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Environmental benefits and farmers' adoption of winter cover crops in the North China Plain

Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 159-169页

作者： Shufang GUO Yitao ZHANG Limei zhai Jian LIU Hongyuan WANG Hongbin LIU State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution ControlMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650205China Shandong Yucheng Agro-ecosystem National Observation Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China The Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research(NIBIO) Akershus 1431Norway

The introduction of cover crops into monoculture systems to improve soil health has been widely adopted worldwide. However, little is known about the environmental risks and application prospects of different cover crops in spring maize(Zea mays L.) monocultures proposed in the North China Plain. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different winter cover crops on subsequent maize yield, soil fertility, and environmental risks of nitrogen(N) loss, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to examine factors influencing farmers' willingness to adopt cover crops in the North China Plain. Based on the same fertilization regime during the maize growing period, four winter cover crop treatments were set up, including bare fallow, hairy vetch(Vicia villosa Roth.), February orchid(Orychophragmus violaceus), and winter oilseed rape(Brassica campestris L.). The results indicated that winter cover crops significantly increased subsequent maize yield and soil organic carbon, total N, and microbial biomass carbon and N compared with the bare fallow *** incorporation of cover crops led to a negligible increase in nitrous oxide(N_(2)O) emissions and had a very limited effect on ammonia(NH_(3)) *** incorporation of February orchid and winter oilseed rape decreased nitrate leaching compared with the hairy vetch treatment in the maize growing *** N losses via N_(2)O and NH_(3) emissions and N leaching accounted for 71%–84% of the N surplus. However, yield increase and environmental benefits were not the main positive factors for farmers to accept cover crops. Financial incentive was rated by 83.9% of farmers as an “extremely important” factor, followed by other costs, when considering winter cover cropping. These results indicate that the environmental benefits depend on the type of cover crop. Maintaining high levels of soil fertility and maize yield, providing sufficient subsidies, and encouraging large-area cultivation of cover crops

关键词： cover crop N leaching NH_(3)emission N_(2)O emission spring maize willingness to accept

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The Origin of Mesozoic A-type Granitoids,Fujian Province,Southeast China:Insights from Geochronology,mineralogy and Geochemistry

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 630-640页

作者： XIE Qifeng DONG Yunpeng CAI Yuanfeng zhai mingguo XIAO Aifang ZHANG Hong Zijin School of Geology and mining Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China State Key Laboratory for mineral Deposits Research Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The magma sources,origins and precise forming ages of the miarolite from Qishan and Kuiqi intrusions are still *** results reveal that,miarolites from the Qishan and Kuiqi intrusions yield crystallization ages of~101 and~98 Ma,and they have a high formation temperature(~910℃)and low oxygen fugacity value,indicating crystallization condition at low pressure in the upper crust with temperature of 678℃.The Qishan and Kuiqi miarolites are characterized by enrichment in SiO_(2) and high-K alkali,depletion in Ca and Mg,and belong to the high-K weak peraluminous rock *** samples are enriched in HFSEs(i.e.,Ta,Zr and Hf)and LILEs(i.e.,Ba,P and Sr),depleted in Ba and Sr with the negative anomaly of *** the primitive mantle normalized trace element spider diagram,the samples show a right-inclined‘seagull-type’pattern,combined the ratios of(La/Yb)_(N),10000×Al/Ga,Rb/Nb and Nb/Ta etc.,they were proved to be alkaline A-type *** the characterize of the trace elements,they were derived from clay-rich source accompanied pelite melting,and subjected to K-feldspar crystallization *** values of ε_(Hf)(t)and tDM2 are distributed in the range of-2.8 to 3.3 with~1.2 Ga,and-6.0 to 4.0 with~1.2 Ga,revealing that they were generated from the Mesoproterozoic Cathaysia basement *** comprehensive research reveals the Kuiqi and Qishan intrusions derived from crust-mantle mixing and partial melting of the crust,respectively,resulting from lithospheric extension generated by the Paleo-Pacific Plate subducted into the European-Asian Plate.

