively. However, administration of GM at low doses and by slow infusions was ineffective （OR, 0.99; 95% Cl, 0.64 to 1.55; P=0.98）. Administration of GM had the tendency to reduce PEHA rate, but not to a statistical significance （OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.01; P=0.06）. When low-quality studies were excluded, the meta-analysis with two high-quality studies indicated that ulinastatin did not reduce the rate of PEP （OR, 0.63; 95% Cl, 0.32 to 1.26; P=0.19） and PEHA incidence （OR, 0.80; 95% Cl, 0.31 to 2.07; P=0.64）. The meta-analysis with six high-quality studies showed that GM administration decreased PEP incidence （OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.91; P=-0,02）, w

关键词： pancreatitis cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic retrograde meta-analysis

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基于熵模型的生产物流系统运行评价

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计算机集成制造系统 2010年第4期16卷 810-816页

作者：张志峰肖人彬南昌航空大学经济管理学院江西南昌330063 华中科技大学CAD中心湖北武汉430074

针对由不同生产方式或生产结构引起的不同生产运行状况间缺乏定量评价方法的问题,从模糊熵概念出发,依据信息熵原理及有序度定义,建立了生产系统要素条件下的物流运行熵模型,同时从生产物流系统构成要素角度建立了生产系统运行评价指标... 详细信息

针对由不同生产方式或生产结构引起的不同生产运行状况间缺乏定量评价方法的问题,从模糊熵概念出发,依据信息熵原理及有序度定义,建立了生产系统要素条件下的物流运行熵模型,同时从生产物流系统构成要素角度建立了生产系统运行评价指标体系。实证研究中以某加工车间实施单元制造前后的物流运行节点为研究对象,依据所建立的生产系统运行评价指标体系,应用所建运行熵和有序度模型,最终求解出两种不同状态下的运行熵,结果验证了该方法的合理性,并扩展了此类运行熵模型的应用范围。

关键词：物流熵生产物流系统评价有序度

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