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Physical mechanism of the rapid increase in intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves in the Northern Hemisphere since 1980

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2103-2121页

作者： yuqing wang Wen ZHOU Chunzai wang Key Laboratory of Polar Atmosphere-ocean-ice System for Weather and Climate of the MOE Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the MNR Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 201209China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Global Ocean and Climate Research Center South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China

Since 1980,both the intensity and duration of summer heatwaves in the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere have significantly increased,leading this region to become a critical area for a significant increase in the frequency of intense and long-lived extreme *** found that stronger and more persistent high-pressure systems and lower soil moisture before the events were the main drivers of intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves in western Europe and the middle and high latitudes of North ***,in eastern Europe and Siberia,lower cloud cover before events is also a main driver of this type of extreme heatwave,in addition to the above *** factors are coupled with each other and can change heatwave intensity and duration by influencing surface radiation processes during *** the self-organizing map classification method,we found that 6 weather patterns with increased frequency,intensity,and duration were the main dynamic reasons leading to the increase in intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves after *** addition,the decrease in summer average soil moisture in most areas of the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and the decrease in average cloud cover in eastern Europe and Siberia are found to be the main thermodynamic reasons leading to the increase in these extreme heatwaves.

关键词： High intensity Long duration Extreme heatwaves High pressure system Soil moisture Cloud cover

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On the Optimal Initial Inner-Core Size for Tropical Cyclone Intensification: An Idealized Numerical Study

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ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 2024年第11期41卷 2141-2155页

作者： Fei, Rong wang, yuqing Wuxi Univ Sch Atmospher Sci & Remote Sensing Wuxi 214105 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci State Key Lab Severe Weather Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Univ Hawaii Manoa Int Pacific Res Ctr Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol Dept Atmospher Sci Honolulu HI 96822 USA

Recent observational and numerical studies have revealed the dependence of the intensification rate on the inner-core size of tropical cyclones (TCs). In this study, with the initial inner-core size (i.e., the radius of maximum wind-RMW) varied from 20-180 km in idealized simulations using two different numerical models, we found a nonmonotonic dependence of the lifetime maximum intensification rate (LMIR) on the inner-core size. Namely, there is an optimal inner-core size for the LMIR of a TC. Tangential wind budget analysis shows that, compared to large TCs, small TCs have large inward flux of absolute vorticity due to large absolute vorticity inside the RMW. However, small TCs also suffer from strong lateral diffusion across the eyewall, which partly offsets the positive contribution from large inward flux of absolute vorticity. These two competing processes ultimately lead to the TC with an intermediate initial inner-core size having the largest LMIR. Results from sensitivity experiments show that the optimal size varies in the range of 40-120 km and increases with higher sea surface temperature, lower latitude, larger horizontal mixing length, and weaker initial TC intensity. The 40-120 km RMW corresponds to the inner-core size most commonly found for intensifying TCs in observations, suggesting the natural selection of initial TC size for intensification. This study highlights the importance of accurate representation of TC inner-core size to TC intensity forecasts by numerical weather prediction models.

关键词： tropical cyclones intensification inner-core size idealized simulations SURFACE EXCHANGE COEFFICIENTS PART II BOUNDARY-LAYER INTENSITY DYNAMICS

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On the Optimal Initial Inner-Core Size for Tropical Cyclone Intensification: An Idealized Numerical Study

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第11期 2141-2155页

作者： Rong FEI yuqing wang School of Atmospheric Sciences and Remote Sensing Wuxi University State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences International Pacific Research Center Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology University of Hawaii at Manoa

Recent observational and numerical studies have revealed the dependence of the intensification rate on the inner-core size of tropical cyclones(TCs). In this study, with the initial inner-core size(i.e., the radius of maximum wind—RMW)varied from 20–180 km in idealized simulations using two different numerical models, we found a nonmonotonic dependence of the lifetime maximum intensification rate(LMIR) on the inner-core size. Namely, there is an optimal innercore size for the LMIR of a TC. Tangential wind budget analysis shows that, compared to large TCs, small TCs have large inward flux of absolute vorticity due to large absolute vorticity inside the RMW. However, small TCs also suffer from strong lateral diffusion across the eyewall, which partly offsets the positive contribution from large inward flux of absolute vorticity. These two competing processes ultimately lead to the TC with an intermediate initial inner-core size having the largest LMIR. Results from sensitivity experiments show that the optimal size varies in the range of 40–120 km and increases with higher sea surface temperature, lower latitude, larger horizontal mixing length, and weaker initial TC intensity. The 40–120 km RMW corresponds to the inner-core size most commonly found for intensifying TCs in observations, suggesting the natural selection of initial TC size for intensification. This study highlights the importance of accurate representation of TC inner-core size to TC intensity forecasts by numerical weather prediction models.

