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致密砂岩气藏与页岩气藏展布模式

石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 667-678页

作者：戴金星董大忠倪云燕龚德瑜黄士鹏洪峰张延玲刘全有吴小奇冯子齐中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 中国石油大学(北京) 北京102249 北京大学北京100871 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所江苏无锡214126 中国石油大学(华东) 山东青岛266580

在阐述美国和中国致密砂岩气和页岩气资源潜力和年产量的基础上,系统梳理致密砂岩气藏与页岩气藏展布的研究沿革,分析页岩气藏、致密砂岩气藏展布特征及致密砂岩气成因类型。研究表明:(1)美国致密砂岩气在天然气总产量中占比由2008年的... 详细信息

在阐述美国和中国致密砂岩气和页岩气资源潜力和年产量的基础上,系统梳理致密砂岩气藏与页岩气藏展布的研究沿革,分析页岩气藏、致密砂岩气藏展布特征及致密砂岩气成因类型。研究表明:(1)美国致密砂岩气在天然气总产量中占比由2008年的35%降至2023年的8%左右;美国页岩气2023年产量为8310×10^(8)m^(3),在天然气总产量中占比由2000—2008年的5%~17%升至2023年的70%以上。(2)中国致密砂岩气占天然气总产量比例由2010年的16%升至2023年的28%以上;2012年中国开始生产页岩气,2023年产量达250×10^(8)m^(3),约占天然气全国总产量的11%。(3)页岩气藏展布模式为连续型,根据页岩气藏是否有断层切割及断距与气层厚度的关系,连续型页岩气藏可分为连续式和断续式两种。(4)与以往大部分学者认为致密砂岩气藏展布模式为连续型的认识不同,致密砂岩气藏展布模式不是连续型;根据圈闭类型,致密砂岩气藏可分为岩性型、背斜型和向斜型3种。(5)中国3大克拉通盆地和埃及Obavied次盆的致密砂岩气为煤成气,美国阿巴拉契亚盆地和阿曼迦巴盐盆地的致密砂岩气为油型气。

关键词：页岩气致密砂岩气气藏特征连续型成藏岩性型成藏背斜型成藏向斜型成藏煤成气油型气

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四川盆地及周缘震旦系陡山沱组烃源岩生烃潜力

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天然气勘探与开发 2024年第2期47卷 1-10页

作者：苑保国戴鑫陈建平朱华倪云燕中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院四川成都610041 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083

震旦系陡山沱组作为四川盆地一套重要的烃源岩,目前研究程度还较低。虽然已知对震旦系灯影组成藏具有一定的贡献,但暂未针对性地开展生烃潜力评价研究。为此,结合多位学者的研究成果,在系统分析四川盆地及周缘地区陡山沱组烃源岩发育特... 详细信息

震旦系陡山沱组作为四川盆地一套重要的烃源岩,目前研究程度还较低。虽然已知对震旦系灯影组成藏具有一定的贡献,但暂未针对性地开展生烃潜力评价研究。为此,结合多位学者的研究成果,在系统分析四川盆地及周缘地区陡山沱组烃源岩发育特征及分布的基础上,开展了陡山沱组烃源岩干酪根历史时期生油量、排油量、生气量等评价计算,并初步分析了四川盆地范围内陡山沱组烃源岩来源的天然气资源量。研究结果表明:①四川盆地内陡山沱组烃源岩总体不发育,但存在盆地西北缘、东北缘和南缘等3个烃源岩发育区;②计算四川盆地及周缘地区陡山沱组烃源岩干酪根历史时期的生油量、排油量、生气量分别为5021×10^(8)t、4519×10^(8)t、161×10^(12)m^(3),盆地外围的干酪根生油气量是盆地内的3倍;其中盆内以川西地区生油气量最大,盆缘以东南部地区生油气量最大;③四川盆地范围内上震旦统陡山沱组烃源岩来源的天然气资源量1.09×10^(12)m^(3),以原油裂解气为主,其中川西地区天然气资源量最大,其次为川东和川南地区。

关键词：四川盆地震旦纪陡山沱组烃源岩生烃潜力天然气资源量

Pyrolysis of coal measure source rocks at highly to over mature stage and its geological implications

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第4期47卷 773-780页

作者： GAO Jinliang ni yunyan LI Wei YUAN Yilin Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China

The influence of water on gas generation from humic type organic matter at highly to over mature stage was investigated with thermal simulation experiments at high temperature and *** result of the experiments indicates that the effect of water on gas generation was controlled by the thermal maturity of organic *** could enhance gas generation and increase hydrocarbon gas yields significantly at over mature stage of humic type organic *** isotopic compositions of coal-derived gases generated at highly to over mature stage were mainly controlled by thermal maturity of source rocks,but also affected by formation *** and over mature coal measure source rocks are widely distributed in *** hydrocarbon gas generation capacity of coal measure source rocks and resource potential of coal-derived gases in deep formations would be significantly enhanced assuming that formation water could be involved in the thermal cracking of highly to over mature organic matter in real geological settings.

