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Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies on the Cooling Process of Polyvinyl Chloride

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2006年第1期22卷 80-84页

作者： yang Hua LI ze-sheng yang yong-biao ZHANG Xiu-bin SUN Chia-chung State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China

By means of molecular dynamics simulation, the transition of the conformations of polyvinyl chloride during a cooling process from 600 to 300 K was studied. The results show that the amorphous polyvinyl chloride chain experiences the melting state, elastic state and glass state and the conformations can be characterized by the increases of the trans-state of C--C--C--C and the near gauche-state of C--C--C--C1 with the decrease of temperature. It is found that the transition of the conformations is driven mainly by the Coulomb interaction between chain segments.

关键词： Molecular dynamics simulation Polyvinyl chloride Cooling Conformation

An appropriate level of autophagy reduces emulsified isoflurane-induced apoptosis in fetal neural stem cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第12期15卷 2278-2285页

作者： ze-yong yang Lei Zhou Qiong Meng Hong Shi Yuan-Hai Li Department of Anesthesiology International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original DiseaseShanghai Municipal Key Clinical SpecialtyShanghaiChina Department of Anesthesiology First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Autophagy plays essential roles in cell ***,the functions and regulation of the autophagy-related proteins Atg5,LC3B,and Beclin 1 during anesthetic-induced developmental neurotoxicity remain *** study aimed to understand the autophagy pathways and mechanisms that affect neurotoxicity,induced by the anesthetic emulsified isoflurane,in rat fetal neural stem *** neural stem cells were cultured,in vitro,and neurotoxicity was induced by emulsified isoflurane *** effects of pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin and the effects of transfection with small interfering RNA against ATG5(siRNA-Atg5)were *** viability was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay,and apoptosis was assessed using flow *** changes were analyzed through transmission electron *** levels of the autophagy-related proteins LC3B,Beclin 1,Atg5,and P62 and the pro-apoptosis-related protein caspase-3 were analyzed using western blot *** inhibition of cell proliferation and that of apoptosis rate increased after treatment with emulsified ***,monolayer membrane formation due to lysosomal degradation,were *** autophagy-related proteins LC3B,Beclin 1,Atg5,and P62 and caspase-3 were *** results confirm that emulsified isoflurane can induce toxicity and autophagy in fetal neural stem ***-treatment with 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin increased the apoptosis rate in emulsified isoflurane-treated fetal neural stem cells,which indicated that the complete inhibition of autophagy does not alleviate emulsified isoflurane-induced fetal neural stem cell ***5 expression was decreased significantly by siRNA-Atg5 transfection,and cell proliferation was *** results verify that the Atg5 autophagy pathway can be regulated to maintain appropriate levels of autophagy,which can inhibit

关键词： apoptosis Atg5 autophagy emulsified isoflurane fetal neural stem cells LC3B MTT neurodegenerative neurotoxicity

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火电站直接空冷凝汽器积灰监测

热能动力工程 2007年第2期22卷 172-175页

作者：杨立军杜小泽杨勇平刘登瀛华北电力大学能源与动力工程学院电站设备状态监测与控制教育部重点实验室北京102206

火电站直接空冷凝汽器积灰是影响传热性能的重要因素,研究直接空冷凝汽器积灰对传热性能的影响规律并提出监测措施具有重要意义。通过分析汽轮机背压与汽轮机排汽量、冷却空气流量、凝汽器传热系数、凝汽器总传热面积以及环境温度之间... 详细信息

火电站直接空冷凝汽器积灰是影响传热性能的重要因素,研究直接空冷凝汽器积灰对传热性能的影响规律并提出监测措施具有重要意义。通过分析汽轮机背压与汽轮机排汽量、冷却空气流量、凝汽器传热系数、凝汽器总传热面积以及环境温度之间的关系,得到了空冷凝汽器在维持汽轮机排汽量和冷却空气量不变时,汽轮机背压和传热系数之间的关系以及凝汽器积灰对汽轮机背压的影响。研究表明:凝汽器积灰会导致凝汽器传热系数降低,汽轮机背压升高,机组运行经济性下降。设计工况下,当蛇形翅片扁平管结构凝汽器积灰厚度达到1.2 mm时,汽轮机背压将增加50%左右。通过监测空冷机组运行过程中汽轮机背压的变化,可预报积灰的程度,为直接空冷凝汽器清洗提供一定的理论依据。

关键词：直接空冷凝汽器汽轮机背压传热特性积灰监测

Hydrogen-bonded organic framework-ionic liquid composite quasisolid electrolyte for high-performance lithium battery

