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Effect of Wave Nonlinearity on the Instantaneous Seabed Liquefaction

china Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 93-103页

作者： WANG Zhao-jun SUI Ti-ti zhang chi PAN Jun-ning Key Laboratory of Port Waterway and Sedimentation Engineering of the Ministry of TransportNanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210024China Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Protection(Hohai University) Ministry of EducationNanjing 210098China The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention Nanjing 210098China

The nonlinear variation of wave is commonly seen in nearshore area,and the resulting seabed response and liquefaction are of high concern to coastal engineers.In this study,an analytical formula considering the nonlinear wave skewness and asymmetry is adopted to provide wave pressure on the seabed surface.The liquefaction depth attenuation coefficient and width growth coefficient are defined to quantitatively characterize the nonlinear effect of wave on seabed liquefaction.Based on the 2D full dynamic model of wave-induced seabed response,a detailed parametric study is carried out in order to evaluate the influence of the nonlinear variation of wave loadings on seabed liquefaction.Further,new empirical prediction formulas are proposed to fast predict the maximum liquefaction under nonlinear wave.Results indicate that(1)Due to the influence of wave nonlinearity,the vertical transmission of negative pore water pressure in the seabed is hindered,and therefore,the amplitude decreases significantly.(2)In general,with the increase of wave nonlinearity,the liquefaction depth of seabed decreases gradually.Especially under asymmetric and skewed wave loading,the attenuation of maximum seabed liquefaction depth is the most significant among all the nonlinear wave conditions.However,highly skewed wave can cause the liquefaction depth of seabed greater than that under linear wave.(3)The asymmetry of wave pressure leads to the increase of liquefaction width,whereas the influence of skewedness is not significant.(4)Compared with the nonlinear waveform,seabed liquefaction is more sensitive to the variation of nonlinear degree of wave loading.

关键词： nonlinear wave seabed response seabed liquefaction numerical simulation liquefaction prediction

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Trend of Storm Surge Induced by Typical Landfall Super Typhoons During 1975–2021 in the Eastern china Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2024年第2期23卷 277-286页

作者： LUO Feng WANG Yi TAO Aifeng SHI Jian WANG Yongzhi zhang chi College of Harbour Coastal and Offshore EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Nantong Ocean and Coastal Engineering Research Institute Hohai UniversityNantong 226000China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal Disaster and Protection Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China The First Institute of Oceanography MNRQingdao 266061China

Climate change affects the activity of global and regional tropical cyclones(TCs).Among all TCs,typical super typhoons(STYs)are particularly devastating because they maintain their intensity when landing on the coast and thus cause casualties,economic losses,and environmental damage.Using a 3D tidal model,we reconstructed the typhoon(TY)wind field to simulate the storm surge induced by typical STYs.The TY activity was then analyzed using historical data.Results showed a downtrend of varying degrees in the annual frequency of STYs and TCs in the Western North Pacific(WNP)Basin,with a significant trend change observed for TCs from 1949 to 2021.A large difference in the interannual change in frequency was found between STYs and TCs in the WNP and Eastern china Sea(ECS).Along the coast of EC,the frequency of landfall TCs showed a weak downtrend,and the typical STYs showed reverse micro growth with peak activity in August.Zhejiang,Fujian,and Taiwan were highly vulnerable to the frontal hits of typical STYs.Affected by climate change,the average lifetime maximum intensity(LMI)locations and landfall locations of typical STYs in the ECS basin showed a significant poleward migration trend.In addition,the annual average LMI and accumulated cyclone energy showed an uptrend,indicating the increasing severity of the disaster risk.Affected by the typical STY activity in the ECS,the maximum storm surge area also showed poleward migration,and the coast of North china faced potential growth in high storm surge risks.

关键词： storm surge super typhoons tropical cyclones eastern china Sea poleward migration

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NPC Deputy Zhao Zhihai: ‘Father of Hybrid Millet’

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china News Release 2024年第3期 20-22页

作者： zhang chi 不详

Among the delegation of Heibei Province at the second session of the 14th National People’s Congress(NPC),china’s top legislature,one would easily notice an elderly,swarthy man with a big smile.He brought millet straws and ears with him and enthusiastically showed them to fellow deputies,journalists,and other people on the site.His name is Zhao Zhihai.Hailed as the“father of hybrid millet,”66-year-old Zhao is the chief expert at the zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences in zhangjiakou,Hebei Province.

