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Structural basis for polyuridine tract recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15

Protein & Cell 2024年第7期15卷 547-552页

作者： Fumiaki Ito Hanjing Yang z.hong z.ou Xiaojiang S.Chen Molecular and Computational Biology Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095United States California NanoSystems Institute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095United States Genetic Molecular and Cellular Biology ProgramKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Center of Excellence in NanoBiophysics University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States

Dear Editor,Coronaviruses have evolved a wide array of tactics to evade host antiviral *** host cells detect invading foreign nucleic acids including viral genome and viral replication intermediates,they activate interferon(IFN)signaling via cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors(Kang et al.,2002;Kato et al.,2006).Remarkable stealth activities exhibited by coronaviruses are facilitated by a series of non-structural proteins(Nsps),such as Nsp15(Deng and Baker,2018;Deng et al.,2019;Hackbart et al.,2020),which is a uridine-specific endoribonuclease that mediates evasion of host detection of viral double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)(Bhardwaj et al.,2004;Deng et al.,2017;Frazier et al.,2021;Ivanov et al.,2004).Nsp15 targets a polyuridine[poly(U)]tract on the coronavirus negative strand RNA(Hackbart et al.,2020).Nsp15 limits the abundance and length of poly(U)within the negative strand RNA 5ʹ-extension by trimming down the initially synthesized poly(U)lead sequence to the optimal length that can suppress dsRNA formation but still serves as a template for poly(A)tail of the positive strand genome of the coronaviruses(Hofmann and Brian,1991).

关键词： p15 interferon template

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DeepSecE:A Deep-Learning-Based Framework for Multiclass Prediction of Secreted Proteins in Gram-Negative Bacteria

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 243-257页

作者： Yumeng zhang Jiahao Guan Chen Li zhikang Wang zixin Deng Robin BGasser Jiangning Song hong-Yu ou state Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic&Developmental SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash UniversityMelbourneViC 3800Australia Monash Data Futures Institute Monash UniversityMelbourneViC 3800Australia Melbourne Veterinary School Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia.

Proteins secreted by Gram-negative bacteria are tightly linked to the virulence and adaptability of these microbes to environmental *** identification of such secreted proteins can facilitate the investigations of infections and diseases caused by these bacterial ***,current bioinformatic methods for predicting bacterial secreted substrate proteins have limited computational efficiency and application scope on a genome-wide ***,we propose a novel deep-learning-based framework—DeepSecE—for the simultaneous inference of multiple distinct groups of secreted proteins produced by Gram-negative *** remarkably improves their classification from nonsecreted proteins using a pretrained protein language model and transformer,achieving a macro-average accuracy of 0.883 on 5-fold *** benchmarking suggests that DeepSecE achieves competitive performance with the state-of-the-art binary predictors specialized for individual types of secreted *** attention mechanism corroborates salient patterns and motifs at the N or C termini of the protein *** this pipeline,we further investigate the genome-wide prediction of novel secreted proteins and their taxonomic distribution across~1,000 Gram-negative bacterial *** present analysis demonstrates that DeepSecE has major potential for the discovery of disease-associated secreted proteins in a diverse range of Gram-negative *** online web server of DeepSecE is also publicly available to predict and explore various secreted substrate proteins via the input of bacterial genome sequences.

关键词： Deep server competitive

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In situ digital testing method for quality assessment of soft soil improvement with polyurethane

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1732-1748页

作者： X.F.Wang C.J.Wang W.V.Yue z.J.zhang z.Q.Yue Department of Civil Engineering China University of Geosciences (Beijing)BeijingChina Department of Water Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong KongChina

This study purposes an in situ testing method on quality assessment of soil *** drilling data includes the spatial distribution and in situ strength of untreated and treated soil along three different drillholes measured by on-site drilling monitoring *** factual drilling data can characterize the degree of soil improvement by penetration injection with permeable *** from on-site drilling monitoring shows that the linear zones represent constant drilling speeds shown in the plot of drill bit advancement *** drilling time,which indicates the spatial distributions of soil *** soil profile at the study site is composed of four layers,which includes fill,untreated silty clay,treated silty clay,and mucky *** results of soil profile are verified by the parallel site *** constant drilling speeds profile the coring-resistant strength of drilled *** comparing with the untreated silty clay,the constant drilling speeds of the treated silty clay have been decreased by 13.0-62.8%.Two drilling-speed-based indices of 61.2%and 65.6%are proposed to assess the decreased average drilling speed and the increased in situ strength of treated silty *** tests,*** compressive strength(UCS)test,have been performed with core sample to investigate and characterize in situ strength by comparing that with drilling *** show that the average predicted strengths of treated silty clay are 2.4-6.9 times higher than the average measured strength of untreated silty *** UCS-based indices of 374.5%and 344.2%verified the quality assessment(QA)results by this new in situ *** method provides a cost-effective tool for quality assessment of soil improvement by utilizing the digital drilling data.