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Review of Sc microalloying effects in Al-Cu alloys

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1098-1114页

作者： Shenghua Wu Chong Yang Peng Zhang Hang Xue Yihan Gao yuqing wang Ruihong wang Jinyu Zhang Gang Liu Jun Sun State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China School of Aerospace Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

Artificially controlling the solid-state precipitation in aluminum (Al) alloys is an efficient way to achieve well-performed properties,and the microalloying strategy is the most frequently adopted method for such a *** this paper,recent advances in lengthscale-dependent scandium (Sc) microalloying effects in Al-Cu model alloys are *** coarse-grained Al-Cu alloys,the Sc-aided Cu/Sc/vacancies complexes that act as heterogeneous nuclei and Sc segregation at the θ′-Al_(2)Cu/matrix interface that reduces interfacial energy contribute significantly to θ′*** grain size refinement to the fine/ultrafine-grained scale,the strongly bonded Cu/Sc/vacancies complexes inhibit Cu and vacancy diffusing toward grain boundaries,promoting the desired intragranular θ′*** nanocrystalline scale,the applied high strain producing high-density vacancies results in the formation of a large quantity of (Cu Sc,vacancy)-rich atomic complexes with high thermal stability,outstandingly improving the strength/ductility synergy and preventing the intractable low-temperature *** review recommends the use of microalloying technology to modify the precipitation behaviors toward better combined mechanical properties and thermal stability in Al alloys.

关键词： aluminum alloy microalloying effect length-scale dependence precipitation mechanical properties

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Improving chitosan-based composite membrane by introducing a novel hybrid functional nano-hydroxyapatite with carboxymethyl cellulose and phytic acid

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 1-15页

作者： Liuyun Jiang Yingjun Ma Shuo Tang yuqing wang Yan Zhang Shengpei Su Xiang Hu Jun He National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology&Traditional Chinese Medicine Research(Ministry of Education)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China State Key Laboratory Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish School of Life ScienceHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control Changsha Hospital for Matemal&Child Health Care Aiffiliated to Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

A functional hybrid nano-hydroxyapatite(carboxymethyl cellulose-phytic acid-n-HA,CMC-PA-n-HA)was prepared by adding CMC and *** results of Fourier transformation infrared spectra,X-ray diffraction,thermal gravimetric analysis and dispersion experiments indicated that the addition of CMC and PA affected the morphology,crystallinity and crystal size of hybrid n-HA,and CMC endowed hybrid n-HA with excellent *** electron microscope results showed that CMC-PA-n-HA nanoparticle could be uniformly dispersed in chitosan(CS)matrix to obtain composite membrane by casting technology,so that the highest tensile strength of CMC-PA-n-HA/CS composite membrane was 69.64%and 144.45%higher than that of CS membrane and n-HA/CS composite membrane,*** angle test showed that CMC-PA-n-HA effectively improved hydrophilicity of the CS *** simulated body fluid immersion results indicated that the CMC-PA-n-HA/CS composite membrane not only exhibited good degradability but also promoted bone-like apatite *** cell proliferation experiments proved that the introduction of PA made the composite membrane have better cell adhesion and proliferation *** tests demonstrated that PA could effectively improve the antibacterial properties of the composite membrane,which is expected to be applied as guide bone tissue regeneration membrane.

关键词： nano-hydroxyapatite chitosan dispersion guide bone tissue regeneration membrane

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A Physics-informed Deep-learning Intensity Prediction Scheme for Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1391-1402页

作者： Yitian ZHOU Ruifen ZHAN yuqing wang Peiyan CHEN Zhemin TAN Zhipeng XIE Xiuwen NIE Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration Shanghai 200030China Department of Atmospheric Sciences and International Pacific Research Center University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu 96822USA Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/MOE and School of the Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Computer Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Accurate prediction of tropical cyclone(TC)intensity is challenging due to the complex physical processes ***,we introduce a new TC intensity prediction scheme for the western North Pacific(WNP)based on a time-dependent theory of TC intensification,termed the energetically based dynamical system(EBDS)model,together with the use of a long short-term memory(LSTM)neural *** time-dependent theory,TC intensity change is controlled by both the internal dynamics of the TC system and various environmental factors,expressed as environmental dynamical *** LSTM neural network is used to predict the environmental dynamical efficiency in the EBDS model trained using besttrack TC data and global reanalysis data during 1982–*** transfer learning and ensemble methods are used to retrain the scheme using the environmental factors predicted by the Global Forecast System(GFS)of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction during 2017–*** predicted environmental dynamical efficiency is finally iterated into the EBDS equations to predict TC *** new scheme is evaluated for TC intensity prediction using both reanalysis data and the GFS prediction *** intensity prediction by the new scheme shows better skill than the official prediction from the China Meteorological Administration(CMA)and those by other state-of-art statistical and dynamical forecast systems,except for the 72-h *** at the longer lead times of 96 h and 120 h,the new scheme has smaller forecast errors,with a more than 30%improvement over the official forecasts.