关键词： delegation journal Deputy

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Wang Leyi,china's Greenhouse Revolution Pioneer

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中国新闻发布(英文版) 2024年第5期 61-64页

作者： zhang chi

Winter in Shouguang County,Weifang City,east china's Shandong Province used to be a time when fresh vegetables were not available.This history continued until 1989,when Wang Leyi,secretary of the Communist Party of china (CPC) branch of Sanyuanzhu Village in the county,led16 Party members successfully tried planting vegetables in solar greenhouses,which did not require coal but relied solely on sunlight for warmth in winter.This technology allowed the villagers to have fresh vegetables to eat in winter,and its popularization put an end to the history of not harvesting fresh vegetables in northern china during the winter.During our interview with Wang Leyi,we found him to be an 83-yearold man,but his sun-tanned face showed perseverance.Wearing a Party emblem on his chest,he was a very determined man.

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MoS2 nanoflowers and PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite enabling wearable dual-mode pressure sensors

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Science china Technological Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1737-1747页

作者： WANG FengMing YANG WeiJia MA Ke SHEN GengZhe SU DaoJian LI BaiJun WANG ShuangPeng QIN BoLong zhang chi XIN Yue CAO XiaoBing HE Xin School of Applied Physics and Materials Wuyi University Biomaterials R&D Center Zhuhai Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of Macau

A versatile sensing platform employing inorganic MoS2nanoflowers and organic poly（3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene）: poly（styrene sulfonate）(PEDOT:PSS) has been investigated to develop the resistive and capacitive force-sensitive devices. The microstructure of the sensing layer heightens the sensitivity and response time of the dual-mode pressure sensors by augmenting electron pathways and inner stress in response to mechanical stimuli. Consequently, the capacitive and resistive sensors exhibit sensitivities of 0.37 and 0.12 kPa-1, respectively, while demonstrating a remarkable response time of approximately 100 ms.Furthermore, it is noteworthy that the PEDOT:PSS layer exhibits excellent adhesion to polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS） substrates, which contributes to the development of highly robust force-sensitive sensors capable of enduring more than 10000loading/unloading cycles. The combination of MoS2/PEDOT:PSS layers in these dual-mode sensors has shown promising results in detecting human joint movements and subtle physiological signals. Notably, the sensors have achieved a remarkable precision rate of 98% in identifying target objects. These outcomes underscore the significant potential of these sensors for integration into applications such as electronic skin and human-machine interaction.

关键词： MoS2/PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite force-sensitive sensor multi-scaled microstructure physiological signals monitoring object grasping recognition

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Helmut Reichen:Trailblazer in Educational Exchanges Between Switzerland and china

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china News Release 2024年第1期 66-68页

作者： zhang chi Lin Min 不详

Helmut Reichen, former principal of Gymnasium Interlaken in Switzerland, recently revisited china after a four-year interval. Since his first trip to china in October 1978, he has made over 100 visits to this country,... 详细信息

关键词： Switzer Hel mut

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china's Buzzwords in Early 2024

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china News Release 2024年第3期 9-16页

作者： Zhao Huiying Hu Mengfe iXia Ouyang Gao Qianqian zhang chi 不详

The second session of the 14th National People’s Congress(NPC)and the second session of the 14th National Committee of the chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)were held on March 3–11,2024.The a... 详细信息

关键词： china session political

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Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of E/F/H-Class Gas Turbine Combined Cycle with Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Inlet/Variable Guide Vane Adjustment under Part-Load Conditions

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 348-367页

作者： LI Keying chi Jinling WANG Bo zhang Shijie Key Lab of Advanced Energy and Power Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Mechanical Electronic&Information Engineering China University of Mining&Technology-BeijingBeijing 100083China

