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Effects of cinnamon on perineal pain and healing of episiotomy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第4期12卷 359-366页

作者： Azam Mohammadi Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi Mojgan Mirghafourvand Yousef Javadzadeh zahra fardiazar Fatemeh Effati-Daryani Students Research Committee Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Iranian Center for Evidence Based Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Midwifery Department Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Women Reproductive Health Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

BACKGROUND： Analgesic and wound-healing effects of cinnamon, a widely used spice, have been shown in laboratory rats. However, we found no human studies in this area. OBJECTIVE： The aim of this study was to assess the effect of cinnamon on perineal pain and healing of episiotomy incision. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS： In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 144 postpartum women were allocated into two groups, using stratified block randomization, 1 h after completion of episiotomy repair. They received cinnamon or placebo ointment, 2 mL every 12 h for 10 d. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Perineal pain and wound healing were assessed using visual analogue scale （0-10）and Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, Approximation scale （0-15）, respectively. General linear model was used to compare the groups on the outcomes adjusted for baseline values and stratified factors. RESULTS： Follow-up rate was 100% up to the 8 h time point in both groups, and 86% （62 of 72） in the cinnamon group and 85% （61 of 72） in the placebo group at day 10-11 after delivery. Pain score in the cinnamon group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group at （4±1） h （adjusted difference： -0.6, 95% confidence interval： -1.0 to -0.2） and （8＋1） h （-0.9, -1.4 to -0.3） after intervention, and on the 10-11th day after delivery （-1.4, -2.0 to -0.7）. Also the cinnamon group showed significantly more improvement than the control group in healing score at （8±1） h （-0.2, -0.4 to -0.04） and the 10-11th day after delivery （-1.6, -2.0 to -1.1）. CONCLUSION： Cinnamon can be used for reducing perineal pain and improving healing of episiotomy incision.

关键词： Cinnamomum zeylanicum episiotomy postpartum period pain wound healing randomized controlled trial

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Comparison the effect of ephedrine and phenylephrine in treatment of hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012年第3期2卷 192-196页

作者： Atashkhoyi Simin fardiazar zahra Hatami Marandi Pouya Torab Reza AnesthesiologyAnesthesiology Alzahra Hospital Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran Obstetrics & Gynecology Alzahra Hospital Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Alzahra Hospital Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran

Background and Objective: The effectiveness of ephedrine and/or phenylephrine, in treatment of hypotension secondary to spinal anesthesia for cesarean section and their effects on fetal/neonatal outcome were studied. Methods and Materials: Sixty healthy parturients were randomly assigned to two groups;group E (n = 33) received boluses 5 mg/ml increments ephedrine and group P (n = 27) received a boluses of phnylephrine 100 μg/ml increments for treatment of hypotension after spinal block during cesarean section. Changes in maternal blood pressure and heart rate, and incidence of nausea-vomiting, neonatal Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes of delivery, and umbilical arterial blood gas values were recorded. Results: There were no differences in treatment of hypotension following sympathectomy after spinal block with two drugs. Neonatal outcome was similar in two groups. There were not significant differences in umbilical arterial values in two groups. Conclusion: Ephedrine and phenylephrine are both effective vasopressores for treatment of hypotension associated to spinal block during cesarean section without adverse effects on infants/neonates.

关键词： Cesarean Section Spinal Anesthesia Hypotension Ephedrine Phenylephrine Fetal/Neonatal Outcome

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