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COVID-19: Antiviral Agents, Antibody Development and Traditional Chinese Medicine

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Virologica Sinica 2020年第6期35卷 685-698页

作者： Wenyi Guan Wendong Lan Jing Zhang Shan Zhao Junxian Ou Xiaowei Wu yuqian yan Jianguo Wu Qiwei Zhang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology Institute of Medical MicrobiologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632GuangdongChina

The World Health Organization(WHO) has declared coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is the first pandemic caused by coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2). Currently, there is no effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug approved worldwide for treatment of patients with COVID-19. Therapeutic options in response to the COVID-19 outbreak are urgently needed. To facilitate the better and faster development of therapeutic COVID-19 drugs, we present an overview of the global promising therapeutic drugs, including repurposing existing antiviral agents,network-based pharmacology research, antibody development and traditional Chinese medicine. Among all these drugs,we focus on the most promising drugs(such as favipiravir, tocilizumab, SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasma, hydroxychloroquine, Lianhua Qingwen, interferon beta-1 a, remdesivir, etc.) that have or will enter the final stage of human testing—phase Ⅲ–Ⅳ clinical trials.

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Updates Drug repositioning Network-based pharmacology Antibody Traditional Chinese medicine

Evaluation of outcomes reported in randomized controlled trials for herbal remedies for adults with chronic hepatitis C

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2019年第2期6卷 115-121页

作者： yuqian yan Ning Liang Shibing Liang Yuxin Sun Nicola Robinson Jianping Liu Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine Taiyuan 030619China School of Health and Social Care London South Bank UniversityLondon SE10AAUnited Kingdom

Background:Herbal remedies have been widely utilized in treating chronic hepatitis C (CHC) *** appropriate outcomes to reflect both beneficial and harmful effects is a crucial step in designing randomized controlled trials (RCTs).This study evaluated the outcomes reported in RCTs on herbal remedies for CHC with comparison to the core outcomes recommended by the Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group (CHBG),to check the consistency of the outcomes and to provide recommendation for future ***:A systematic literature search was conducted in Western and Chinese databases to identify RCTs on herbal remedies for adults with *** each trial,all the outcomes reported in the results section were *** between trial outcomes and CHBG core outcomes were evaluated and summarized with descriptive ***:A total of 116 RCTs involving 9154 participants were included;27 outcomes were *** reported outcomes included alanine aminotransferase (64 trials,55.2%),adverse events (58 trials,50.0%),and end-of-treatment virological response (50 trials,43.1%).All trials indicated that the herbal remedies under investigation had a positive effect and was markedly more effective than the *** half of the trials reported that the combination of herbal medicine and antiviral drugs could ameliorate adverse *** few trials reported primary core outcomes relating survival and quality of *** most frequently reported core outcomes are non-serious adverse events (54 trials,46.6%),viral response (27 trials,23.3%),and biochemical response (24 trials,20.7%).Conclusion:The variation and inconsistency in trial outcomes impedes research synthesis efforts,and indicate the need for comparable outcomes through the development of core outcome sets in *** low concordance of outcome reporting could be improved by following CHBG core outcomes recommendation.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Herbal Core outcome set Randomized controlled trial Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group

Construction and Characterization of a Novel Recombinant Attenuated and Replication-Deficient Candidate Human Adenovirus Type 3 Vaccine:"Adenovirus Vaccine Within an Adenovirus Vector"

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第3期36卷 354-364页

作者： yuqian yan Shuping Jing Liqiang Feng Jing Zhang Zhiwei Zeng Min Li Shan Zhao Junxian Ou Wendong Lan Wenyi Guan Xiaowei Wu Jianguo Wu Donald Seto Qiwei Zhang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Microbiological Laboratory Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhuhai 519000China Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology Institute of Medical MicrobiologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program School of Systems BiologyGeorge Mason UniversityManassasVA 20110USA

