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Spring snow-albedo feedback from satellite observation,reanalysis and model simulations over the Northern Hemisphere

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第8期65卷 1463-1476页

作者： Hui GUO yuting yang State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

The snow-albedo feedback(SAF)is one of the key processes that lead to rapid temperature increases at high latitude and altitude ***,we examine the strength of SAF in the Northern Hemisphere(NH,30°-90°N)from satellite-based observation,climate reanalysis(i.e.,ERA5)and climate model projections(i.e.,CMIP5 and CMIP6).Using satellite-derived estimates as an observational reference,our results show that the strength of SAF is considerably overestimated by both climate reanalysis and climate models throughout the *** positive bias is mainly caused by a much higher month-to-month changing rate of surface albedo simulated by climate reanalysis and climate models,compared with satellite-based *** addition,we find that the strength of SAF is primarily controlled by changes in snow cover fraction(SNC)while the snow metamorphosis effect only plays a secondary role at the hemispheric scale and the regional ***,we demonstrate that there exists an emergent relationship between historical SAF and future SAF in climate model projections,which is then used to constrain modeled SAF in both CMIP5 and CMIP6 under various climate change *** constraining,the magnitude of modeled SAF is reduced to be more consistent with satellite-based estimates and the uncertainties of the modeled SAF are reduced by 10-50%for 13 sub-regions of the *** results highlight the need for improving the representation of surface albedo and snow cover fraction in climate reanalysis and models and the advantage of combining observation and model predictions such that to achieve a more realistic quantification of SAF and a better understanding of the impacts of SAF on the climate system.

关键词： Snow-albedo feedback Satellite observation Climate reanalysis Climate model Emergent constraint

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Observation of antichiral edge states in a circuit lattice

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第5期64卷 63-69页

作者： yuting yang DeJun Zhu ZhiHong Hang YiDong Chong School of Materials Science and Physics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 211166 China School of Physical Science and Technologv&Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow UniversirySuzhou 215006China Division of Phrysies and Applied Physiecs School of Pysical and Mathematical SciencesNamyang Techmological UniversitSingapore 637371Singapore Instiute for Adranced Study Soochow UniversitSuzhou 215006China Cenre for Disruprive Photonic Technologes Nanyang Technological UniversiySingapore 637371Singapore

We construct an electrical circuit to realize a modified Haldane lattice exhibiting the phenomenon of antichiral edge states. The circuit consists of a network of inductors and capacitors with interconnections reproducing the effects of a magnetic vector potential. The next nearest neighbor hoppings are configured differently from the standard Haldane model, and as predicted by earlier theoretical studies, this gives rise to antichiral edge states that propagate in the same direction on opposite edges and coexist with bulk states at the same frequency. Using pickup coils to measure voltage distributions in the circuit, we experimentally verify the key features of the antichiral edge states, including their group velocities and ability to propagate consistently in a M?bius strip configuration.

关键词： antichiral edge state modified Haldane model topological circuit

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Development of a soil-plant-atmosphere continuum model (HDS-SPAC) based on hybrid dual-source approach and its verification in wheat field

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第10期55卷 2671-2685页

作者： yang yuting SHANG SongHao GUAN Huade State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of the Environment&National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training Flinders UniversityAdelaide 5001Australia

HDS-SPAC,a new soil-plant-atmosphere continuum(SPAC) model,is developed for simulating water and heat transfer in *** model adopts a recently proposed hybrid dual source approach for soil evaporation and plant transpiration *** the above-ground part,a layer approach is used to partition available energy and calculate aerodynamic resistances,while a patch approach is used to derive sensible heat and latent heat fluxes from the two sources(soil and vegetation).For the below-ground part,soil water and heat dynamics are described by the mixed form of Richards equation,and the soil heat conductivity equation,*** two parts are coupled through ground heat flux for energy transfer,root-zone water potential-dependent stomatal resistance,and surface soil water potential-dependent evaporation for water *** is calculated from the water potential gradient at soil-atmosphere interface and aerodynamic resistance,and transpiration is determined using a Jarvis-type function linking soil water availability and atmospheric *** other processes,such as canopy interception and deep percolation,are also considered in the HDS-SPAC *** hybrid dual-source approach allows HDS-SPAC to simulate heat and water transfer in an ecosystem with a large range of vegetation cover change temporally or *** model was tested with observations at a wheat field in North China Plain over a time of three months covering both wet and dry *** fractional crop covers change from 30% to over 90%.The results indicated that the HDS-SPAC model can estimate actual evaporation and transpiration partitioning and soil water content and temperature over the whole range of tested vegetation coverage.

