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Generation of polarized electron beams through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasma

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.Yin X.F.Li Y.J.Gu N.Cao Q.Kong M.büscher S.M.Weng M.Chen z.M.Sheng Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SANKEN(Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina Peter Grünberg Institut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(MoE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron beam production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particlein-cell *** evolution of the electron beam polarization is studied based on the Thomas±bargmann±Michel±Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection,and the depolarization process is found to be influenced by the injection *** the case of transverse self-injection,as found typically in the bubble regime,the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is mainly influenced by the ***,in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regime(for example,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons move around the laser axis,the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contribution of the wakefield can be ***,an ultra-short electron beam with polarization of 99%can be obtained using longitudinal self-injection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration longitudinal self-injection particle-in-cell simulation polarized electron beam

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Simultaneous improving luminescence intensity and stability of CsPbbr_(3):SCN−@Eu/zr-Uio-66-NH_(2) with tunable emissions from blue to green and applications in indoor photovoltaics

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6879-6887页

作者： Minze Li Yao sun Honglai Lu Peifen zhu Ruihong Wang Guofeng Wang Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

The construction of stable and efficient materials that emit blue and green light remains a *** the blue light materials reported,metal-organic framework(MOF)materials are rarely reported as blue phosphors due to their weak luminescence *** on the construction of CsPbbr_(3)@MOF(CPb@MOF),an innovative idea was proposed to simultaneously enhance the green luminescence of CPb and the blue luminescence of MOF through the interaction between CPb and MOF for the first *** expected,the blue luminescence from CPb:7%SCN−@0.5%MOF:Eu as well as the green luminescence from 5%CPb:7%SCN−@MOF:Eu was sufficient to construct high-performance light-emitting diode(LED)devices and further excite solar cells to generate stable photoelectric *** white LED(WLED)device with excellent color quality(color rendering index(CRI)=96.2)and correlated color temperature(CCT=9688 K)can be constructed by using the obtained blue-emitting CPb:7%SCN-@0.5%MOF:Eu,green-emitting 5%CPb:7%SCN−@MOF:Eu,and red-emitting PPb:30%Mn^(2+).The density functional theory(DFT)theoretical calculation results indicate that the p orbital of Pb plays the major role in the conduction band,and the p orbital of br plays the major role in the valance band of CPb and CPb:SCN−.While the p orbital of O plays the major role in both the conduction band and valance band of *** heat capacity of CPb and CPb:SCN−separately reaches the Dulong–Petit limit at 200 and 400 K,indicating that the thermal stability of CsPbbr_(3)increases after SCN−doping.

关键词： CsPbbr_(3):SCN−@Uio-66-NH_(2) composites luminescence stability white light-emitting diodes(WLEDs) indoor photovoltaics density functional theory(DFT)calculation

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Heat dissipation of carbon shell in zrC-SiC/TaC coating to improve protective ability against ultrahigh temperature ablation

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第7期13卷 1080-1091页

作者： Yuyu zhang Xuemeng zhang Hongkang Ou bozhe Wang Jia sun Qiangang Fu Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Fiber Reinforced Light-Weight CompositesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China System Design Institute of Hubei Aerospace Technology Academy Wuhan 430040China

To efficiently decrease ablation heat accumulation and improve the ability of zrC-SiC/TaC coatings to protect carbon/carbon(C/C)composites,a thermally conductive nanonetwork with a ceramic@carbon core-shell structure was designed and ***-derived SiC/TaC with a graphene carbon shell was synthesized and introduced into a zrC coating by supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying(SAPS).Graphene shell paths increased the heat transfer capability by lowering the surface temperature to approximately 200℃during oxyacetylene *** heat dissipation of the graphene shell in the zrC-SiC/TaC@C coating reduced the volatilization of low-melting-point phases and delayed the sintering of zrO_(2) ***,the graphene shell in zrC-SiC/TaC@C coating decreased the mass and linear ablation rates by 91.4%and 93.7%compared to zrC-SiC/TaC coating,*** work provided a constructive idea for improving the ablation resistance of the coatings by incorporating carbon nanomaterials as a function of heat dissipation.

关键词： carbon/carbon(C/C)composites carbon nanomaterials core-shell structure polymer-derived ceramic(PDC) ablation resistance

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Transformer-based Cloud Detection Method for High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 661-678页

作者： Haotang Tan Song sun Tian Cheng Xiyuan Shu Key Laboratory of GIS Application Research School of Geography and TourismChongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China College of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China Department of Military Installations Army Logistics AcademyChongqing401331China

Cloud detection from satellite and drone imagery is crucial for applications such as weather forecasting and *** the limitations of conventional convolutional neural networks,we propose an innovative transformer-based *** method leverages transformers,which are adept at processing data sequences,to enhance cloud detection ***,we introduce a Cyclic Refinement Architecture that improves the resolution and quality of feature extraction,thereby aiding in the retention of critical details often lost during cloud *** extensive experimental validation shows that our approach significantly outperforms established models,excelling in high-resolution feature extraction and precise cloud *** integrating Positional Visual Transformers(PVT)with this architecture,our method advances high-resolution feature delineation and segmentation ***,our research offers a novel perspective for surmounting traditional challenges in cloud detection and contributes to the advancement of precise and dependable image analysis across various domains.