关键词： tropical cyclones western North Pacific intensity prediction EBDS LSTM

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Solar cells based on doubly concerted companion dyes with the efficiencies modulated by inserting an ethynyl group at different positions

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 189-192页

作者： yuqing wang Zhemin Li Qingjun Lu Qizhao Li Jiaxin Luo Chengjie Li Yongshu Xie Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science&TechnologyShanghai 200237China

To develop efficient sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs),we recently reported doubly concerted companion(DCC)dye XW83 with a wrapped porphyrin sub-dye unit linked to an organic sub-dye unit through a flexible chain,which exhibits panchromatic absorption and excellent anti-aggregation *** further improve the absorption,we herein report XW87 and XW88 by inserting an ethynyl group into the organic sub-dye unit of XW83 near the donor and acceptor,*** the corresponding organic dyes Z3 and Z4,the introduced ethynyl group improves their absorption,but induces aggravated charge recombination,leading to lowered power conversion efficiencies(PCEs).Similar to the organic dyes,the introduced ethynyl group improves the absorption of DCC dyes XW87 and XW88 as *** addition,the ethynyl group near the acceptor of the organic sub-dye unit can be well protected by the long wrapping chains from the porphyrin *** a result,XW88 affords the highest JSC(21.84 mA/cm^(2)),V_(OC)(782 mV)and PCE(12.2%)among the DCC *** results provide an effective method for developing efficient DSSC dyes by inserting an ethynyl group at a suitable position of a DCC dye.

关键词： Porphyrin Ethynyl bridge Charge-recombination Dye sensitized solar cells Doubly concerted companion dyes

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Research on the Influence of Raceway Waviness on the Vibration Characteristics of Deep Groove Ball Bearings

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Mechanical Engineering Science 2024年第1期6卷 13-20页

作者： Yuanlong CHEN Jiarui ZHOU Xinyu WEN Shaoqi WANYAN yuqing wang School of Mechanical Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefeiAnhui23009China

The dynamics model of a 2-degree-of-freedom deep groove ball bearing is established by incorporating the raceway surface waviness model comprising multiple sinusoidal functions *** model is solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method to obtain the vibration characteristics including displacement,velocity,acceleration,and frequency of the *** of the model is accomplished through comparison with theoretical vibration *** influence of the amplitude of waviness of the inner and outer ring raceway surfaces of deep groove ball bearings on the vibration displacement,peak-to-peak vibration displacement and root-mean-square vibration acceleration is analyzed,and the results show that as the amplitude of the inner and outer ring raceway surfaces waviness increases,all the vibration characteristic indexes increase,indicating that the vibration amplitude of the bearings as well as the energy of the waviness-induced shock waveforms increase with the increase of the amplitude of the waviness.

关键词： Waviness Deep groove ball bearing Vibration characteristics Dynamics

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火焰燃料电池技术研究进展

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工程热物理学报 2024年第7期45卷 2147-2156页

作者：王雨晴史翊翔蔡宁生北京理工大学机电学院北京100081 清华大学能源与动力工程系热科学与动力教育部重点实验室北京100084

火焰燃料电池(Flame Fuel Cell,FFC)是一种新型固体氧化物燃料电池(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,SOFC),将富燃火焰与SOFC直接耦合,具有装置简单、燃料适应性广、启动快速等特点,在小型天然气分布式供能以及动力系统中极具应用前景。本文首先... 详细信息

火焰燃料电池(Flame Fuel Cell,FFC)是一种新型固体氧化物燃料电池(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,SOFC),将富燃火焰与SOFC直接耦合,具有装置简单、燃料适应性广、启动快速等特点,在小型天然气分布式供能以及动力系统中极具应用前景。本文首先介绍了FFC的发电原理与研究概况,随后分别从燃料富燃特性、富燃火焰中电池性能特性以及FFC电堆集成与系统分析三个方面介绍了火焰燃料电池的相关研究进展,并展望了超高温燃料电池研发、衰减机制研究以及规模化放大等发展方向。

关键词：火焰燃料电池富燃燃烧抗热震性分布式供能系统

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数智赋能推进敏捷化应急情报体系研究

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现代情报 2024年第4期44卷 3-10,31页

作者：张桂蓉王雨晴中南大学公共管理学院湖南长沙410075 中南大学社会稳定风险研究评估中心湖南长沙410075

[目的/意义]为有效提高应急情报的流转效率,本研究提出敏捷化应急情报体系。[方法/过程]本文从物理世界、信息空间、社会系统3个层面分析敏捷化应急情报体系现实困境,阐明数智赋能对于推进敏捷化应急情报体系建设的重要性,基于敏捷治理... 详细信息

[目的/意义]为有效提高应急情报的流转效率,本研究提出敏捷化应急情报体系。[方法/过程]本文从物理世界、信息空间、社会系统3个层面分析敏捷化应急情报体系现实困境,阐明数智赋能对于推进敏捷化应急情报体系建设的重要性,基于敏捷治理理论剖析敏捷化应急情报体系的理论内涵,提出敏捷化应急情报体系架构。[结果/结论]敏捷化应急情报体系主要面临聚集性、融合性、即时性困境。数智赋能通过制定全流程应急数据吸纳机制、建立联动的应急情报共同体、运用多元化应急情报技术推进应急情报体系敏捷化。敏捷化应急情报体系具有灵敏和迅捷、联通和共识、双向反馈的三大核心理念,并基于三大交互系统实现即时风险感知、快速信息生成和科学情报提供的运行机制,从而提升应急管理效能。

关键词：应急管理数智赋能应急情报体系敏捷治理

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