关键词： soil-plant-atmosphere continuum energy budget soil water dynamics dual-source model vegetation characteristics

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Identify Landslide Precursors from Time Series InSAR Results

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第6期14卷 963-978页

作者： Meng Liu Wentao yang yuting yang Lanlan Guo Peijun Shi School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal UniversityXining 810016China

Landslides cause huge human and economic losses *** landslide precursors is crucial for disaster *** small baseline subset interferometric synthetic-aperture radar(SBAS-InSAR)has been a popular method for detecting landslide ***,non-monotonic displacements in SBAS-InSAR results are pervasive,making it challenging to single out true landslide *** exploiting time series displacements derived by SBAS-InSAR,we proposed a method to identify moving *** method calculates two indices(global/local change index)to rank monotonicity of the time series from the derived *** two thresholds of the proposed indices,more than 96%of background noises in displacement results can be *** also found that landslides on the east and west slopes are easier to detect than other slope aspects for the Sentinel-1 *** repressing background noises,this method can serve as a convenient tool to detect landslide precursors in mountainous areas.

关键词： Monotonously changing displacements Moving landslides SBAS-InSAR Time series of deformation

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Electronically modulated d-band centers of MOF-derived carbon-supported Ru/HfO_(2) for oxygen reduction and aqueous/flexible zinc-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第5期80卷 247-255,I0007页

作者： Chuan Hu Fengli Wei Qinrui Liang Qiming Peng yuting yang Tayirjan Taylor Isimjan Xiulin yang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004GuangxiChina Saudi Basic Industries Corporation(SABIC)at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

The construction of oxide/metal composite catalysts is a competent means of exploiting the electronic interactions between oxide/metal to enhance catalytic *** this work,we construct a novel heterogeneous composite(Ru/HfO_(2)-NC)with Ru/HfO2nanoparticles nested in nitrogen-doped porous carbon via a zeolitic imidazole frameworks-assisted(ZIF)co-precipitation and calcination *** particular,ZIF guides an in-situ construction of nested configuration and confines the scattered ***,Ru/HfO_(2)-NC exhibits unusual ORR activity,superb durability,and methanol tolerance in0.1 M KOH solution with high half-wave potential(E1/2)of 0.83 V and follows a near-4e-reaction ***,the ZAB assembled with cathodic Ru/HfO_(2)-NC outputs a power density of 157.3 m W cm^(-2),a specific capacity of 775 mA h g-1Zn,and a prolonged lifespan of 258 h at 5 mA cm^(-2).Meanwhile,the catalyst has demonstrated potential applicability in flexible *** suggested by experimental results and density functional theory(DFT)analysis,the remarkable property possibly originated from the optimization of the adsorption and desorption of reactive intermediates caused by the reconfiguration of the electronic structure between Ru and HfO_(2).

关键词： Ru/HfO_(2) Charge interaction Oxygen vacancy Oxygen reduction Zinc-air battery

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Hydrological cycle and water resources in a changing world:A review

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第2期2卷 115-122页

作者： Dawen yang yuting yang Jun Xia State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Provincial Key Lab of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Water is the fundamental natural resource that supports life,ecosystems and human *** studying the water cycle is important for sustainable *** the context of global climate change,a better under-standing of the water cycle is *** study summarises current research and highlights future directions of water science from four perspectives:(i)the water cycle;(ii)hydrologic processes;(iii)coupled natural-social water systems;and(iv)integrated watershed *** should be placed on understanding the joint impacts of climate change and human activities on hydrological processes and water resources across temporal and spatial *** the interactions between land and atmosphere are keys to addressing this *** systematic approaches should be developed for large basin *** for focused research include:variations of cryosphere hydrological processes in upper alpine zones;and human activities on the wa-ter cycle and relevant biogeochemical processes in middle-lower *** the water cycle is naturally coupled with social characteristics across multiple scales,multi-process and multi-scale models are ***-drological studies should use this new paradigm as part of water-food-energy frontier *** will help to promote interdisciplinary study across natural and social sciences in accordance with the United Nation’s sustainable development goals.

关键词： scales cycle watershed

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Delicate surface vacancies engineering of Ru doped MOF-derived Ni-NiO@C hollow microsphere superstructure to achieve outstanding hydrogen oxidation performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 395-404,I0011页

作者： yuting yang Yi Huang Shuqing Zhou Yi Liu Luyan Shi Tayirjan Taylor Isimjan Xiulin yang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004GuangxiChina Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation(SABIC)at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Surface vacancy defects,as the bridge between theoretical structural study and the design of heterogenous catalysts,have captured much *** work develops a metal-organic framework-engaged replacement-pyrolysis approach to obtain highly dispersed Ru nanoparticles immobilized on the vacancy-rich Ni-NiO@C hollow microsphere(Ru/Ni-NiO@C).Fine annealing at 400°C introduces nickel and oxygen vacancies on Ru/Ni-NiO@C surface,resulting in an improved electrical conductivity and rapid mass-charge transfer ***/Ni-NiO@C with a hollow micro/nanostructure and interconnected meso-porosity favors the maximal exposure of abundant active sites and elevation of hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR)*** results and density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that an electronic effect between Ru and Ni-NiO@C,in conjunction with nickel/oxygen vacancies in the NiO species could synergistically optimize hydrogen binding energy(HBE)and hydroxide binding energy(OHBE).The HBE and OHBE optimizations thus created confer Ru/Ni-NiO@C with a mass activity over 7.75 times higher than commercial Pt/*** work may provide a constructive route to make a breakthrough in elevating the hydrogen electrocatalytic performance.