关键词： Drilling process monitoring system Hydraulic rotary drilling process Constant drilling speed Soil improvement Quality assessment

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Genetically modified pigs with CD163 point mutation are resistant to HP-PRRSV infection

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zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 833-844页

作者： Ying Liu Lin Yang hong-Yong Xiang Ming Niu Jia-Cheng Deng Xue-Yuan Li Wen-Jie Hao hong-Sheng ou-Yang Tong-Yu Liu Xiao-Chun Tang Da-Xin Pang hong-Ming Yuan State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe zoonotic Infectious Diseases Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation CenterCollege of Animal SciencesJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130062China Chifeng Best Genetics Technology Co. Ltd.ChifengNei Mongol 024000China Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd.Chongqing 400015China

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)is a globally prevalent contagious disease caused by the positive-strand RNA PRRS virus(PRRSV),resulting in substantial economic losses in the swine *** the CD163 SRCR5 domain,either through deletion or substitution,can eff1ectively confer resistance to PRRSV infection in ***,large fragment modifications in pigs inevitably raise concerns about potential adverse effects on growth *** the impact of genetic modifications on normal physiological functions is a promising direction for developing PRRSV-resistant *** the current study,we identified a specific functional amino acid in CD163 that influences PRRSV *** infection experiments conducted on Marc145 and PK-15CD163 cells illustrated that the mE535G or corresponding pE529G mutations markedly inhibited highly pathogenic PRRSV(HP-PRRSV)proliferation by preventing viral binding and ***,individual viral challenge tests revealed that pigs with the E529G mutation had viral loads two orders of magnitude lower than wild-type(WT)pigs,confirming effective resistance to *** of the physiological indicators and scavenger function of CD163 verified no significant differences between the WT and E529G *** findings suggest that E529G pigs can be used for breeding PRRSV-resistant pigs,providing novel insights into controlling future PRRSV outbreaks.

关键词： PRRSV CD163 Point mutation E529G Pigs

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Entangled photons enabled ultrafast stimulated Raman spectroscopy for molecular dynamics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1615-1622页

作者： Jiahao Joel Fan zhe-Yu ou zhedong zhang Department of Physics City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina City University of hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina

Quantum entanglement has emerged as a great resource for studying the interactions between molecules and *** propose a new scheme of stimulated Raman scattering with entangled photons.A quantum ultrafast Raman spectroscopy is developed for condensed-phase molecules,to monitor the exciton populations and *** results are obtained,showing an entanglement-enabled time-frequency scale not attainable by classical *** Raman signal presents an unprecedented selectivity of molecular correlation functions,as a result of the hong-ou-Mandel *** work suggests a new paradigm of using an unconventional interferometer as part of spectroscopy,with the potential to unveil advanced information about complex materials.

关键词： materials spectroscopy selectivity

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Sono-photocatalytic amination of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with aliphatic amines

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 269-272页

作者： Wen-Tao ouyang Jun Jiang Yan-Fang Jiang Ting Li Yuan-Yuan Liu hong-Tao Ji Li-Juan ou Wei-Min He School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Institute of TechnologyHengyang 421002China National Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Processing and Utilization of Forest Biomass Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

The first example of sono-photocatalytic bond formation was *** both visible light and ultrasound wave as the energy,various 3-aminoquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones were efficiently obtained with good functional group tolerance in the absence of any additive or external *** with the conventional photocatalysis,sono-photocatalysis not only dramatically improved the reaction rates and yields,but also reduced energy consumption.

关键词： Sono-photocatalysis External photocatalyst-free Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones Amination Aliphatic amines

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Heat dissipation of carbon shell in zrC-SiC/TaC coating to improve protective ability against ultrahigh temperature ablation

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第7期13卷 1080-1091页

作者： Yuyu zhang Xuemeng zhang hongkang ou Bozhe Wang Jia Sun Qiangang Fu Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Fiber Reinforced Light-Weight CompositesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China System Design Institute of Hubei Aerospace Technology Academy Wuhan 430040China

To efficiently decrease ablation heat accumulation and improve the ability of zrC-SiC/TaC coatings to protect carbon/carbon(C/C)composites,a thermally conductive nanonetwork with a ceramic@carbon core-shell structure was designed and ***-derived SiC/TaC with a graphene carbon shell was synthesized and introduced into a zrC coating by supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying(SAPS).Graphene shell paths increased the heat transfer capability by lowering the surface temperature to approximately 200℃during oxyacetylene *** heat dissipation of the graphene shell in the zrC-SiC/TaC@C coating reduced the volatilization of low-melting-point phases and delayed the sintering of zrO_(2) ***,the graphene shell in zrC-SiC/TaC@C coating decreased the mass and linear ablation rates by 91.4%and 93.7%compared to zrC-SiC/TaC coating,*** work provided a constructive idea for improving the ablation resistance of the coatings by incorporating carbon nanomaterials as a function of heat dissipation.