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 332-340页

作者： Junmei Zhang Yatao Wu Chenye Wang yong Liu Zhirong yang Shiyue Zhou Wenpeng Li Wenjia Wu Jingtao Wang School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Ionic liquids(ILs)hold great promise as highperformance electrolyte material due to their unique advantages including nonvolatility,high thermal stability and high ionic ***,the IL-based electrolytes always suffer from serious ion aggregation and high viscosity at low temperatures,leading to significantly decline in ionic ***,hydrogen-bonded organic framework-ionic liquid composite quasi-solid electrolyte(high temperature treatment(HT)-HOF-IL CQSE)was prepared through confining the IL electrolytes(ILEs)into the pore of HOF lamellar *** weak hydrogen bonding interactions within HOF nanosheets,together with the generated interactions between ILE and HOF,enable uniform and continuous distribution of ILE in HOF lamellar *** effectively inhibits the ion migration of ILE,which meanwhile serves as Li+transfer sites,affording high ionic conductivity of 5.7×10^(-5)S·cm-1 at-60 ℃,with high lithium-ion transference number of 0.69,whereas ILEs usually lose ionic conduction ability at such low *** assembled Li symmetrical cell can stably cycle at 0.2 mA·cm^(-2)and^(-2)0 ℃ for more than 1500 *** LiFePO_(4)|HT-HOF-IL CQSE|Li cell shows excellent cycling performance at 0.5 C at a wide temperature range of^(-2)0 to 60 ℃.This work may pave a new avenue for the development of high-performance IL-based composite electrolytes.

关键词： ionic liquid hydrogen-bonded organic framework low-temperature ionic conductivity lithium-ion transference number quasi-solid electrolyte

Increase in the variability of terrestrial carbon uptake in response to enhanced future ENSO modulation

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 32-38页

作者： Younong Li Li Dan Jing Peng Qidong yang Fuqiang yang Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Processes in the Boundary Layer over the Low-Latitude Plateau Region Department of Atmospheric ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a major driver of climate change in middle and low latitudes and thus strongly influences the terrestrial carbon cycle through land-air *** the ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability are projected to increase in the future,but their connection still needs further *** investigate the impact of future ENSO modulation on carbon flux variability,this study used 10 CMIP6 earth system models to analyze ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability in middle and low latitudes,and their relationship,under different scenarios simulated by CMIP6 *** results show a high consistency in the simulations,with both ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability showing an increasing trend in the *** higher the emissions scenario,especially SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP2-4.5,the greater the increase in *** flux variability in the middle and low latitudes under SSP2-4.5 increases by 30.9%compared to historical levels during 1951-2000,while under SSP5-8.5 it increases by 58.2%.Further analysis suggests that ENSO influences mid-and low-latitude carbon flux variability primarily through *** occurrence may potentially be attributed to the increased responsiveness of gross primary productivity towards regional temperature fluctuations,combined with the intensified influence of ENSO on land surface temperatures.

关键词： Carbon variability ENSO modulation CMIP6 models

High-temperature-tolerant flexible supercapacitors: Gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 426-457页

作者： Chong Peng Xinyi Huang Mingwei Zhao Shuling Liao Quanhong yang Nianjun yang Siyu Yu School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Southwest University Nanoyang Group Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon and Electrochemical Energy Storage School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Department of Chemistry & IMO-IMOMEC Hasselt University

The development of flexible supercapacitors(FSCs) capable of operating at high temperatures is crucial for expanding the application areas and operating conditions of supercapacitors. Gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials stand as two key components that significantly impact the efficacy of hightemperature-tolerant FSCs(HT-FSCs). They should not only exhibit high electrochemical performance and excellent flexibility, but also withstand intense thermal stress. Considerable efforts have been devoted to enhancing their thermal stability while maintaining high electrochemical and mechanical performance. In this review, the fundamentals of HT-FSCs are outlined. A comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art progress and achievements in HT-FSCs, with a focus on thermally stable gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials is provided. Finally, challenges and future perspectives regarding HT-FSCs are discussed, alongside strategies for elevating operational temperatures and *** review offers both theoretical foundations and practical guidelines for designing and manufacturing HT-FSCs, further promoting their widespread adoption across diverse fields.