Exhaust gas recirculation control(EGRC),an inlet air heating technology,can be utilized in combination with inlet/variable guide vane control(IGV/VGVC) and fuel flow control(FFC) to regulate the load,thereby effectively improving the part-load(i.e.,off-design) performance of the gas turbine combined cycle(GTCC).In this study,the E-,F-,and H-Class EGR-GTCC design and off-design system models were established and validated to perform a comparative analysis of the part-load performance under the EGR-IGV-FFC and conventional IGV-FFC strategies in the E/F/H-Class GTCC.Results show that EGR-IGV-FFC has considerable potential for the part-load performance enhancement and can show a higher combined cycle efficiency than IGV-FFC in the E-,F-,and H-Class GTCCs.However,the part-load performance improvement in the corresponding GTCC was weakened for the higher class of the gas turbine because of the narrower load range of EGR action and the deterioration of the gas turbine performance.Furthermore,EGR-IGV-FFC was inferior to IGV-FFC in improving the performance at loads below 50% for the H-Class GTCC.The results obtained in this paper could help guide the application of EGR-IGV-FFC to enhance the part-load performance of various classes of GTCC systems.

关键词： E/F/H-Class gas turbine combined cycle performance improvement part-load conditions exhaust gas recirculation inlet/variable guide vane

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The fast method and convergence analysis of the fractional magnetohydrodynamic coupled flow and heat transfer model for the generalized second-grade fluid

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Science china Mathematics 2024年第4期67卷 919-950页

作者： Xiaoqing chi Hui zhang Xiaoyun Jiang School of Mathematics and Statistics Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China School of Mathematics Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

In this paper,we first establish a new fractional magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)coupled flow and heat transfer model for a generalized second-grade fluid.This coupled model consists of a fractional momentum equation and a heat conduction equation with a generalized form of Fourier law.The second-order fractional backward difference formula is applied to the temporal discretization and the Legendre spectral method is used for the spatial discretization.The fully discrete scheme is proved to be stable and convergent with an accuracy of O(τ^(2)+N-r),whereτis the time step-size and N is the polynomial degree.To reduce the memory requirements and computational cost,a fast method is developed,which is based on a globally uniform approximation of the trapezoidal rule for integrals on the real line.The strict convergence of the numerical scheme with this fast method is proved.We present the results of several numerical experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.Finally,we simulate the unsteady fractional MHD flow and heat transfer of the generalized second-grade fluid through a porous medium.The effects of the relevant parameters on the velocity and temperature are presented and analyzed in detail.

关键词： fractional MHD coupled flow and heat transfer model generalized second-grade fuid fast method convergence analysis numerical simulation

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Application of surfactant for improving leaching process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 181-190,I0007页

作者： Fang Zhou Lisen zhang Zhiwei Wang Yixin zhang Ru'an chi Xiaoyan Wu Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430073China

Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores(WREOs)in china are the main source of medium and heavy rare earths in the world.In order to improve the seepage and the mass transfer of traditional ammonium salt leaching process of WREOs,surfactants were added in the ammonium sulfate leaching solution and the ammonium chloride leaching solution.The leaching kinetics,the mass transfer process,and the adhesion work reduction factor calculated from the interfacial properties were studied to reveal the strengthening mechanism of surfactant.In the presence of the tested five surfactants,cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB),dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(DTAB),sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS),sodium oleate and oleic acid,the permeability of WREOs is improved,the rare earth(RE)leaching efficiency increase and the impurity aluminum(Al)leaching efficiency decrease,indicating its promotional effect on the leaching process of WREOs.Furthermore,CTAB shows a better leaching enhancement,and the optimal addition dosage is 0.4 g/L for the two ammonium salt leaching agent systems.The kinetics analysis shows the internal diffusion controls model of RE and Al leaching process,and the leaching kinetics equations of RE and Al related to CTAB concentration were obtained for the two ammonium salt leaching systems.According to the chromatographic plate theory,the mass transfer efficiency of RE increases with the CTAB concentration increasing until 0.4 g/L,which confirms that the optimal CTAB addition is 0.4 g/L.Smaller adhesion work and adhesion work reduction factor indicate more favorable permeation as well as the leaching process.

关键词： Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores Surfactant Kinetics Mass transfer

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