关键词： Cloud transformer image segmentation remotely sensed imagery pyramid vision transformer

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New insights into protein–polysaccharide complex coacervation:Dynamics,molecular parameters,and applications

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 148-166页

作者： Jiabao zheng Paul Van der Meeren Weizheng sun School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Department of Green Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health(111 Center) GuangzhouChina

For more than a decade,the discovery of liquid–liquid phase separation within living organisms has prompted colloid scientists to understand the connection between coacervate functionality,phase behavior,and dynamics at a multidisciplinary *** the protein–polysaccharide was the first system in which the coacervation phenomenon was discovered and is widely used in food systems,the phase state and relaxation dynamics of protein–polysaccharide complex coacervates(PPCC)have rarely been discussed ***,this review aims to unravel the relationship between PPCC dynamics,thermodynamics,molecular architecture,applications,and phase states in past *** ahead,solving the way molecular architecture spreads to macro-functionality,that is,establishing the relationship between molecular architecture–dynamics–application,will catalyze novel advancements in PPCC research within the field of foods and biomaterials.

关键词： dynamics encapsulation liquid coacervate protein-polysaccharide complex coacervation solid precipitate

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Synthetic auxotrophs accelerate cell factory development through growth-coupled models

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 73-87页

作者： Liangpo Li Linwei Yu Xinxiao sun Qipeng Yuan Xiaolin Shen Jia Wang State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

The engineering of microbial cell factories for the production of high-value chemicals from renewable resources presents several challenges,including the optimization of key enzymes,pathway fluxes and metabolic *** these challenges involves the development of synthetic auxotrophs,a strategy that links cell growth with enzyme properties or biosynthetic *** linkage allows for the improvement of enzyme properties by in vivo directed enzyme evolution,the enhancement of metabolic pathway fluxes under growth pressure,and remodeling of metabolic networks through directed strain *** advantage of employing synthetic auxotrophs lies in the power of growth-coupled selection,which is not only high-throughput but also labor-saving,greatly simplifying the development of both strains and *** auxotrophs play a pivotal role in advancing microbial cell factories,offering benefits from enzyme optimization to the manipulation of metabolic networks within single ***,this strategy extends to coculture systems,enabling collaboration within microbial *** review highlights the recently developed applications of synthetic auxotrophs as microbial cell factories,and discusses future perspectives,aiming to provide a practical guide for growth-coupled models to produce value-added chemicals as part of a sustainable biorefinery.

关键词： synthetic auxotrophs growth-coupled directed enzyme evolution pathway flux directed strain evolution coculture

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In vivofluorescenceflow cytometry reveals that the nanoparticle tumor vaccine OVA@HA-PEI effectively clears circulating tumor cells

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第6期17卷 107-123页

作者： Wei Jin Yuting Fu Sisi Ge Han sun Kai Pang Xunbin Wei The Department of biomedical Engineering Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine Peking University Beijing 100191P.R.China Institute of Medical Technology Peking University Health Science Center beijing 100191 P.R.China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/beijing) Peking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142P.R.China School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering beijing Information Science&Technology University beijing 100192 P.R.China

Tumor vaccine therapy offers significant advantages over conventional treatments,including reduced toxic side ***,it currently functions primarily as an adjuvant treatment modality in clinical oncology due to limitations in tumor antigen selection and delivery *** vaccines often fail to elicit a su±ciently robust immune response against progressive tumors,thereby limiting their clinical e±*** this study,we developed a nanoparticle-based tumor vaccine,OVA@HA-PEI,utilizing ovalbumin(OVA)as the presenting antigen and hyaluronic acid(HA)and polyethyleneimine(PEI)as adjuvants and *** formulation significantly enhanced the proliferation of immune cells and cytokines,such as CD3,CD8,interferon-,and tumor necrosis factor-,in vivo,effectively activating an immune response against b16–F10 *** vivofluorescenceflow cytometry(IVFC)has already become an effective method for monitoring circulating tumor cells(CTCs)due to its direct,noninvasive,and long-term detection *** study utilized a laboratory-constructed IVFC system to monitor the immune processes induced by the OVA@HA-PEI tumor vaccine and an anti-programmed death-1(PD-1)*** results demonstrated that the combined treatment of OVA@HA-PEI and anti-PD-1 antibody significantly improved the survival time of mice compared to anti-PD-1 antibody treatment ***,this combination therapy substantially reduced the number of CTCs in vivo,increased the clearance rate of CTCs by the immune system,and slowed tumor *** greatly enhance the clinical application prospects of IVFC and tumor vaccines.

