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固定化微生物技术在多环芳烃污染土壤修复中的应用

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环境工程技术学报 2024年第5期14卷 1617-1626页

作者：张静周南张盼月王慧张光明北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院清华大学环境学院河北工业大学能源与环境工程学院

固定化微生物技术是修复多环芳烃（PAHs）污染土壤有效且环保的方法之一。该技术通过保护微生物免受周围恶劣环境的影响，在PAHs污染场地修复中长时间保持功能微生物活性，克服传统微生物修复效率低、周期长等问题。主要介绍了我国土壤P... 详细信息

固定化微生物技术是修复多环芳烃（PAHs）污染土壤有效且环保的方法之一。该技术通过保护微生物免受周围恶劣环境的影响，在PAHs污染场地修复中长时间保持功能微生物活性，克服传统微生物修复效率低、周期长等问题。主要介绍了我国土壤PAHs污染现状及常见的PAHs污染土壤微生物修复技术；从载体材料、降解菌及固定条件3个方面综述固定化微生物技术的研究现状以及影响固定化效果的重要因素；从土壤环境、微生物群落和吸附-降解过程分析PAHs污染土壤固定化微生物修复的作用机制；最后从载体材料、功能微生物、固定方法、评价体系、生态风险和实际应用6个方面，对固定化微生物技术在PAHs污染土壤修复中存在的问题进行总结并提出展望。

关键词：多环芳烃(PAHs) 固定化微生物土壤修复

乳酸菌肽聚糖对雏鸭饲粮中黄曲霉毒素B 1的脱毒效果研究

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动物营养学报 2024年第7期36卷 4339-4349页

作者：邵怡豪王煜琦张宇豪张广明肖发沂李庆梅山东畜牧兽医职业学院动物科技学院潍坊261061 烟台市牟平区动物疫病预防与控制中心烟台264100

本试验旨在探究乳酸菌肽聚糖对黄曲霉毒素B_(1)(AFB_(1))的吸附作用,为乳酸菌肽聚糖的制备和饲粮中AFB_(1)的脱毒提供科学依据及理论基础。试验以4种乳酸菌(嗜酸乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌)为原料提取乳酸菌肽聚糖,... 详细信息

本试验旨在探究乳酸菌肽聚糖对黄曲霉毒素B_(1)(AFB_(1))的吸附作用,为乳酸菌肽聚糖的制备和饲粮中AFB_(1)的脱毒提供科学依据及理论基础。试验以4种乳酸菌(嗜酸乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌)为原料提取乳酸菌肽聚糖,采用高效液相色谱法比较4种乳酸菌肽聚糖对AFB_(1)的体外吸附率,选取体外吸附效果最好的罗伊氏乳杆菌肽聚糖进行动物试验。选择1日龄健康樱桃谷鸭120只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复6只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,AFB_(1)组在基础饲粮中添加0.10 mg/kg AFB_(1),试验组在AFB_(1)组饲粮中分别添加0.10%(Ⅰ组)、0.15%(Ⅱ组)和0.20%(Ⅲ组)罗伊氏乳杆菌肽聚糖。预试期3 d,正试期21 d。结果表明:1)乳酸菌肽聚糖种类、添加量及二者的交互作用均能够显著影响AFB_(1)的体外吸附率(P<0.05),其中10.0 mg/mL罗伊氏乳杆菌肽聚糖对AFB_(1)的体外吸附率最高,达75.29%。2)与对照组相比,AFB_(1)组的平均日增重、平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05),料重比显著升高(P<0.05);血浆谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),肝脏、脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊指数显著升高(P<0.05),血浆免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与AFB_(1)组相比,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的血浆IgG、IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4含量和SOD、GSH-Px活性显著升高(P<0.05),血浆AST、AKP、ALT活性及MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的胸腺和法氏囊指数显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,不同乳酸菌肽聚糖对AFB_(1)体外吸附效果不同,饲粮中添加罗伊氏乳杆菌肽聚糖能够部分消除AFB_(1)对雏鸭造成的生长性能下降,改善AFB_(1)所导致的免疫功能降低以及肝脏毒性。

关键词：肽聚糖乳酸菌黄曲霉毒素B 1 生长性能脱毒效果

Effects of different sludge disintegration methods on sludge moisture distribution and dewatering performance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第2期27卷 22-28页

作者： Lingyun Jin guangming zhang Xiang Zheng School of Environment & Resource Renmin University of China