关键词： Flexible supercapacitors High-temperature tolerance Gel polymer electrolytes Electrode materials

Application of FLUKA and OpenMC in coupled physics calculation of target and subcritical reactor for ADS

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2019年第1期30卷 113-120页

作者： ze-Long Zhao yong-Wei yang Shuang Hong Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Science and Technology Hefei

The study of accelerator-driven subcritical reactor systems(ADSs) has been an important research topic in the field of nuclear energy for years. The main code applied in ADS research is MCNPX, which was developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory. We studied the application of the open-source Monte Carlo codes FLUKA and OpenMC to a coupled ADS calculation. The FLUKA code was used to simulate the reaction of highenergy protons with the nucleus of the target material in the ADS, which produces spallation neutrons. Information on the spallation neutrons, such as their energy, position,direction, and weight, can be recorded by a user-defined routine called FLUSCW provided by FLUKA. Then, the information was stored in an external neutron source file in HDF5 format by using a conversion code, as required by the OpenMC calculation. Finally, the fixed-source calculation function of OpenMC was applied to simulate the transport of spallation neutrons and obtain the distribution of the neutron flux in the core region. In the coupled calculation, the high-energy cross-section library JENDL4.0/HE in ACE format produced by NJOY2016 was applied in the OpenMC transport simulation. The OECD–ADS benchmark problem was calculated, and the results were compared with those obtained using MCNPX. It was found that the flux calculations performed by FLUKA–OpenMC and MCNPX were in agreement, so the coupling calculation method for ADS is reasonable and feasible.

关键词： Accelerator-driven subcritical system MCNPX FLUKA OpenMC JENDL4.0/HE N JOY2016

Laser direct writing of flexible multifunctional airflow sensors on the Kevlar fabric

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 443-454页

作者： Wei Wang Zi-Qing Chen yong-Qi Li Yu-Long Wang Mei-Chen Liu Yun-Bo Ruan yang Zhang Shu-Juan Liu Qiang Zhao College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Zhe Jiang Topsun Logistic Control CO. LTD.Yuhuan 317600China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina and School of Health Preservation and RehabilitationNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China

The growing interest in flexible devices has emerged as a global trend due to their advantages in flexibility,lightweight structure,and wearability,addressing the limitations of traditional *** wearable airflow sensors have been previously reported,the development of flexible fabric-based airflow sensors capable of functioning in environments with open flames—critical for fire rescue operations—has yet to be explored,largely due to the poor fire resistance of conventional *** this work,we first present a flexible,wearable,and multifunctional airflow sensor with excellent fire-resistant properties,fabricated through a simple direct laser writing *** sensor maintains airflow detection capabilities even in the presence of open ***,the fabrication of fabric-based sensors involves complex procedures such as carbon materials doping or vapor-phase deposition,leading to lengthy preparation cycles and high ***,fabric-based devices are inherently prone to *** address these challenges,we introduce twice-vertical laser-induced graphene(TVLIG)as a sensitive and reliable component for fire-resistant airflow *** resulting TVLIG/Kevlar fabric can be integrated into various garments,particularly protective suits,to form sensitive and fire-resistant airflow sensors capable of detecting airflow velocity and direction in both two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)spaces during fire ***,the TVLIG patterns can be expanded to multifunctional platforms,such as glucose detection for injured individuals,offering further applications in rescue *** functional expansion reduces the burden on rescue personnel and streamlines device *** its outstanding sensing capabilities,fire resistance,and expandability,the developed flexible airflow sensor shows great potential for various real-world rescue scenarios,promising advancements in wearable sensing technology for rescue enginee

关键词： flexible airflow sensor direct laser writing twice-vertical laser-induced graphene fire accident rescue Kevlar fabric

Recent Advances in Fibrous Materials for Hydroelectricity Generation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 109-133页

作者： Can Ge Duo Xu Xiao Feng Xing yang Zheheng Song Yuhang Song Jingyu Chen Yingcun Liu Chong Gao yong Du Zhe Sun Weilin Xu Jian Fang College of Textile and Clothing Engineering Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200People’s Republic of China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Materials Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK College of Textile Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology100 Haiquan RoadShanghai 201418People’s Republic of China

Depleting fossil energy sources and conventional polluting power generation pose a threat to sustainable *** generation from ubiquitous and spontaneous phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water has been considered a promising strategy for mitigating the energy *** materials with unique flexibility,processability,multifunctionality,and practicability have been widely applied for fibrous materials-based hydroelectricity generation(FHG).In this review,the power generation mechanisms,design principles,and electricity enhancement factors of FHG are first ***,the fabrication strategies and characteristics of varied constructions including 1D fiber,1D yarn,2D fabric,2D membrane,3D fibrous framework,and 3D fibrous gel are ***,the advanced functions of FHG during water harvesting,proton dissociation,ion separation,and charge accumulation processes are analyzed in ***,the potential applications including power supply,energy storage,electrical sensor,and information expression are also ***,some existing challenges are considered and prospects for future development are sincerely proposed.

关键词： Hydroelectricity Fibrous material Streaming potential Ion diffusion