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Recent changes in breeding abundance and distribution of the Common Pochard(Aythya ferina)in its eastern range

Avian Research 2020年第3期11卷 224-237页

作者： Alexander Mischenko Anthony David Fox sauliusŠvažas Olga sukhanova Alexandre Czajkowski sergey Kharitonov yuri Lokhman Oleg Ostrovsky Daiva Vaitkuvienė n.severtsov institute of ecology and evolution of the russian academy of sciences leninskiy street 33moscow 117071russia department of bioscience aarhus universitygrenaej 14kalф8410 rфdedenmark nature research centre akademijos 208412 vilniuslithuania russian society for bird conservation and study bolshaya nikitskaya street 6125009 moscowrussia european institute for the management of wild birds and their habitats 59 rue ampère75017 parisfrance kuban scientific-research centre wildlife of the caucasusteplichnaya street 58-18krasnodar 350087russia scientific practical centre of national academy of sciences of belarus for biological resources akademicheskaya street 27220072 minskbelarus.

Background:The Common Pochard(Aythya ferina)(hereafter Pochard),a widespread and common freshwater diving duck in the Palearctic,was reclassified in 2015 from Least Concern to Vulnerable IUCN status based on rapid declines throughout its *** of its status,distribution and the potential causes for the decline in Europe has been undertaken,but there has never been a review of its status in the major part of its breeding range across Russia to the Pacific ***:We reviewed the scientific literature and unpublished reports,and canvassed expert opinion throughout Russia to assess available knowledge about changes in the species distribution and abundance since the ***:While accepting available information may not be representative throughout the entire eastern range of the species,the review found marked declines in Pochard breeding abundance in the last two decades throughout European *** have also declined throughout *** throughout the steppe region seemed related to local drought severity in recent years,necessitating further research to confirm this climate link at larger spatial *** in the forest and forest-steppe regions appeared related to the major abandonment of fish farms in western Russia that had formerly provided habitat for breeding ***,hyper-eutrophication of shallow eutrophic lakes,cessation of grazing and haymaking in floodplain systems necessary to maintain suitable nesting habitat and disappearance of colonies of the Black-headed Gull(Chroicocephalus ridibundus)in a number of wetlands were also *** invasive alien predator species(*** Mink Neovison vison and Raccoon Dog Nyctereutes procyonoides)and increasing spring hunting were also thought to contribute to *** of expansion in numbers and range only came from small numbers occurring in the Russian Far East,including on the border with China and the long-established isolated population on

关键词： Aythya ferina Breeding Common Pochard Population declines Population stressors

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Exploring factors that motivate nursing students to engage in skills practice in a laboratory setting:A descriptive qualitative design

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International Journal of Nursing sciences 2021年第1期8卷 79-86,I0006页

作者： Yoko Nakayoshi Miyuki Takase Mayumi Niitani Takiko Imai Mari Okada Kumiko Yamamoto yuri Takei school of Nursing Yasuda Women’s UniversityJapan school of Nursing Prefectural University of HiroshimJapan Division of Health science Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityJapan

Objectives:The aim of this study was to explore factors that motivate students to engage in skills practice in a laboratory setting,and to identify their motivation types and the regulatory ***:semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 nursing students from three universities between November 2017 and January 2018.A thematic analysis was used to identify factors associated with students’motivation to engage in skills practice in a *** types and the regulatory styles of student motivation were identified based on the self-determination ***:seven motivating factors were *** factors included the students’desire“to acquire the skills necessary to work as a nurse”,the“desire to improve skills in preparation for clinical practicum”,and their felt“obligations to patients as a nurse”.Moreover,“the impetus to study arising from the objective evaluation of oneself and others”and“wanting to pass the skills examination”motivated the students to engage in skills practice.A“learning environment that facilitates students’learning”and the“supportive involvement of educators”facilitated their *** on the self-determination theory,the students were found to embrace extrinsic motivation with four regulatory styles of motivation,namely integrated,identified,introjected,and external ***:Nurse educators should understand the motivating factors of students,and help students embrace a more internally controlled motivation by helping them envision their future careers as nurses,and by fostering their ethical duty to care for patients.