关键词： A-type granitoid geochronology extension subduction Mesozoic Southeast China

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The Application of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Small Electrical Time Constant in Fiber Positioner

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 212-222页

作者： Shaoxiong Guo Yan Yang Yanbin Yin Yihu Tang Yang Tian Chao zhai Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Biomedical Engineering Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Experiment Center of Engineering and Material Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

With the development of cutting-edge multi-object spectrographs,fiber positioners located in the focal plane are being scaled down in size,and miniature hollow-cup Permanent Magnet motors are now being considered as a suitable replacement for Faulhaber Precistep stepper ***,the small electrical time constant of such coreless motors poses a challenge,as the problem of severe commutation torque ripple in a fiber positioner running a position loop has been *** overcome this challenge,it is advised to increase the Pulse Width Modulation(PWM)frequency as much as possible to mitigate the effects of the current *** must be done while ensuring adequate resolution of the PWM *** employing a voltage open-loop field-oriented control based on a modulation frequency of 1 MHz,the drive current only costs 25 m A under a 3.3 V power *** sine degree of phase current is immaculate,and the repeat positioning accuracy can reach 2μ***,it is possible to further shrink the bill of devices and the layout area of the Printed Circuit Board,especially in sizesensitive *** device has been developed under the new generation of The Large Sky Area MultiObject Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope.

关键词： instrumentation:adaptive optics instrumentation:spectrographs proper motions reference systems

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趋化因子及其受体表达与系统性红斑狼疮临床特征相关性研究

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中华医学杂志 2006年第43期86卷 3051-3054页

作者：陶金辉李向培厉小梅阚明翟志敏王玮安徽医科大学附属省立医院风湿免疫科合肥230001 安徽省合肥市第一人民医院肾脏内科

目的研究趋化因子及受体变化与系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)临床特征的相关性。方法采用ELISA法检测37例初发SLE患者和20例正常对照的巨噬细胞炎症蛋白(MIP)-1α、巨噬细胞炎症蛋白(MIP)-1β、激活正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(RANTES)的血清水平,... 详细信息

目的研究趋化因子及受体变化与系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)临床特征的相关性。方法采用ELISA法检测37例初发SLE患者和20例正常对照的巨噬细胞炎症蛋白(MIP)-1α、巨噬细胞炎症蛋白(MIP)-1β、激活正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(RANTES)的血清水平,用流式细胞术检测其中18例初发SLE患者及10例正常对照外周血CD4+T细胞表面趋化因子受体CCR1、CCR3、CCR5的表达情况,分析它们的变化与不同临床特征的相关性。结果SLE伴发热患者血清MIP-1α浓度为(52±27)ng/L,体温正常的SLE患者为(28±19)ng/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0·01);SLE伴关节炎患者血清MIP-1β浓度为(221±158)ng/L,不伴关节炎患者为(95±83)ng/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0·01);血清RANTES浓度在血小板减少的SLE患者中为(130±122)ng/L,血小板正常患者为(212±114)ng/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0·05);抗RNP抗体阳性的SLE患者外周血CD4+T细胞中CD4+CCR3+细胞亚群百分率为(14·8±3·0)%,抗RNP抗体阴性患者为(11·3±2·6)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0·05)。结论不同的趋化因子及受体表达异常可能与系统性红斑狼疮系统不同临床特征有关。

关键词：红斑狼疮,系统性趋化因子受体,趋化因子

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Uptrend of the Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Outflow Height during 1959-2021

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第2期38卷 339-350页

作者： Yuan SUN zhihao FENG Wei ZHONG Panmao zhai Yanluan LIN Shuo LYU College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyNanjing 211100 College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084

Relatively little is known about the impact of global warming on the tropical cyclone(TC)outflow,despite its large contribution to TC *** this study,based on the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship(IBTrACS)dataset and ERA5 reanalysis data,we show that the TC outflow height has risen significantly(48.20±22.18 m decades-1)in the past decades(1959-2021)over the western North Pacific,and the rising trend tends to be sharper for stronger TCs(the uptrend of severe typhoon is 61.09±40.92 m decades-1).This rising trend of the outflow height explains the contradiction between the decrease trend of the TC outflow temperature and the increase trend of the atmospheric troposphere ***,possible contribution of the TC outflow height uptrend to TC intensity has also been *** results show that the rise of outflow height leads to the decrease of outflow temperature,and thus an increased difference between underlying sea surface temperature(SST)and TC outflow temperature,which eventually favors the increase of TC intensity.