A key step in sludge treatment is sludge dewatering. However, activated sludge is generally very difficult to be dewatered. Sludge dewatering performance is largely affected by the sludge moisture distribution. Sludge disintegration can destroy the sludge structure and cell wall, so as change the sludge floc structure and moisture distribution, thus affecting the dewatering performance of sludge. In this article, the disintegration methods were ultrasound treatment, K2 Fe O4oxidation and KMn O4 oxidation. The degree of disintegration（DDCOD）, sludge moisture distribution and the final water content of sludge cake after centrifuging were measured. Results showed that three disintegration methods were all effective, and K2 Fe O4oxidation was more efficient than KMn O4 oxidation. The content of free water increased obviously with K2 Fe O4and KMn O4 oxidations, while it decreased with ultrasound treatment. The changes of free water and interstitial water were in the opposite trend. The content of bounding water decreased with K2 Fe O4oxidation, and increased slightly with KMn O4 oxidation, while it increased obviously with ultrasound treatment. The water content of sludge cake after centrifuging decreased with K2 Fe O4oxidation, and did not changed with KMn O4 oxidation, but increased obviously with ultrasound treatment. In summary, ultrasound treatment deteriorated the sludge dewaterability, while K2 Fe O4and KMn O4 oxidation improved the sludge dewaterability.

关键词： Ultrasound treatment K2Fe O4oxidation KMn O4oxidation Sludge moisture distribution Dewatering performance

Enhancement of sludge gravitational thickening with weak ultrasound

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第5期6卷 753-760页

作者： Panyue zhang Tian WAN guangming zhang School of Environment Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Gravitational thickening is the prevailing method to reduce sludge volume but the process is slow and usually requires addition of polyelectrolyte（s）. This paper investigated the potential benefits of sonication on enhancing the sludge gravitational thickening with very low energy dose, so called ＂weak ultrasound＂. Results showed that weak sonication significantly changed the sludge settlability and the main mechanism was release of the loosely bounded extracellular polymeric substances. The changes in sludge behaviors by sonication were strongly influenced by power density and sonication duration. Lower sound frequency was slightly better than higher frequency. Weak sonication （〈 680 ***1 DS） improved the sludge gravitational thickening while high ultrasonic energy deteriorated the process. Considering both the sludge thickening efficiency and energy con- sumption the optimum conditions were 0.15 W. mL-l, 7 s, and 25 kHz. Under such conditions, the energy dose was only 155 ***-1 DS, much lower than literature reports, and the sludge settling time was shortened from 24 h to 12 h. Weak sonication could substitute expensive poly- electrolyte coagulant for sludge thickening. Combination of weak sonication and polyelectrolyte could further reduce the settling time to 6 h. The final water content of the thickened sludge was not changed after sonication or polyelectrolyte addition.

关键词： activated sludge sonication settlability dryweight extracellular polymeric substances polyelectrolyte

EVA-突变级数法在物流企业价值评估中的应用研究

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物流科技 2024年第18期47卷 69-76页

作者：赵治强张光明广西科技大学经济与管理学院

近年来，国家层面的物流政策持续利好，物流行业的发展迎来了巨大机遇，物流企业间的并购重组、股权转让、引入战略投资者等相关经济活动日益频繁，资本市场对物流企业的价值评估需求不断增长。针对传统EVA法的不足之处，文章引入灰色... 详细信息

近年来，国家层面的物流政策持续利好，物流行业的发展迎来了巨大机遇，物流企业间的并购重组、股权转让、引入战略投资者等相关经济活动日益频繁，资本市场对物流企业的价值评估需求不断增长。针对传统EVA法的不足之处，文章引入灰色预测模型和突变级数法以弥补其预测未来数据时缺乏客观方法、未考虑非财务因素对企业价值的影响等缺陷，从而构建一个更为全面合理的物流企业价值评估模型。选取W公司进行案例分析以验证评估模型的有效性。研究结果表明，改进后的EVA法更为准确合理，这也为其他物流企业的价值评估提供了一定的参考意义。

关键词：物流企业企业价值评估 EVA法灰色预测模型突变级数法

Mg^(2+) improves biomass production from soybean wastewater using purple non-sulfur bacteria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第2期27卷 43-46页

作者： Pan Wu guangming zhang Jianzheng Li State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology School of Environment & Resource Renmin University of China