关键词： Laboratories Learning Motivation Nursing students Clinical competence

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Exercise training as an intervention for frailty in cirrhotic patients on the liver transplant waiting list:A systematic review

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第10期15卷 1153-1163页

作者： Thais Mellato Loschi Melline D T A Baccan Bianca Della Guardia Paulo N Martins Amanda P C s Boteon yuri L Boteon Transplant Centre Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão Paulo 05652-900Brazil Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert EinsteinSão Paulo 05652-900Brazil Department of surgery Transplant DivisionUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

BACKGROUND The existing literature suggests that exercise for cirrhotic patients is safe and favours significant improvement to their physical ***,exercise training for this population and how to deliver activities,especially in severe stages of the disease and while waiting for a liver transplant(LT),remain *** To review the existing exercise prescriptions for cirrhotic patients on the waiting list for LT,their results for frailty evolution and their effect on clinical *** A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines and searching the PubMed,MEDLINE,and scopus *** keyword“liver transplant”was used in combination with the free terms“frailty”and“exercise”for the literature *** studies that evaluated the effect of a regular training program,independent of supervision or the duration or intensity of physical exercise,in cirrhotic patients on the waiting list for LT were *** data on safe physical activity prescriptions following Frequency,Intensity,Time,and Type recommendations were extracted and *** Nine articles met the inclusion criteria for this *** instruments for frailty assessment were used,frequently in *** studies prescribed physical activity for patients,one in-person and four to be performed remotely and *** remaining four studies only used a self-report instrument to assess the level of physical *** reported adverse events related to exercise *** exercise frequency mainly varied from daily to a minimum of twice per *** intensity depended on frailty and included increasing levels of *** type of exercise was predominantly a combination of aerobic and resistance *** duration of exercise varied from 4 to 12 *** articles evaluated the effect of the exercise program on clinical outcomes,reporting a reduction in 90-d readmission rates post-tran

关键词： End-stage liver disease Liver transplant Frailty Exercise Rehabilitation sarcopenia

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Fluorescence color diversity of great barrier reef corals

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health sciences 2015年第4期8卷 58-68页

作者： Grigory Lapshin Anya salih Peter Kolosov Maria Golovkina yuri Zavorotnyi Tatyana Ivashina Leonid Vinokurov Victor Bagratashvili Alexander savitsky Physical Biochemistry Lab INBI RASLeninsky Prospekt 33Build.2 Moscow 119071Russia Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics Moscow state University Leninskiye Gory 1-73 MSU GSP-1 Moscow 119991Russia Confocal Bio-Imaging Facility(CBIF) Division Deputy Vice-Chancellor(Research&Development)University of Western SydneyLocked Bag 1797 Penrith South DCNSW 1797Australia Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology The Russian Academy of sciences 5A Butlerova St.Moscow 117485Russia skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State University 1(2)Leninskie Gory GSP-1Moscow 119991Russia Molecular Microbiology Lab Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Micro-organisms RAS Prospect Nauki 5 Pushchino142290 Moscow RegionRussia Group of Bioengineering of Reporter Proteins Branch of the shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of sciences Prospekt Nauki 65 Pushchino 142290 Moscow RegionRussia Institute of Laser and Information Technologies RAs 2 Pionerskaya TroitskMoscow 142190Russia

A group of variously colored proteins belonging to the green fAuorescent protein(GFP)family are responsible for coloring coral *** of the Great Barrier Reef were studied with the custom-built fiber laser fluorescence *** analysis showed that most of the excarmined corals contained multiple fuorescent peaks ranging from 470 to *** obser-vation was attributed to the presence of multiple genes of GFP-like proteins in a single coral,as well as by the photo-induced post-translational modifcations of certain GFP-like *** isolated a novel photo-convertible fuorescent protein(FP)from one of the tested ***:propose that two processes may explain the observed diversity of the fuorescent spectra in corals:(1)dark post-translational modifcation(maturation),and(2)color photo-conversion of certain maturated proteins in response to sunlight.

