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Demographic Processes Linked to Genetic Diversity and Positive Selection across a Species’ Range

Plant Communications 2020年第6期1卷 72-84页

作者： yvonne willi Marco Fracassetti Olivier Bachmann Josh Van Buskirk Department of Environmental Sciences University of BaselSch€onbeinstrasse 6CH-4056 BaselSwitzerland Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Z€urichCH-8057 Z€urichSwitzerland Department of Ecology Environment and Plant SciencesScience for Life LaboratoryStockholm UniversitySE-10691 StockholmSweden

Demography determines the strength of genetic drift,which generally reduces genetic variation and the efficacy of ***,we disentangled the importance of demographic processes at a local scale(census size and mating system)and at a species-range scale(old split between population clusters,recolonization after the last glaciation cycle,and admixture)in determining within-population genomic diversity and genomic signatures of positive *** were based on re-sequence data from 52 populations of North American Arabidopsis lyrata collected across its entire *** mating system and range dynamics since the last glaciation cycle explained around 60%of the variation in genomic diversity among populations and 52%of the variation in the signature of positive *** was lowest in selfing compared with outcrossing populations and in areas further away from glacial *** parallel,reduced positive selectionwas found in selfing populations and in populations with a longer route of postglacial range *** signature of positive selection was also reduced in populations without *** conclude that recent range expansion can have a profound influence on diversity in coding and non-coding DNA,similar in magnitude to the shift toward *** limits may in fact be caused by reduced effective population size and compromised positive selection in recently colonized parts of the range.

关键词： admixture-dependent selection directional selection genetic drift range expansion selfing small population size

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Targeting stroma and tumor,silencing galectin 1 treats orthotopic mouse hepatocellular carcinoma

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 292-303页

作者： Tahereh Setayesh Ying Hu Farzam Vaziri Xin Chen Jinping Lai Dongguang Wei Yu-Jui yvonne Wan Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCA 95817USA Cancer Biology Program the University of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonoluluHI 96813USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Kaiser Permanente Sacramento Medical CenterSacramentoCA 95825USA

This study examines inhibiting galectin 1(Gal1)as a treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Gal1 has immunosuppressive and cancer-promoting *** data showed that Gal1 was highly expressed in human and mouse *** levels of Gal1 positively correlated with the stages of human HCC and negatively with *** roles of Gal1 in HCC were studied using overexpression(OE)or silencing using Igals1 siRNA delivered by *** to HCC initiation induced by RAS and AKT mutations,lgals1-OE and silencing had opposite impacts on tumor *** treatment effect of lgals1 siRNAwas further demonstrated by intersecting HCC at different time points when the tumor load had already reached 9%or even 42%of the body *** spatial transcriptomic profiles of Gal1 silenced and OE HCC,inhibiting matrix formation and recognition of foreign antigen in CD45t cell-enriched areas located at tumor-margin likely contributed to the anti-HCC effects of Gal1 *** the tumors,silencing Gal1 inhibited translational initiation,elongation,and ***,Gal1 silencing increased immune cells as well as expanded cytotoxic T cells within the tumor,and the anti-HCC effect of lgals1 siRNAwas ***,Gal1 silencing has a promising potential for HCC treatment.

关键词： Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma Carbohydrate-binding lectin Galectin 1 Extracellular matrix Translation Spatial transcriptomics Tumor-margin

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Genetic diversity of the S-type small subunit ribosomal RNA gene of Plasmodium knowlesi isolates from Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 84-90页

作者： Eric Tzyy Jiann Chong Joveen Wan Fen Neoh Tiek Ying Lau Kek Heng Chua yvonne Ai-Lian Lim Ping-Chin Lee Biotechnology Research Institute Universiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMS88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine BuildingUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS(CERiA) University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMS88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia

Objective:To determine the genetic diversity of Plasmodium(P.)knowlesi isolates from Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia,targeting the S-type SSU rRNA gene and including aspects of natural selection and ***:Thirty-nine blood samples infected with *** were collected in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular *** S-type SSU rRNA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction,cloned into a vector,and *** natural selection and haplotype of the S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences were determined using DnaSP v6 and illustrated using NETWORK *** study's 39 S-type SSU rRNA sequences and eight sequences from the Genbank database were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using MEGA ***:Overall,the phylogenetic analysis showed no evidence of a geographical cluster of *** isolates from different areas in Malaysia based on the S-type SSU rRNA gene *** S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences were relatively conserved and with a purifying *** sharing of the S-type SSU rRNA gene was observed between the *** isolates in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo,but not between Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular ***:This study suggests that the S-type SSU rRNA gene of *** isolates in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo,and Peninsular Malaysia has fewer polymorphic sites,representing the conservation of the *** features make the S-type SSU rRNA gene suitable for comparative studies,such as determining the evolutionary relationships and common ancestry among *** species.