关键词： tropical cyclone outflow height global warming western North Pacific

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IL-35及其诱导产生的新型调节性T细胞——iTR35细胞

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国际免疫学杂志 2013年第5期36卷 329-332页

作者：陶千山翟志敏安徽医科大学第二附属医院血液科合肥230601

调节性T细胞（Treg）诱导的免疫逃逸机制是肿瘤发生的关键因素之一.IL-35是一种新发现的主要来源于Treg的抑制性细胞因子,其不仅可以作为Treg的重要效应分子直接参与免疫调节,还可以诱导产生一种新型Foxp3Treg——iTR35细胞,从而在肿瘤... 详细信息

调节性T细胞（Treg）诱导的免疫逃逸机制是肿瘤发生的关键因素之一.IL-35是一种新发现的主要来源于Treg的抑制性细胞因子,其不仅可以作为Treg的重要效应分子直接参与免疫调节,还可以诱导产生一种新型Foxp3Treg——iTR35细胞,从而在肿瘤免疫逃逸过程中级联放大Treg的免疫调节作用,成为进一步促进肿瘤发展和影响抗肿瘤治疗的重要因素.

关键词：肿瘤免疫逃逸调节性T细胞 IL-35 iTR35细胞

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Customization of FeNi alloy nanosheet arrays inserted with biomass-derived carbon templates for boosted electromagnetic wave absorption

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International Journal of minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 812-824页

作者： Xuanqi Yang Honghan Wang Jing Chen Qingda An Zuoyi Xiao Jingai Hao Shangru zhai Junye Sheng Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic BiorefineryCollege of Light Industry and Chemical EngineeringDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China Qingdao Medical College Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

Electromagnetic wave(EMW)-absorbing materials have considerable capacity in the military field and the prevention of EMW radiation from harming human ***,obtaining lightweight,high-performance,and broadband EMW-absorbing material remains an overwhelming *** dielectric/magnetic composites with customized structures is a strategy with great promise for the development of high-performance EMW-absorbing *** layered double hydroxides as the precursors of bimetallic alloys and combining them with porous biomass-derived carbon materials is a potential way for constructing multi-interface heterostructures as efficient EMW-absorbing materials because they have synergistic losses,low costs,abundant resources,and light ***,FeNi alloy nanosheet array/Lycopodium spore-derived carbon(FeNi/LSC)was prepared through a simple hydrothermal and carbonization ***/LSC presents ideal EMW-absorbing performance by benefiting from the FeNi alloy nanosheet array,sponge-like structure,capability for impedance matching,and improved dielectric/magnetic *** expected,FeNi/LSC exhibited the minimum reflection loss of-58.3 dB at 1.5 mm with 20wt%filler content and a widely effective absorption bandwidth of 4.92 ***/LSC composites with effective EMW-absorbing performance provide new insights into the customization of biomass-derived composites as high-performance and lightweight broadband EMW-absorbing materials.

关键词： spore-derived carbon FeNi alloy nanosheet array multi-interface heterostructures synergistic effect efficient electromagnet-ic wave absorption

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Pd/N-doped carbon dots@dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres:A highly efficient catalyst for the hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7967-7974页

作者： Weiruo Liu Yanbin Zhu Jiwei Wang Haisong Feng Yunpu zhai Wei Li Dongyuan Zhao College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University100 Kexue AvenueZhengzhou 450001China Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Advanced MaterialsShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materialsand State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Highly dispersed Pd/N-doped carbon dots(Pd/NCDs)were successfully immobilized in the mesoporous channels of amino-functionalized dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres(NMS).The synthesized Pd/NCDs@NMS catalyst exhibits outstanding performance in the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol(4-NP),achieving a turnover frequency of 1461.8 mol·molPd^(-1)·h^(-1),with the conversion rate remaining above 80%after 11 *** and density functional theory calculations reveal that the NCDs significantly affect the electronic structure of Pd nanoparticles,leading to changes in the energy barriers for the adsorption of 4-NP at the Pd sites and the conversion of 4-NP reaction intermediates,which is a key factor contributing to the catalytic *** study offers a new strategy for synthesizing carbon-dot-modified metal-based catalysts.