关键词： Coral fuorescence GFP like proteins fuorophores Kaede

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Reactivity of N-Methylidenemalonates of 3-Arylaminoindoles and p-Dimethylamino-N-Phenylaniline in the Course of Their Analysis by Electrospray Ionization Mass spectrometry

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International Journal of Analytical Mass spectrometry and Chromatography 2017年第1期5卷 1-16页

作者： yuri s. Nekrasov Nikolai s. Ikonnikov yuri A. Borisov sergey s. Kiselev Albert G. Kornienko Valeriya s. Velezheva Yury I. Lyakhovetsky A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds The Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

The behavior of N-methylidenemalonates of 3-arylaminoindoles and p-dimetylamino-N-phenylanyline (M = ANa) was studied during their analysis with EsI mass spectrometer operated in negative (NI) and positive (PI) ion modes. Anions [A] and both [M + H]+ and [M + Na]+ were recorded under conditions of the NI-EsI and PI-EsI, respectively. The fragmentation processes of [A] and [M + H]+ were found that probably occurred as “insource collusion induced dissociation”. The main paths for [A] proved to be elimination of CO2 and breakage of the N-methylidenemalonate bond. A route [A]- - CO2 - ROH (R = Me or Et) was less expressed and occurred for the indolyl-containing compounds with the NH bond only. Experiments employing heavy water demonstrated the isotope exchange to occur involving the hydrogen atom of this bond. This and other facts evidenced that the last fragmentation included abstraction of just this atom. Quantum-chemical calculations allowed picking out a structure for the product ion from the possible ones. The calculations also indicated that the protonation of M occurred at the anionic oxygen atom of the malonate moiety. The fragmentation of [M + H]+ ions included elimination of two water molecules that was supported by their Ms2 spectra. A common feature of the NI- and PI-EsI mass spectra was the presence of oligomeric ions, up to tetramers and trimers for the NI- and PI-EsI ones, respectively. The oligomers were formed by interaction of the corresponding ions with neutral molecules. When ions contained extra hydrogen atoms, they were introduced by hydrolysis.

关键词： N-Methylidenemalonates of 3-Aminoarylindoles Electrospray Ionization Fragmentation Processes Quantum-Chemical Calculations Ion structures

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short-term microbial responses to soluble inorganic P input in a tropical lowland rain forest in Amazonia

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Pedosphere 2021年第6期31卷 964-972页

作者： yuri W.L.DE sOUsA Erika BUsCARDO Carlos A.N.QUEsADA Henrique E.M.NAsCIMENTO Laszlo NAGY National Research Institute for Amazonia Manaus 69067-375(Brazil) Department of Forestry University of BrasiliaBrasilia 70910-900(Brazil) Centre for Functional Ecology University of CoimbraCoimbra 3000-456(Portugal) Department of Animal Biology University of CampinasCampinas 13083-862(Brazil)

In non-flooded lowland rain forests with low soil phosphorus(P)in parts of Amazonia,P cycling largely occurs via leaf litter recycling by arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungal *** high input of P into these ecosystems occurs during drought years with increased *** the length and frequency of drought events are projected to increase in the region,a single-dose nutrient addition experiment was carried out to test how this would impact P *** application rate of 4 kg P ha^(-1) was used,which corresponds to twice the amount of litter-derived P in an average *** was hypothesized that i)the added mineral P would be immobilized by soil microorganisms,leading to measurable increase in soil microbial biomass carbon(C)and P and ii)AM colonization rate would be reduced by the pulse in mineral P available for plant *** results did not support either of our *** addition of P did not have an effect on AM root colonization,nor was P immobilized by soil microbiota during the experimental *** lack of a difference between the control and treatment at our study site could be attributed to the relatively low one-off dose of P applied that did not change either the colonization rate of roots by AM fungi or the amount of soil available labile *** obtain a mechanistic understanding of the availability,capture,and use of P by plant-symbiont associations in tropical rain forest ecosystems,further integrated studies of the soil-plant system combining long-term nutrient manipulations,modeling,and experimental approaches are required.

