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Heat Health Risk and Adaptability Assessments at the Subdistrict Scale in Metropolitan Beijing

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第6期13卷 987-1003页

作者： Xiaokang Su Fang Wang Demin Zhou hongwen zhang Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Beijing Meteorological Disaster Prevention Center Beijing 100089China

Against the background of global climate change, the increasing heat health risk from the combined effect of changes in high temperature, exposure, vulnerability, and other factors has become a growing *** the low number of temperature observation stations is insufficient to represent the complex changes in urban heatwaves, and subdistrict-scale(town, township, neighborhood committee, and equivalent) heat health risk and adaptability assessments are still limited. In this study, we built daytime and nighttime high-temperature interpolation models supported by data from 225 meteorological stations in *** models performed well at interpolating the cumulative hours of high temperature and the interpolation quality at night was better than that during the day. We further established a methodological framework for heat health risk and adaptability assessments based on heat hazard, population exposure, social vulnerability, and adaptability at the subdistrict scale in Beijing. Our results show that the heat health risk hotspots were mainly located in the central urban area,with 81 hotspots during the day and 76 at night. The average value of the heat health risk index of urban areas was 5.60 times higher than that of suburban areas in the daytime,and 6.70 times higher than that of suburban areas in the night. Greater population density and higher intensity of heat hazards were the main reasons for the high risk in most heat health risk hotspots. Combined with a heat-adaptive-capacity evaluation for hotspot areas, this study suggests that 11high-risk and low-adaptation subdistricts are priority areas for government action to reduce heat health risk in policy formulation and urban development.

关键词： Beijing Heat health risk Heat adaptability High-temperature interpolation models Subdistrict scale

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儿童肾功能异常的诊断思路

临床儿科杂志 2022年第2期40卷 155-159页

作者：张宏文北京大学第一医院儿科北京100034

肾功能异常指多种原因,包括肾脏疾病或非肾脏疾病引起的血肌酐和尿素氮升高,伴或不伴水肿、电解质紊乱、高血压等多系统、脏器累及症状。儿科临床上很大一部分患者以肾功能异常为首发表现。笔者就儿童肾功能异常的诊断思路进行综述,提... 详细信息

肾功能异常指多种原因,包括肾脏疾病或非肾脏疾病引起的血肌酐和尿素氮升高,伴或不伴水肿、电解质紊乱、高血压等多系统、脏器累及症状。儿科临床上很大一部分患者以肾功能异常为首发表现。笔者就儿童肾功能异常的诊断思路进行综述,提出儿童肾功能异常的诊断应该遵循病程和肾功能分期、定位、定因、并发症评估的程序,其中特别建议无论急性或慢性肾功能异常,肾功能分级均采用目前慢性肾脏病的国际分级标准,病因方面儿童肾功能异常仍以遗传性疾病最为常见。先天性肾脏和尿路畸形只是一种形态学诊断,其病因也可能仍以遗传因素为主。

关键词：肾功能异常诊断思路儿童

Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene in emulsion initiated by AIBN or V50

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第14期50卷 1445-1448页

作者： zhang Kai zhang hongwen LI Hongtu WANG Jingyuan College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130023 China

Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene was conducted in emulsion by using Cu(II)/2,2′- bipydine or Cu(II)/phen complexes, AIBN or V50 as the ini- tiator, Brij-98 or OP-10 as the surfactant. The results of GPC showed that both polymerization processes exhibit living characters when using AIBN as the initiator. However, when V50 was used, the monomer conversion was fairly low and the whole polymerization was not controlled well. The meas- urement of particle size and its distribution told us that the latex particles were mean and stable when using Brij-98 as the surfactant.

关键词：原子跃迁激进分子苯乙烯感光乳剂聚合体

Preparation and Biocompatibility of Polyester Films Grafted with Functional mPEG Copolymers

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2017年第5期33卷 847-852页

作者： MA Yanhong JIANG Yan LIANG Yuan zhang Weiwei zhang hongwen zhang Rong Institute of Agro-product Processing Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 P. R. China College of Materials Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China College of Life Science Agriculture and Forestry Qiqihar University Qiqihar 161006 R R. China Jiangsu Chenguang Paint Co. Ltd. Changzhou 213154 P. R. China

The surface ofpoly（ethylene terephthalate）（PET） films is inert, hydrophobic, and incompatible with blood, which has limited its practical bioapplication. In this case, better biocompatibility could be achieved by surface modification. In this study, the grafted copolymer of functional methoxypolyethylene glycol（mPEG） derivatives and styrene from the PET surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization（SI-ATRP）. The structures, composition, properties and surface morphology of the grafted PET films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, contact angle measurements and scanning electronic microscopy（SEM）. The results indicate that the surface of the PET films has been covered by a thick targeted copolymer layer that converted the hydrophobic surface of PET to an amphiphilic surface. The bacte- rial adhesion and cell culture results indicate the copolymer-grafted PET film may possess good biocompatibility.

关键词： Poly(ethylene terephthalate) film Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization(SI-ATRP) Bio- compatibility

Synthesis and Characterization of Monodisperse Emulsion Copolymer

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2016年第1期32卷 134-139页

作者： JIANG Yan SUN Xu LI Bin REN Xiaojun zhang hongwen zhang Rong School of Material Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China Department of Chemistry College of Liberal Arts and Sciences University of Colorado Denver 80217-3364 USA Jiangsu Chenguang Paint Co. Ltd. Changzhou 213154 P. R. China

Monodisperse emulsion copolymer was synthesized by semi-continuous core-shell emulsion polymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate and γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane（KH570）. The emulsion particles size and its polydispersion were measured by dynamic light scattering（DLS）. The properties of emulsion copolymer were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）, thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） and measurement of contact angle. The particle morphology was observed under a transmission electron microscope（TEM） and atomic force microscopy（AFM）. The results indicate that emulsion nanoparticles containing silicon possess core-shell structures and narrow polydispersity（PDI≤0.08）. The thermal stability and hydrophobicity of emulsion copolymer were improved with KH570 introduced into the system.