关键词： palladium nanoparticles nitrogen-doped carbon dots dendritic mesoporous silica catalytic hydrogenation 4-nitrophenol reduction

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Application of efficient and sustainable freeze-dissolving technology in manufacturing of KHCO_(3)ultrafine particles

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期5卷 266-272页

作者： Jiaqi Luo Qifan Su Qiushuo Yu Xinyue zhai Yuan Zou Huaiyu Yang School of Chemical Engineering Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei EnergyInternational Science&Technology Cooperation Base of MOST for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon ResourcesNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China Department of Chemical Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUUnited Kingdom

The development of ultrafine particles provided a new way to solve problems in the fields of energy,environment,and medicine,and had become one of the most promising ***,the application of ultrafine particles required the development of cleaner,greener,and more efficient preparation *** new freeze-dissolving technology has been applied in manufacturing of KHCO_(3)ultrafine particles,with an aqueous solution of 0.02-0.1 g KHCO_(3)/g *** ice particles were formed after dripping the solution into liquid *** antisolvent ethanol was used to dissolve the ice spherical template at a temperature below 273.15 K,and the pre-formed KHCO_(3)ultrafine particles inside the ice template remained in the ethanol aqueous *** ice particles were put into the freeze dryer to isolate the ultrafine KHCO_(3)*** with the particles produced with traditional freeze-drying technology,the ultrafine powder/particles produced by the freeze-dissolving technology were smaller with narrower size *** freeze-dissolving technology has demonstrated a much more sustainable and efficient manufacturing process than the traditional freeze-drying *** addition,the influence of the concentrations of KHCO_(3)and the sizes of ice particles were investigated with the discussions of mechanisms.

关键词： Freeze-dissolving Freeze-drying Ultrafine particles Sustainable

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急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者PML/RARα融合基因首次转阴时间及其临床意义探讨

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中国实验血液学杂志 2015年第6期23卷 1551-1555页

作者：蒲莲芳陶千山王会平翟志敏熊术道安徽医科大学第二附属医院血液科/血液实验室安徽合肥230601

目的:为了观察和分析急性早幼粒细胞白血病(acute promyelocytic leukemia,APL)PML/RARα融合基因首次转阴时间和首次转阴时间长短的临床意义。方法:选取我院初诊APL患者60例,按照APL临床路径行诱导缓解及缓解后巩固治疗和维持治疗;应... 详细信息

目的:为了观察和分析急性早幼粒细胞白血病(acute promyelocytic leukemia,APL)PML/RARα融合基因首次转阴时间和首次转阴时间长短的临床意义。方法:选取我院初诊APL患者60例,按照APL临床路径行诱导缓解及缓解后巩固治疗和维持治疗;应用多重巢式PCR动态监测APL患者PML/RARα融合基因的表达水平变化,计算首次转阴时间,随访观察并评价首次转阴时间的临床意义。结果:除3例死亡和1例失访外,其余56例初诊APL患者经正规治疗后,其PML/RARα融合基因均在24至381 d之间首次转阴,平均首次转阴时间为(131±90)d。首次转阴时间在PML/RARα融合基因不同亚型之间存在差异,L型转阴时间较S型的短(P=0.032),而不同年龄、性别、危险度分层组别之间差异均无统计学意义。首次转阴后的56例患者分别随访25 d至1979 d,中位随访时间为946 d,其中1例133 d首次转阴患者维持3个月后转阳并且随后出现临床复发,其余55例患者均长期保持分子水平缓解。结论:初诊APL患者PML/RARα融合基因平均约在正规治疗后4个月首次转阴;不同基因亚型之间首次转阴时间存在差异。PML/RARα融合基因首次转阴时间可客观反映APL患者治疗后白血病细胞的消减水平,对临床治疗有提示作用,但不能作为判断预后的绝对依据;以PML/RARα融合基因动态监测微小残留病灶对分析APL复发具有重要的临床意义。

关键词：白血病急性早幼粒细胞白血病 PML/RARα融合基因首次转阴时间

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