Human adenoviruses(HAd Vs)are highly contagious and result in large number of acute respiratory disease(ARD)cases with severe morbidity and *** adenovirus type 3(HAd V-3)is the most common type that causes ARD outbreaks in Asia,Europe,and the ***,there is currently no vaccine approved for its general *** hexon protein contains the main neutralizing epitopes,provoking strong and lasting *** this study,a novel recombinant and attenuated adenovirus vaccine candidate against HAd V-3 was constructed based on a commercially-available replication-defective HAd V-5 gene therapy and vaccine *** entire HAd V-3 hexon gene was integrated into the E1 region of the vector by homologous recombination using a bacterial *** resultant recombinants expressing the HAd V-3 hexon protein were rescued in AD293 cells,identified and characterized by RT-PCR,Western blots,indirect immunofluorescence,and electron *** potential vaccine candidate had a similar replicative efficacy as the wild-type HAd V-3 ***,and importantly,the vaccine strain had been rendered replication-defective and was incapable of replication in A549 cells after more than twentygeneration passages in AD293 *** represents a significant safety *** mice immunized both intranasally and intramuscularly by this vaccine candidate raised significant neutralizing antibodies against HAd ***,this recombinant,attenuated,and safe adenovirus vaccine is a promising HAd V-3 vaccine *** strategy of using a clinically approved and replication-defective HAd V-5 vector provides a novel approach to develop universal adenovirus vaccine candidates against all the other types of adenoviruses causing ARDs and perhaps other adenovirus-associated diseases.

关键词： Adenovirus vaccine Human adenovirus type 3(HAdV-3) Replication-deficient adenovirus vector Immunity in BALB/c mice Recombination

Association of Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Genetic Factors with the Risk of Cirrhosis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第6期12卷 562-570页

作者： Xinyuan Ge Lu Zhang Maojie Liu Xiao Wang Xin Xu yuqian yan Chan Tian Juan yang yang Ding Chengxiao Yu Jing Lu Longfeng Jiang Qiang Wang Qun Zhang Ci Song Department of Epidemiology China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human HealthCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center Division of Liver and Pancreas TransplantationDepartment of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA Department of Health Promotion Center Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated HospitalNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Infectious Disease The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology(CLINTEC)Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Changzhou Medical Center Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Research Units of Cohort Study on Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Background and Aims:Age-related mosaic chromosomal alterations(mCAs)detected from genotyping of blood-de-rived DNA are structural somatic variants that indicate clonal *** study aimed to investigate whether mCAs contribute to the risk of cirrhosis and modify the effect of a polygenic risk score(PRS)on cirrhosis risk ***:mCA call sets of individuals with European ancestry were obtained from the UK *** PRS was constructed based on 12 susceptible single-nucleotide poly-morphisms for *** proportional hazard models were applied to evaluate the associations between mCAs and cirrhosis ***:Among 448,645 individuals with a median follow-up of 12.5 years,we identified 2,681 cas-es of cirrhosis,1,775 cases of compensated cirrhosis,and 1,706 cases of decompensated *** to non-carriers,individuals with copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity mCAs had a significantly increased risk of cirrhosis(hazard ratio(HR)1.42,95%confidence interval(CI)1.12-1.81).This risk was higher in patients with expanded cell fractions of mCAs(cell fractions≥10%*** fractions<10%),especially for the risk of decompensated cirrhosis(HR 2.03[95%CI 1.09-3.78]vs.1.14[0.80-1.64]).In comparison to non-carriers of mCAs with low genetic risk,individuals with expanded copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity and high genetic risk showed the highest cirrhosis risk(HR5.39[95%CI 2.41-12.07]).Conclusions:The presence of mCAs is associated with increased susceptibility to cirrhosis risk and could be combined with PRS for personalized cirrhosis risk stratification.