关键词： Tumor vaccines circulating tumor cells in vivofluorescenceflow cytometry.

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Non-bonding modulations between single atomic cerium and monodispersed selenium sites towards efficient oxygen reduction

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4753-4763页

作者： Leilei Yin Shuai zhang Mingzi sun Siyuan Wang bolong Huang Yaping Du Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional MaterialsHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsSmart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Department of Applied biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Research Centre for Carbon-Strategic Catalysis The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloon 999077Hong KongChina

Currently,dual atomic catalysts(DACs)with neighboring active sites for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)still meet lots of challenges in the synthesis,especially the construction of atomic pairs of elements from different blocks of the periodic ***,a“rare earth(Ce)-metalloid(Se)”non-bonding heteronuclear diatomic electrocatalyst has been constructed for ORR by rational coordination and carbon support defect ***,the optimized Ce-Se diatomic catalysts(Ce-Se DAs/NC)displayed a half-wave potential of 0.886 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)and excellent stability,which surpass those of separate Ce or Se single atoms and most single/dual atomic catalysts ever *** addition,a primary zinc-air battery constructed using Ce-Se DAs/NC delivers a higher peak power density(209.2 mW·cm^(−2))and specific capacity(786.4 mAh·gzn^(−1))than state-of-the-art noble metal catalysts Pt/*** calculations reveal that the Ce-Se DAs/NC has improved the electroactivity of the Ce-N_(4)region due to the electron transfer towards the nearby Se specific activity(SA)***,the more electron-rich Se sites promote the adsorptions of key intermediates,which results in the optimal performances of ORR on Ce-Se DAs/*** work provides new perspectives on electronic structure modulations via non-bonded long-range coordination micro-environment engineering in DACs for efficient electrocatalysis.

关键词： catalyst rare earth oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) metalloid non-bonding modulation

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A Li_(3)P nanoparticle dispersion strengthened ultrathin Li metal electrode for high energy density rechargeable batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4031-4038页

作者： Lin Fu Xiancheng Wang bao zhang zihe Chen Yuanjian Li Yongming sun Provincial Guizhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical and Clean Energy Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for Science Technology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138634Singapore

Achievement of lithium(Li)metal anode with thin thickness(e.g.,≤30µm)is highly desirable for rechargeable high energy density ***,the fabrication and application of such thin Li metal foil electrode remain challenging due to the poor mechanical processibility and inferior electrochemical performance of metallic ***,mechanico-chemical synthesis of robust ultrathin Li/Li_(3)P(LLP)composite foils(~15µm)is demonstrated by employing repeated mechanical rolling/stacking operations using red P and metallic Li as raw *** in-situ formed Li+-conductive Li_(3)P nanoparticles in metallic Li matrix and their tight bonding strengthen the mechanical durability and enable the successful fabrication of free-standing ultrathin Li metal composite ***,it also reduces the electrochemical Li nucleation barrier and homogenizes Li plating/stripping *** matching to high-voltage LiCoO_(2),the full cell with a low negative/positive(N/P)capacity ratio of~1.5 offers a high energy density of~522 W·h·kg^(-1) at 0.5 C based on the mass of cathode and *** into account its facile manufacturing,potentially low cost,and good electrochemical performance,we believe that such an ultrathin composite Li metal foil design with nanoparticle-dispersion-strengthened mechanism may boost the development of high energy density Li metal batteries.

关键词： lithium metal anode high energy density battery mechanico-chemical synthesis ultrathin Li/Li_(3)P composite foil low negative/positive capacity ratio

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Effect of annealing temperature on magnetic properties of a sintered Nd-Fe-b magnet after grain boundary diffusion with Dy_(70)Cu_(30) alloy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 116-120,I0004页

作者： Ruipeng Qian Yuxuan Ma Fugang Chen Hui sun Yong zhao Yunlong Chen School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212003China School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212003China

Grain boundary diffusion process(GbDP)has been developed as an effective approach to increase the coercivity of sintered Nd-Fe-b magnets by regulating the compositions and phase distributions near grain *** work aims to explore how to select the optimum annealing temperature after *** this work GbDP was performed on a sintered Nd-Fe-b magnet using Dy_(70)Cu_(30) *** GbDP the low eutectic temperature of the grain boundary phases decreases from the initial 492 to 451℃.The magnetic property dependent on different annealing temperatures near the low eutectic temperature was *** magnetic properties,especially the squareness factor of demagnetization curve show a strong dependence on the annealing *** GbDP the optimal magnetic properties can be obtained after annealing just above the low eutectic temperature of the grain boundary *** mechanism is discussed based on the microstructure analysis.

关键词： Nd-Fe-b magnet Grain boundary diffusion Annealing Dy_(70)Cu_(30)alloy Rare earths

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