关键词： Amazon basin arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi nutrient addition phosphorus cycling soil microbial biomass

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Efficient ultrafast laser writing with elliptical polarization

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Light(science & Applications) 2023年第4期12卷 605-612页

作者： Yuhao Lei Gholamreza shayeganrad Huijun Wang Masaaki sakakura Yanhao Yu Lei Wang Dmitrii Kliukin Linards skuja yuri svirko Peter G.Kazansky Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Institute of solid state Physics University of Latvia8 Kengaraga StrasseRiga LV-1063Latvia Institute of Photonics Department of Physics and MathematicsUniversity of Eastern FinlandFI-80101 JoensuuFinland

Photosensitivity in nature is commonly associated with stronger light *** is also believed that artificial optical anisotropy to be the strongest when created by light with linear *** to intuition,ultrafast laser direct writing with elliptical polarization in silica glass,while nonlinear absorption is about 2.5 times weaker,results in form birefringence about twice that of linearly polarized ***,a larger concentration of anisotropic nanopores created by elliptically polarized light pulses is *** phenomenon is interpreted in terms of enhanced interaction of circularly polarized light with a network of randomly oriented bonds and hole polarons in silica glass,as well as efficient tunneling ionization produced by circular *** to multiplexed optical data storage and birefringence patterning in silica glass are demonstrated.

关键词： polarization laser polarized

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Cryptophyta Flagellates of Meromictic Lakes shira and shunet(Khakassia,Russia):Mechanisms of Vertical Distribution and Trophic Role

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Acta Geologica sinica(English Edition) 2014年第S1期88卷 50-52页

作者： yuri BARKHATOV Elena KHROMECHEK Alexander TOLOMEEV Igor PROKOPKIN Institute of Biophysics sB RAs Akademgorodok

1 Introduction Many of the stratified lakes are characterized by the presence of large populations of cryptomonads in their chemocline zones(Reynolds,1992;Gervais et al,2003;Pedro’s-Alio’et al.,1995).These populations are adapted to low light intensity and high sulfide concentration;they have a mixotrophic ability and form the so-called"deep chlorophyll maxima"(Gervais,1998;Marsha"and Laybourn-Parry,2002).A similar Cryptomonas sp.

关键词： phytoflagellates deep chlorophyll maxima meromictic lake simulation modelling Lake shira Lake shunet

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普通球粒陨石semarkona中球粒的PbP-b法年龄

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地球化学 2006年第1期35卷 13-18页

作者：谢智 yuri AMELIN Geological survey of Canada OttawaONCanada

陨石年代学研究中常用定年工具包括短半衰期和长半衰期放射性同位素体系,其中前者可以给出陨石形成的相对年龄,而后者则可以给出绝对形成年龄。在长半衰期体系中,PbP-b法是目前能获得高精度可靠年龄的最有效方法。普通球粒陨石sem arkon... 详细信息

陨石年代学研究中常用定年工具包括短半衰期和长半衰期放射性同位素体系,其中前者可以给出陨石形成的相对年龄,而后者则可以给出绝对形成年龄。在长半衰期体系中,PbP-b法是目前能获得高精度可靠年龄的最有效方法。普通球粒陨石sem arkona是最不平衡的LL3.0型陨石,受后期热变质的影响很小,因此其年龄研究对反演陨石起源有重要意义。在本文中,对sem arkona中球粒用不同的化学浸洗流程,并测定浸洗溶液和残渣中UT-hP-b同位素组成,其中浸洗后的残渣均给出相对较高的206Pb/204Pb比值,表明其中含有较多的放射成因Pb同位素组成,这些残渣构成PbP-b等时线,给出年龄为(4566.9±5.8)M a,M sW D=26,与207Pb/206Pb模式年龄在误差范围内一致。尽管sem arkona陨石可能经历了后期蚀变的影响,但前人对陨石变质温度的研究结果表明,热变质温度并未足以使球粒中Pb同位素体系重置,因此获得的年龄代表sem arkona陨石球粒的形成年龄。

关键词： semarkona陨石球粒 Pb-Pb方法

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The status of the Isotope separation by PsP

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第2期7卷 306-317页

作者： yuri A. Muromkin Molecular Physics Institute NRC "Kurchatov Institute " Moscow 123 182 Russia

Experiments, prqiects and patents, concerning practical usage of a separation method, based on ICR （ion cyclotron resonance） in plasma, carried out in the 2000s in UsA, EU and in Russia, are discussed in this article. It was planned to use ICR method for production of isotopically enriched burnable poisons for nuclear reactor fuel, and also to use this method for extraction of neutron-excess isotopes for the purpose of observation of neutrinoless double beta decay （ββ0v）. One more application of this method can be a nuclear waste treatment technology. Current situation with realization of these plans is considered.

关键词： ICR (ion cyclotron resonance) selective ICR heating of ions in plasma isotope separation.

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