关键词： carbon/carbon(C/C)composites carbon nanomaterials core-shell structure polymer-derived ceramic(PDC) ablation resistance

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Lithium-Ion Charged Polymer Channels Flattening Lithium Metal Anode

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 379-393页

作者： Haofan Duan Yu You Gang Wang Xiangze ou Jin Wen Qiao Huang Pengbo Lyu Yaru Liang Qingyu Li Jianyu Huang Yun‑Xiao Wang Hua‑Kun Liu Shi Xue Dou Wei‑hong Lai Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Thin Film Materials and Devices School of Material Sciences and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105People’s Republic of China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical ScienceGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004People’s Republic of China Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative MaterialsUniversity of WollongongInnovation CampusSquires WayNorth WollongongNSW 2500Australia Institute of Energy Materials Science University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093People’s Republic of China

The concentration difference in the near-surface region of lithium metal is the main cause of lithium dendrite *** this issue will be key to achieving high-performance lithium metal batteries(LMBs).Herein,we construct a lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3))-implanted electroactiveβphase polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene(PVDF-HFP)crystalline polymorph layer(PHL).The electronegatively charged polymer chains attain lithium ions on the surface to form lithium-ion charged *** channels act as reservoirs to sustainably release Li ions to recompense the ionic flux of electrolytes,decreasing the growth of lithium *** stretched molecular channels can also accelerate the transport of Li *** combined effects enable a high Coulombic efficiency of 97.0%for 250 cycles in lithium(Li)||copper(Cu)cell and a stable symmetric plating/stripping behavior over 2000 h at 3 mA cm^(-2)with ultrahigh Li utilization of 50%.Furthermore,the full cell coupled with PHL-Cu@Li anode and Li Fe PO_(4) cathode exhibits long-term cycle stability with high-capacity retention of 95.9%after 900 ***,the full cell paired with LiNi_(0.87)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.03)O_(2)maintains a discharge capacity of 170.0 mAh g^(-1)with a capacity retention of 84.3%after 100 cycles even under harsh condition of ultralow N/P ratio of *** facile strategy will widen the potential application of LiNO_(3)in ester-based electrolyte for practical high-voltage LMBs.

关键词： Polymer ionic channel Li metal batteries Artificial protective layer Uniform Li deposition Electrochemical performances

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Single-structure 3-axis Lorentz force magnetometer based on an AlN-on-Si MEMS resonator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 75-86页

作者： Cheng Tu Xu-heng ou-Yang Ying-jie Wu Xiao-sheng zhang School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

This work presents a single-structure 3-axis Lorentz force magnetometer(LFM)based on an AlN-on-Si MEMS *** operation of the proposed LFM relies on the flexible manipulation of applied excitation currents in different directions and frequencies,enabling the effective actuation of two mechanical vibration modes in a single device for magnetic field measurements in three ***,the excited out-of-plane drum-like mode at 277 kHz is used for measuring the x-and y-axis magnetic fields,while the in-plane square-extensional mode at 5.4 MHz is used for measuring the z-axis magnetic *** different configurations of applied excitation currents ensure good crossinterference immunity among the three *** to conventional capacitive LFMs,the proposed piezoelectric LFM utilizes strong electromechanical coupling from the AlN layer,which allows it to operate at ambient pressure with a high *** understand and analyze the measured results,a novel equivalent circuit model for the proposed LFM is also reported in this work,which serves to separate the effect of Lorentz force from the unwanted capacitive *** demonstrated 3-axis LFM exhibits measured magnetic responsivities of 1.74 ppm/mT,1.83 ppm/mT and 6.75 ppm/mT in the x-,y-and z-axes,respectively,which are comparable to their capacitive counterparts.

关键词： resonator Lorentz structure

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Strategies for flame-retardant polymer electrolytes for safe lithiumbased batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8754-8771页

作者： Xiao Ma Yang Lu Yu ou Shuaishuai Yan Wenhui Hou Pan z.ou Kai Liu Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The advancement of lithium-based batteries has spurred anticipation for enhanced energy density,extended cycle life and reduced capacity ***,these benefits are accompanied by potential risks,such as thermal runaway and explosions due to higher energy ***,liquid organic electrolytes are the predominant choice for lithium batteries,despite their limitations in terms of mechanical strength and vulnerability to *** development of polymer electrolytes,with their high Young’s modulus and enhanced safety features,offers a potential solution to the drawbacks of traditional liquid *** these advantages,polymer electrolytes are still susceptible to burning and *** address this issue,researchers have conducted extensive studies to improve their flame-retardant properties from various *** review provides a concise overview of the thermal runaway mechanisms,flame-retardant mechanisms and electrochemical performance of polymer *** also outlines the advancements in flame-retardant polymer electrolytes through the incorporation of various additives and the selection of inherently flame-retardant *** review aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of flame-retardant polymer electrolytes and serve as a guide for future research in this field.

关键词： lithium batteries polymer electrolyte thermal runaway flame-retardant additives energy storage materials

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