关键词： coal measure source rocks high-over maturation coal-derived gas thermal simulation experiment

Geochemical characteristics of abiogenic alkane gases

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Petroleum Science 2009年第4期6卷 327-338页

作者： yunyan ni Jinxing Dai PetroChina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Recently abiogenic alkanes have been found in various locations in the world and other celestial bodies. The chemical composition of abiogenic alkane gases varies widely. The content of methane is low and nearly no C2+ is found in the abiogenic alkane gases from fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks or hot springs in China. In the unsedimented submarine hydrothermal vent system C1/C2+ ratios are much greater than those for the thermogenic gases, mostly >800 and in some cases up to 8,000. In the Songliao Basin, China, C1/C2+ of some abiogenic gases are often less than 150. Abiogenic alkane gases which have been found in nature often have carbon isotopic reversal among C1–C4 alkanes (δ13C1>δ13C2>δ13C3>δ13C4), whereas both regular and reversed hydrogen isotope distribution pattern among C1–C4 alkanes have been reported. The δ13C of abiogenic methane is mainly greater than ?30‰ though laboratory synthesized methane can have δ13C as low as ?57‰, and its δD1 values vary widely and overlap with biogenic gases. High 3He/4He ratios often indicate the addition of mantle-derived helium and are related to abiogenic gases. However, some biogenic gases can also have high 3He/4He ratios up to 8. The CH4/3He end-member is often lower than 106 for abiogenic alkane gases while greater than 1013 for biogenic gases, and the values between these two end-members often reflect the mixing of biogenic and abiogenic gases.

关键词： Abiogenic origin alkane gas carbon isotopic reversal trend geochemical characteristics

Major progress in the natural gas exploration and development in the past seven decades in China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第6期46卷 1100-1110页

作者： DAI Jinxing QIN Shengfei HU Guoyi ni yunyan GAN Lideng HUANG Shipeng HONG Feng PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

China has made significant progress in the exploration and development of natural gas in the past 70 years,from the gas-poor country to the world’s sixth largest gas production *** 1949,the annual gas output in China was 1117×104 m3,the proved gas reserves were 3.85×108 m3,and the average annual gas consumption and available reserves of per person were 0.0206 m3 and 0.7107 m3,*** 2018,the average domestic annual gas production per person was 114.8576 m3 and the reserves were 12011.08 m3,and the average domestic annual gas production and reserves per person in the past 70 years increased by 5575 times and 16900 times,*** exploration and development of large gas fields is the main way to rapidly develop the natural gas industry.72 large gas fields have been discovered in China so far,mainly distributed in three basins,Sichuan(25),Ordos(13)and Tarim(10).In 2018,the total gas production of the large gas fields in these three basins was 1039.26×108 m3,accounting for 65%of the total gas production in *** the end of 2018,the cumulative proved gas reserves of the 72 large gas fields had amounted to 124504×108 m3,accounting for 75%of the total national gas reserves(16.7×1012 m3).New theories of natural gas have promoted the development of China’s natural gas industry *** 1979,the new theory of coal-derived gas has boosted the discovery of gas fields mainly from coal-measure source rocks in *** 2018,the gas production of large coal-derived gas fields in China accounted for 50.93%and 75.47%of the total national gas production and total gas production of large gas fields,*** by shale gas theories,shale gas fields such as Fuling,Changning,Weiyuan and Weirong have been *** 2018,the total proved geological reserves of shale gas were 10455.67×108 m3,and the annual gas production was 108.8×108 m3,demonstrating a good prospect of shale gas in China.

关键词： China natural gas coal-derived gas shale gas gas production gas reserves exploration and development progress

Stable carbon and hydrogen isotopes of gases from the large tight gas fields in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第4期57卷 88-103页

作者： DAI JinXing ni yunyan HU GuoYi HUANG ShiPeng LIAO FengRong YU Cong GONG DeYu WU Wei Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina

By the end of the year 2010,a total of 15 large tight gas fields have been found in China,located in the Ordos,Sichuan,and Tarim *** annual production and total reserves of these fields in 2010 were 222.5×108and 28657×108m3,respectively,accounting for 23.5%and 37.3%,respectively,of the total annual production and reserves of natural gases in *** took a major part of all natural gas production and reserves in *** to the analyses of 81 gas samples,the stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of tight gases in China have following characteristics:(1)Plots of 13C1-13C2-13C3,13C1-C1/C2+3and 13C1-13C2demonstrate the coal-derived origin of tight gases in China;(2)For the primary alkane gases,both carbon and hydrogen isotopic values increase with increasing molecular mass,i.e.,13C1<13C2<13C3<13C4and2H1<2H2<2H3;(3)The isotopic differences of 13C2-13C1,13C3-13C1,2H2-2H1and 2H3-2H1decrease with increasing Ro(%)and C1/C1–4;(4)There are seven causes for the carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversal,however,the carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversal of tight gases in China is caused mainly by multiple stages of gas charge and accumulation.