Soybean wastewater was used to generate biomass resource by use of purple non-sulfur bacteria（PNSB）. This study investigated the enhancement of PNSB cell accumulation in wastewater by Mg2＋under the light-anaerobic condition. Results showed that with the optimal Mg2＋dosage of 10 mg/L, biomass production was improved by 70% to 3630 mg/L,and biomass yield also was improved by 60%. Chemical Oxygen Demand（COD） removal reached above 86% and hydraulic retention time was shortened from 96 to 72 hr. The mechanism analysis indicated that Mg2＋could promote the content of bacteriochlorophyll in photosynthesis because Mg2＋is the bacteriochlorophyll active center, and thus improved adenosine triphosphate（ATP） production. An increase of ATP production enhanced the conversion of organic matter in wastewater into PNSB cell materials（biomass yield） and COD removal, leading to more biomass production. With 10 mg/L Mg2＋, bacteriochlorophyll content and ATP production were improved by 60% and 33% respectively.

关键词： Purple non-sulfur bacteria Mg2+ Biomass resource Soybean wastewater Photosynthesis

Research on FMC analytic algorithm of PBN track transition coding

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2023年第4期34卷 1042-1052页

作者： zhang guangming REN Siqian ZHAO Weiwei LI Xiuyi School of Flight Technology Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307China

Airborne navigation database(NavDB)coding directly affects the result of analysis on the instrument flight procedure by the modern aircraft flight management computer(FMC).A reasonable flight track transition mode can improve the track tracking accuracy and flight quality of the *** to the path terminator(PT)and track transition characteristics of the performance based navigation(PBN)instrument flight procedure and by use of the world geodetic system(WGS)-84 ellipsoidal coordinate system,the algorithms for“fly by”and“fly over”track transition connections are developed,together with the algorithms for coordinates of fix-to-altitude(FA)altitude termination point and heading-to-an-intercept(VI)track entry point and for track transition display of the navigation display(ND).According to the simulation carried out based on the PBN instrument approach procedure coding of a certain airport and the PBN route data at a high altitude,the algorithm results are consistent with the FMC-calculated results and the actual ND results.

关键词： flight management computer(FMC) performance based navigation(PBN) path terminator(PT) navigation database(NavDB)coding track transition

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经皮左心耳封堵术的争议与探索

中国循环杂志 2024年第8期39卷 828-832页

作者：杨婧尤玲张艳张光明耿雪邢航航谢瑞芹河北医科大学第二医院心内一科石家庄050000

经皮左心耳封堵术(LAAO)已成为不能耐受口服抗凝药的非瓣膜性心房颤动患者脑卒中预防的一种替代治疗策略。多项研究证实,LAAO预防血栓栓塞事件具有良好的安全性及有效性。随着国内外专家对LAAO逐渐认可,该技术在心房颤动患者脑卒中预防... 详细信息

经皮左心耳封堵术(LAAO)已成为不能耐受口服抗凝药的非瓣膜性心房颤动患者脑卒中预防的一种替代治疗策略。多项研究证实,LAAO预防血栓栓塞事件具有良好的安全性及有效性。随着国内外专家对LAAO逐渐认可,该技术在心房颤动患者脑卒中预防方面得到了迅速发展,但仍有许多问题值得深入探究。本文从LAAO对左心房结构和功能的影响、最佳的LAAO策略以及LAAO术后最佳的抗栓治疗等方面进行综述。

关键词：心房颤动左心耳封堵术左心房功能封堵策略抗栓治疗

Enhancement of ultrasonic disintegration of sewage sludge by aeration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第4期28卷 163-167页

作者： He Zhao Panyue zhang guangming zhang Rong Cheng School of Environment and Natural Resource Renmin University of China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University

Sonication is an effective way for sludge disintegration,which can significantly improve the efficiency of anaerobic digestion to reduce and recycle use of *** high energy consumption limits the wide application of *** order to improve ultrasonic sludge disintegration efficiency and reduce energy consumption,aeration was *** showed that sludge disintegration efficiency was improved significantly by combining aeration with *** aeration flow rate,gas bubble size,ultrasonic density and aeration timing had impacts on sludge disintegration *** that used in later stage of ultrasonic irradiation with low aeration flow rate,small gas bubbles significantly improved ultrasonic disintegration sludge *** the optimal conditions of 0.4 W/m L ultrasonic irradiation density,30 m L/min of aeration flow rate,5 min of aeration in later stage and small gas bubbles,ultrasonic sludge disintegration efficiency was increased by 45% and one third of ultrasonic energy was *** approach will greatly benefit the application of ultrasonic sludge disintegration and strongly promote the treatment and recycle of wastewater sludge.

关键词： Aeration Ultrasonic sludge disintegration Gas bubble size Ultrasonic irradiation density Ultrasonic irradiation stages