关键词： Ru/Ni-NiO@C Vacancy defects Electrocatalysis Metal-organic framework Hydrogen oxidation

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Unidirectional transport in amorphous topological photonic crystals

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第7期66卷 62-68页

作者： yuting yang Xinyue Qian Liwei Shi Xiaopeng Shen Zhi Hong Hang School of Materials Science and Physics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China School of Physical Science and Technology&Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Institute for Advanced Study Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Many works on topological insulators have focused on periodic lattice systems,where short-and long-range order is *** we construct a two-dimensional amorphous photonic crystal with short-range order and a controllable level of long-range order and experimentally investigate the transport of topological edge states in this amorphous *** demonstrate that topology properties remain constant with unidirectional edge state propagation,immune to specific disorder *** partition phenomena of edge states are also observed at the intersection of four topological channels in microwave *** proposed amorphous configuration provides new opportunities to explore the relationship between short-range order and topology and may alleviate the fabrication difficulties of topological optical devices for practical applications.

关键词： photonic crystal amorphous material topological insulator

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A prompt-based approach to adversarial example generation and robustness enhancement

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第4期18卷 85-96页

作者： yuting yang Pei HUANG Juan CAO Jintao LI Yun LIN Feifei MA Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Institute of Computing TechnologyCASBeijing 100190China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Computer Science Stanford UniversityCA 94305USA School of Computing National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Laboratory of Parallel Software and Computational Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Recent years have seen the wide application of natural language processing(NLP)models in crucial areas such as finance,medical treatment,and news media,raising concerns about the model robustness and *** find that prompt paradigm can probe special robust defects of pre-trained language *** prompt texts are first constructed for inputs and a pre-trained language model can generate adversarial examples for victim models via *** results show that prompt paradigm can efficiently generate more diverse adversarial examples besides synonym ***,we propose a novel robust training approach based on prompt paradigm which incorporates prompt texts as the alternatives to adversarial examples and enhances robustness under a lightweight minimax-style optimization *** on three real-world tasks and two deep neural models show that our approach can significantly improve the robustness of models to resist adversarial attacks.

关键词： robustness adversarial example prompt learning pre-trained language model

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A DNA tetrahedron-based nanosuit for efficient delivery of amifostine and multi-organ radioprotection

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第9期39卷 191-205页

作者： yuting yang Jinlong yang Jianwei Zhu Xingyu Chen Li Zhou Wenjuan Ma Yunfeng Lin State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041PR China Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials ChengduSichuan610041PR China National Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240PR China Department of Neurosurgery of West China Hospital Sichuan UniversityChengdu610041PR China Department of Neurosurgery Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of Chin1Chengdu611731PR China Histology and Imaging Platform Core Facility of West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041PR China

Unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation(IR)often causes acute and chronic oxidative damages to normal cells and organs,leading to serious physiological and even life-threatening ***(AMF)is a validated radioprotectant extensively applied in radiation and chemotherapy medicine,but the short half-life limits its bioavailability and clinical applications,remaining as a great challenge to be *** nanostructures especially the tetrahedral framework nucleic acids(tFNAs)are promising nanocarriers with preeminent biosafety,low biotoxicity,and high transport *** tFNAs also have a relative long-term maintenance for structural stability and excellent endocytosis *** therefore synthesized a tFNA-based delivery system of AMF for multi-organ radioprotection(tFNAs@AMF,also termed nanosuit).By establishing the mice models of accidental total body irradiation(TBI)and radiotherapy model of Lewis lung cancer,we demonstrated that the nanosuit could shield normal cells from IR-induced DNA damage by regulating the molecular biomarkers of anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative *** the accidental total body irradiation(TBI)mice model,the nanosuit pretreated mice exhibited satisfactory alteration of superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)contents,and functional recovery of hematopoietic system,reducing IRinduced pathological damages of multi-organ and safeguarding mice from lethal *** importantly,the nanosuit showed a selective radioprotection of the normal organs without interferences of tumor control in the radiotherapy model of Lewis lung *** on a conveniently available DNA tetrahedron-based nanocarrier,this work presents a high-efficiency delivery system of AMF with the prolonged half-life and enhanced radioprotection for *** nanosuit pioneers a promising strategy with great clinical translation potential for radioactivity protection.

关键词： Ionizing radiation Nanosuit Amifostine Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids DNA damage Multi-organ protection Lewis lung cancer model

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