关键词：氢同位素气体样品中国定碳气场天然气储量塔里木盆地天然气产量

Characteristics and geological significance of the eclogites from the Tongbai Mountains, Henan Province

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第22期44卷 2076-2080页

作者： Chunjing Wei Yuxin Wu yunyan ni Bin Chen Shiguang Wang Peking Univ Dept Geol Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Some eclogites and the related high-P metamorphic belt have been found for the first time from the Tongbai Mountains, Henan Province, where the eclogites and their probable retrogressive products —— garnet amphibolites —— occur as lenses in mica-schists. The fresheclogites comprise garnet, omphacite, quartz, rutile, phengite, barroisite, etc. The composi-

关键词： eclogite high-P metamorphic belt Tongbal Mountains.

New equation to decipher the relationship between carbon isotopic composition of methane and maturity of gas source rocks

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第3期64卷 470-493页

作者： Jianping CHEN Xulong WANG Jianfa CHEN yunyan ni Baoli XIANG Fengrong LIAO Wenjun HE Limiao YAO Erting LI PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing100083China PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company Karamay834000China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China

The identification of the origin and source of natural gas is always a difficult and hot ***,the maturity identification is one of the most important scientific *** empirical equations have been established to decipher the relationship between the maturity of gas source rocks and the carbon isotopic composition of natural ***,these equations proposed often fail to identify the maturity of the source rocks correctly,which in turn prevents the identification of genetic types and source rocks of the natural gas because the petroliferous sedimentary basins in China are complex and diverse,with multiple sets of source rocks and different thermal *** this paper,the oil-associated gas from the Permian lacustrine source rocks and the coal-derived gas from the Jurassic source rocks in Junggar and Turpan-Hami basins have been investigated to decipher the relationship between the maturity(vitrinite reflectance)of gas source rocks and the carbon isotopic composition of *** equations established areδ^(13)C_(1)=25lgR_(o)-42.5 for oil-associated gas,andδ^(13)C_(1)=25lgR_(o)-37.5 for coal-derived *** new equations are suitable for the maturity identification of source rocks in most petroliferous basins,and favorable for the identification of the genetic type and source of natural gas,which is very important to improve the geological theory of natural gas.

关键词： Natural gas Coal-derived gas Oil-associated gas Maturity Carbon isotope of methane Vitrinite reflectance Junggar Basin Turpan Depression

Geochemical characteristics and origin of light hydrocarbons in biogenic gas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第6期53卷 832-843页

作者： HU GuoYi LUO Xia LI ZhiSheng ZHANG Ying YANG Chun LI Jin ni yunyan TAO XiaoWan Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China China Petroleum University Beijing 102249China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development(Langfang) PetroChinaLangfang 065007China

The light hydrocarbon geochemical characteristics of biogenic gases from Sebei 1 gas field in the Qaidam Basin, Baoshan gas field in the Baoshan Basin and Alaxin gas field, Puqian gas pool, Aonan gas pool in the Songliao Basin are studied and the origin is discussed based on the composition and isotope data of gases. The isoalkane contents among light hydrocarbons in natural gas show a negative relationship with δ13C1 values. The isoalkane contents of the gases with δ13C1 values of less than ?60‰ are also high with more than 40% among light hydrocarbons in Sebei 1 gas field and Puqian gas pool. Moreover, the 2,2-dimethylbutane and 2-methylpentane, mainly sourced from bacteria, have predominance among isoalkanes, which suggests that light hydrocarbons in biogenic gases from these gas fields or pools were probably generated by microbial action. However, the cycloalkane contents among light hydrocarbons in biogenic gas are related to δ13C1 values positively. In Alaxin gas field and Aonan gas pool, where δ13C1 values of biogenic gases are less than ?60‰, the average contents of cycloalkane are higher than 44%. Light hydrocarbons among biogenic gases from these gas fields were probably generated by catalysis. The isoalkane and cycloalkane contents among light hydrocarbons from biogenic gases in the Baoshan gas field are both high, which might be generated by these two actions. The results show that the data of light hydrocarbons in biogenic gas can provide important information for understanding the generation mechanisms of light hydrocarbons during geological evolution and identifying biogenic gas and low mature gas.

关键词： biogenic gas light hydrocarbon isoalkane cycloalkane microbial action catalysis