关键词： γ-Methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane(KH570) Emulsion polymerization Monodisperse nanoparticle

Onion-structured transition metal dichalcogenide nanoparticles by laser fabrication in liquids and atmospheres

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第7期31卷 8-16页

作者： Le Zhou hongwen zhang Qian Zhao Weiping Cai Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

Since the discovery of transition metal dichalcogenide(TMDC)nanoparticles(NPs)with the onion-like structure,many efforts have been made to develop their fabrication *** fabrication(LF)is one of the most promising methods to prepare onion-structured TMDC(or OS-TMDC)NPs due to its green,flexible,and scalable *** this mini-review article,we systematically introduce various laser-induced OS-TMDC(especially the OS-MoS_(2))NPs,their formation mechanism,properties,and *** preparation routes mainly include laser ablation in liquids and atmospheres,and laser irradiation in *** various formation mechanisms are then introduced based on the different preparation routes,to describe the formations of the corresponding ***,some interesting properties and novel applications of these NPs are briefly demonstrated,and a short outlook is also *** review could help to understand the progress of the laser-induced OS-TMDC NPs and their applications.

关键词： transition metal dichalcogenide nanoparticles onion-like structure laser fabrication in liquids formation mechanism

Thermal safety analysis of aluminum matrix B4C irradiation in-pile

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2013年第B12期24卷 79-82页

作者： MI Xiangmiao QIAN Dazhi zhang Zhihua HUANG hongwen GUO Haibin Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 China

Aluminum matrix B4C is a new structural material for spent fuel storage and related performances need in-depth research, especially the irradiation-resistance capability. The thermal calculations were completed by using the CFD software to ensure the safety of the in-pile irradiation test. Considering the characteristic of the irradiation project, the thermal safety feature of the in-pile test was analyzed, and the irradiation project was optimized.

关键词：安全性分析 B4C 照射铝基乏燃料贮存 CFD软件结构材料安全功能

Cd3(C3N3S3)2 coordination polymer/graphene nanoarchitectures for enhanced photocatalytic H2O2 production under visible light

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Science Bulletin 2017年第9期62卷 610-618页

作者： Jie Xu Zhenye Chen hongwen zhang Guibin Lin Huaxiang Lin Xuxu Wang Jinlin Long State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research(SANKEN) Osaka UniversityOsaka 567-0047Japan

For a long time, there has been global concern over the environment and energy problems. Recently, the problems, which have brought about serious effect on the global living condition, have been in the ‘‘spotlight" and given impetus to the universal's efforts to head for the same direction: stem the worst warming and strive for the renewable energy source. Hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) is undoubtedly a good choice,which holds the promise as a clean, efficient, safe and transferrable energy carrier. Octahedral coordination polymer, Cd_3(C_3N_3S_3)_2, was found to be a robust photocatalyst for H_2O_2 generation under visible light irradiation. To further improve the H_2O_2 generation efficiency, adhering the octahedron to reduced graphene(rGO) was applied as the strategy herein. The study shows that by adhering Cd_3(C_3N_3S_3)_2to rGO, the formation of H_2O_2 is 2.5-fold enhanced and its deformation is concurrently suppressed. This work not only demonstrates the effectiveness of adhering Cd_3(C_3N_3S_3)_2polymer to rGO for the improvement of the polymer's photocatalytic performance, but also proposes a general way for the fabrication of graphene/coordination compound hybrids for maximizing their synergy.

关键词： Photocatalysis Coordination polymer rGO Cd3(C3N3S3)2 H2O2 generation

Engineering versatile Au-based catalysts for solar-to-fuel conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第8期83卷 341-362,I0010页

作者： Chunhua Wang hongwen zhang Feili Lai Zhirun Xie Yun Hau Ng Bo Weng Xuejiao Wu Yuhe Liao Department of Chemistry KU LeuvenCelestijinenlaan 200F3001 LeuvenBelgium cMACS Department of Microbial and Molecular SystemsKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200F3001 LeuvenBelgium School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong 999077China Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringKU Leuven3001 LeuvenBelgium Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina

Gold(Au) nanostructures(NSs) have been widely employed as cocatalysts to improve the photoactivity of semiconductor materials, while a systematic summary of the engineering approaches of Au NSs to maximize the solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency is still lacking. In this review, the recently developed strategies for elevating the overall photocatalytic performance of Au-based catalysts and the deep physical chemistry mechanisms are highlighted. Firstly, the synthetic approaches of Au NSs are summarized, followed by an elaboration on their multiple functions in improving photoactivity. Afterward, modification strategies of Au NSs used to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of Au-semiconductor composites,including controlling the Au NSs morphology, size, crystal phase, defect engineering, alloying with different metals, modulating interfacial interaction, and introducing an external field, are summarized and discussed independently. Additionally, advanced characterization techniques that can provide insights into the charge dynamics of the photocatalysts are introduced. Finally, we share our opinion on the challenges and outline potentially promising opportunities and directions for efficient Au-based photocatalysis research moving forward. We sincerely look forward to this review can deliver insightful views to design efficient Au-based photocatalysts and spur certain innovations to other metal-based catalysts.

关键词： Au nanostructures Modification strategies Semiconductor Photocatalysis Solar-to-fuel conversion