关键词： UK Biobank Cirrhosis Mosaic chromosomal alterations Polygenic risk score Genetic susceptibility Interaction effect

Association of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with liver injury in American adults

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第6期38卷 628-639页

作者： yuqian yan Lu Zhang Xin Xu Jing Lu Xinyuan Ge Maojie Liu Juan yang Chan Tian Zijun Ge Chengxiao Yu Wen Guo Chunyan Ye Qun Zhang Health Management Center the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Epidemiology China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human HealthCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Office of Infection Management the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Liver Diseases the Third People's Hospital of ChangzhouChangzhouJiangsu 213000China

Epidemiological data are scarce regarding the association of exposure to mixtures of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)with liver injury in the general *** the current study,therefore,we examined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2009–2018).The PFAS exposure levels were defined by the serum concentrations of PFASs with over 70%detection in samples,namely perfluorooctanoic acid,perfluorononanoic acid,perfluorohexane sulfonic acid,perfluorodecanoic acid,and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid(PFOS).We evaluated liver injury from two aspects:first,the degree of liver inflammation was determined based on levels of the serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,glutamyltransferase,and total bilirubin;second,the degree of liver fibrosis was determined based on the fibrosis-4 *** assessed the associations of individual or total PFAS exposure with these liver injury outcomes using multivariable linear and logistic regression models,restricted cubic splines,and weighted quantile sum *** the samples of 7484 American adults,the median concentration of PFOS was the highest,followed by perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorohexane sulfonic *** multivariable linear regression,we observed positive correlations between all PFAS exposure and liver enzyme levels,such as alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,and total ***,the weighted quantile sum model indicated an overall positive association between exposure to the five PFASs and liver injury *** liver function biomarkers and liver fibrosis,perfluorononanoic acid and PFOS were the most heavily weighted chemicals,*** findings provide new epidemiological evidence indicating potential associations between PFAS exposure and adverse effects on liver injury biomarkers,highlighting the potentially harmful effects of PFAS exposure on human liver health.

关键词： PFASs NHANES liver function WQS liver injury

什么是历史学的理论意识?兼论社科方法的可译性

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装饰 2024年第9期 43-47页

作者：严毓倩王超浙江大学传媒与国际文化学院香港中文大学(深圳)人文社科学院

本文从历史学的理论意识出发,围绕20世纪西方史学的理论化路径展开,并反思史学范式的转移在国内的接受与影响。第一节将以年鉴学派从社会学中引入历史比较的方法为起点,对西方历史学不同领域内结构意识的形成进行简要的回顾。第二节将... 详细信息

本文从历史学的理论意识出发,围绕20世纪西方史学的理论化路径展开,并反思史学范式的转移在国内的接受与影响。第一节将以年鉴学派从社会学中引入历史比较的方法为起点,对西方历史学不同领域内结构意识的形成进行简要的回顾。第二节将首先介绍社会史在第二次世界大战后所经历的“文化转向”。其次,本节以20世纪70年代新文化史的兴起为背景,围绕社会理论中诸如“阶级”“话语”“深描”“事件/时间性”等来自于马克思主义、后结构主义、文化人类学和历史社会学的核心概念,探讨历史学如何在追求具有普遍性的结构意识上建立与特殊性的理论联系。结语部分将以1990年与2007年分别在中国台湾与内地出现的《新史学》同名刊物为背景,探讨中国当代史学界对西方史学范式的接受。本文在结尾以社会科学质性研究方法的“可译性”为例反思历史学的机遇与挑战。

关键词：历史学理论意识社科方法《新史学》

多源数据在高原机场一次低空风切变过程分析中的综合应用

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高原气象 2020年第6期39卷 1329-1338页

作者：颜玉倩田维东李金海韩炳宏青海省气象科学研究所/青海省防灾减灾重点实验室青海西宁810001 中国民用航空西北地区空中交通管理局青海分局青海西宁810001 青海省气象台青海西宁810001 青海省海南州气象局青海共和813099

为提高西宁机场风切变预报预警能力,利用ERA-Interim再分析资料、机场自动气象站观测资料、风廓线雷达资料以及激光雷达资料,对2018年4月26日发生在西宁机场由微下击暴流引发的低空风切变过程进行综合分析。结果表明,此次低空风切变过... 详细信息