关键词： Plasmodium knowlesi S-type small subunit ribosomal RNA Genetic diversity Natural selection Haplotype

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冬日魔法：《纳尼亚传奇》修辞之舞及动作妙用

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新世纪智能 2024年第39期 16-24页

作者： yvonne

作者介绍克莱夫·斯特普尔斯·刘易斯(Clive Staples Lewis),英国作家、学者和散文家,以其在奇幻文学领域富有想象力的作品而闻名,其中最为人熟知的是《纳尼亚传奇》系列(The Chronicles of Narnia series)。刘易斯的叙事引人入胜,世界...

作者介绍克莱夫·斯特普尔斯·刘易斯(Clive Staples Lewis),英国作家、学者和散文家,以其在奇幻文学领域富有想象力的作品而闻名,其中最为人熟知的是《纳尼亚传奇》系列(The Chronicles of Narnia series)。刘易斯的叙事引人入胜,世界构建丰富多彩,深刻的哲学主题贯穿其文字之间。他将幻想与道德寓言娓娓道来,这种独特的文学才华在各个年龄层的读者中留下了深远的印记。

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《小妇人》中的人物刻画:无灵主语与修辞的魅力

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新世纪智能 2024年第31期 17-24页

作者： yvonne

作者介绍路易莎·梅·奥尔科特（Louisa May Alcott, 1832—1888），美国女作家，出生于宾夕法尼亚州的日耳曼敦，但她的一生却是在靠近马萨诸塞州的康科特城度过的。受当作家和教师的父亲的影响，她很早就对写作产生了兴趣。因家贫，...

作者介绍路易莎·梅·奥尔科特（Louisa May Alcott, 1832—1888），美国女作家，出生于宾夕法尼亚州的日耳曼敦，但她的一生却是在靠近马萨诸塞州的康科特城度过的。受当作家和教师的父亲的影响，她很早就对写作产生了兴趣。因家贫，路易莎在成为专业作家之前不得不靠做护士、

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天才的童年独步曲

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新世纪智能 2024年第ZF期 33-35页

作者： yvonne

在德州的宁静小镇上，生活着一个与众不同的天才少年——谢尔顿·库珀（Sheldon Cooper）。他拥有过人的智商和独特的思维，在社交场合中却显得笨拙可爱。《小谢尔顿》（Young Sheldon）这部情景喜剧，生动展现了谢尔顿充满智慧与情感...

在德州的宁静小镇上，生活着一个与众不同的天才少年——谢尔顿·库珀（Sheldon Cooper）。他拥有过人的智商和独特的思维，在社交场合中却显得笨拙可爱。《小谢尔顿》（Young Sheldon）这部情景喜剧，生动展现了谢尔顿充满智慧与情感的童年生活。在这部剧中，谢尔顿的聪明才智和对科学的热爱成为了他最闪耀的标签。他独自思考着宇宙的奥秘，享受着孤独带来的思维空间。

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Optimizing laser coupling,matter heating,and particle acceleration from solids using multiplexed ultraintense lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia N.Chen Emmanuel d’Humières Laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny Paul McKenna Mark N.Quinn Lorenzo Romagnani Ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian Olivier Tresca Laura Vassura Oswald willi Julien Fuchs LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance INRS-EMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur Laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the resistive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

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GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Techniques to Derive Flood Risks Management on Rice Productivity in Gishari Marshland

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第3期12卷 222-249页

作者： Jean Nepo Nsengiyumva Emmanuel Nshimiyimana Jean Marie Ntakirutimana Phocas Musabyimana yvonne Akimana Fred Shema Set Niyitanga Séverin Hishamunda Callixte Musinga Mpamabara Eliezel Habineza Department of Agricultural Engineering Rwanda Polytechnic IPRC Gishari Rwamagana Rwanda Department of Environmental Information System University of Lay Adventist of Kigali Kigali Campus Kigali Rwanda School of Environmental Science and Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou China Department of Agricultural and Resources Economics School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Kigali Campus Kigali Rwanda Department of Smart Agriculture System Hankyong National University Anseong Kyonggi South Korea