为提高西宁机场风切变预报预警能力,利用ERA-Interim再分析资料、机场自动气象站观测资料、风廓线雷达资料以及激光雷达资料,对2018年4月26日发生在西宁机场由微下击暴流引发的低空风切变过程进行综合分析。结果表明,此次低空风切变过程发生在西宁机场11号跑道,是在风速突然变化过程中发生的水平风切变。低空风切变发生前西宁机场处于横槽前部,以西北气流为主;西宁机场上空多云且为低高度对流云,地面湿度条件较好(t-td≤4℃);中层(750~650 hPa)有干空气卷入,有利于对流活动的发展。风廓线雷达显示飞机落地时刻有较强的下沉运动并出现了低层降水,低空风切变过程发生前10~20 min 1000 m以上空中存在强乱流;激光雷达监测表明13:25(北京时,下同)在沿降落轨迹线距跑道入口4.05 km,高度475 m处出现气旋性涡旋,是低空风切变出现的前期信号;13:29-13:30形成微下击暴流并出现小高压环流,在跑道入口441 m、高度81 m处出现中辐散,辐散风诱发水平风切变,导致飞机低高度复飞。

关键词：低空风切变风廓线雷达激光雷达微下击暴流

区域绿色空间用途管制理论分析与关键问题识别

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生态经济 2019年第9期35卷 177-181,221页

作者：王鹏陈亚何友均闫钰倩中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所北京100091 北京市园林古建设计研究院有限公司北京100081

我国正在将土地用途管制扩展到所有国土空间。文章提出“区域绿色空间”理论,旨在打破城区园林绿地空间与郊区自然生态空间的区域边界,对同时依存于生态、城镇和农业三类空间的绿色资源实施统一管制。通过分析区域绿色空间用途管制理论... 详细信息

我国正在将土地用途管制扩展到所有国土空间。文章提出“区域绿色空间”理论,旨在打破城区园林绿地空间与郊区自然生态空间的区域边界,对同时依存于生态、城镇和农业三类空间的绿色资源实施统一管制。通过分析区域绿色空间用途管制理论,界定区域绿色空间范围,探究我国区域绿色空间用途管制在占补平衡、征占成本、规划管理以及法规制度等方面存在的主要问题,并提出政策建议,以期进一步完善国土空间用用途管制理论,为构建自然资源空间用途管制制度提供参考借鉴。

关键词：区域绿色空间用途管制理论分析关键问题

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国家公园体制试点区居民支付与受偿意愿研究

中南林业科技大学学报 2019年第11期39卷 141-146页

作者：赵晓迪于超何友均闫钰倩中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所北京100091 北京林业大学经济管理学院北京100083

社区居民的接受意愿及程度是国家公园建设成功与否的重要因素,本研究以基于条件价值评估法(CVM)的399份有效问卷为基础,采用logit模型和线性回归模型,研究了钱江源国家公园体制试点区居民支付与受偿意愿及其影响因素,为同类型国家公园... 详细信息

社区居民的接受意愿及程度是国家公园建设成功与否的重要因素,本研究以基于条件价值评估法(CVM)的399份有效问卷为基础,采用logit模型和线性回归模型,研究了钱江源国家公园体制试点区居民支付与受偿意愿及其影响因素,为同类型国家公园生态效益补偿标准的明确和政策的施行提供重要参考。结果表明:钱江源国家公园体制试点区居民作为受益者和受偿者,对国家公园治理的支付意愿至少为每人每年95元,受偿意愿至少为每人每年2018元。同时对支付意愿和受偿意愿影响因素进行了分析,结果表明:受教育程度、家庭年收入、对公园了解程度以及政策宣传力度等正向影响支付意愿,反向影响受偿意愿;年龄则是反向影响支付意愿和受偿意愿。因此要加强当地居民生态环境教育和政策宣传力度,改革生态补偿机制,试行多元化生态补偿模式,逐步完善国家公园相关法规及标准体系。

关键词：支付意愿受偿意愿生态补偿国家公园