Floods are phenomenon with significant socio-economic implications mainly for human loss, agriculture, livestock, soil loss and land degradation, for which many researchers try to identify the most appropriate methodologies by analyzing their temporal and spatial development. This study therefore attempts to employ the GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis and analytical hierarchy process techniques to derive the flood risks management on rice productivity in the Gishari Agricultural Marshland in Rwamagana district, Rwanda. Here, six influencing potential factors to flooding, including river slope, soil texture, Land Use Land Cover through Land Sat 8, rainfall, river distance and Digital Elevation Model are considered for the delineation of flood risk zones. Data acquisition like Landsat 8 images, DEM, land use land cover, slope, and soil class in the study area were considered. Results showed that if the DEM is outdated or inaccurate due to changes in the terrain, such as construction, excavation, or erosion, the predicted flood patterns might not reflect the actual water flow. This could result unexpected flood extents and depths, potentially inundating rice fields that were not previously at risk and this, expectedly explained that the increase 1 m in elevation would reduce the rice productivity by 0.17% due to unplanned flood risks in marshland. It was found that the change in rainfall distribution in Gishari agricultural marshland would also decrease the rice productivity by 0.0018%, which is a sign that rainfall is a major factor of flooding in rice scheme. Rainfall distribution plays a crucial role in flooding analysis and can directly impact rice productivity. Oppositely, another causal factor was Land Use Land Cover (LULC), where the Multivariate Logistic Regression Model Analysis findings showed that the increase of one unit in Land Use Land Cover would increase rice productivity by 0.17% of the total rice productivity from the Gishari Agricultural Ma

关键词： Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Analytical Hierarchy Analysis (AHA) GIS RS and DEM

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Genetic and Agronomic Parameter Estimates of Growth, Yield and Related Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Different Rates of Nitrogen Fertilization

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 274-291页

作者： Prince Emmanuel Norman Lansana Kamara Aloysius Beah Kelvin Sahr Gborie Francess Sia Saquee Sheku Alfred Kanu Fayia Augustine Kassoh yvonne Sylvia Gloria Ethel Norman Abdul Salaam Kargbo Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI) Freetown Sierra Leone School of Agriculture Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone School of Natural Resources Management Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone Department of Agro Biotechnology Institute of Agriculture RUDN University Moscow Russia Faculty of Development Agriculture & Natural Resources Management Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Kenema Sierra Leone

This study evaluated the genetic and agronomic parameter estimates of maize under different nitrogen rates. The trial was established at the Njala Agricultural Research Centre experimental site during 2021 and 2022 in a split block design with three maize varieties (IWCD2, 2009EVDT, and DMR-ESR-Yellow) and seven nitrogen (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 kg∙N∙ha−1) rates. Findings showed that cob diameter and anthesis silking time (ASI) had intermediate heritability, ASI had high genetic advance, ASI and grain yield had high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), while traits with high phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were plant height, ASI, grain yield, number of kernel per cob, number of kernel rows, ear length, and ear height. The PCV values were higher than GCV, indicating the influence of the environment in the studied traits. Nitrogen rates and variety significantly (p −1 plots exhibiting the lowest and highest grain yields of 1238 kg∙ha−1 and 2098 kg∙ha−1, respectively. Variety and nitrogen effects on partial factor productivity (PFPN), agronomic efficiency (AEN), net returns (NR), value cost ratio (VCR) and marginal return (MR) indicated that these parameters were significantly affected (p N (41.3 kg grain kg−1∙N) and AEN (29.4 kg grain kg−1∙N) were obtained in the 30 kg∙N∙ha−1 plots, while the highest VCR (2.8) and MR (SLL 1.8 SLL−1 spent on N) were obtained in the 180 kg∙N∙ha−1. The significant influence of variety and nitrogen on traits suggests that increasing yields and maximizing profits require use of appropriate nitrogen fe

关键词： Nitrogen Rates Genetic and Agronomic Estimates Introduced Genotypes Grain Yield Zea mays

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Community Disaster Management Assets:A Case Study of the Farm Community in Sussex County,Delaware

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2013年第1期4卷 33-47页

作者： yvonne Rademacher Disaster Research Center University of Delaware DE 19701 U.S.A.

While government mandates and programs continue to expand to meet the increasing challenges of disaster management, there is growing recognition that government cannot do it all alone. This has led to a quest to better understand local capacities, through partnerships with the private sector and volunteer organizations but also in relation to individual citizens. The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s(FEMA) recent Whole Community initiative constitutes a policy shift towards more local engagement and responsibility. However, before devising strategies to better engage and support various actors, the nature of their disaster management resources needs to be more clearly understood. What disaster management resources do communities supply? This case study examined the assets of one community group, the farm community in Sussex County, Delaware. The conceptual framework was based on a community asset approach, which currently recognizes eight types of community capital and is comprised of active, inactive, positive, and negative resources. The study found a striking discrepancy between actually used and perceived community resources. Farm community resources were primarily used for implementation activities during disaster preparedness. The types of resources used fell into three broad categories: equipment/supplies;experience/lessons learned;and access to other community and professional networks. The findings highlighte d the use of four community capitals—human, social, physical, financial—and the existence of active, inactive, negative, and positive resources. Tools currently employed to register community resources, such as the National Incident Management System(NIMS) resource inventory management for rural communities, are designed for professional emergency services but do not recognize the full range of potentially relevant community assets.

关键词： disaster striking resources

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