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Phosphorus limitation on cO_(2)fertilization effect in tropical forests informed by a coupled biogeochemical model

Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 502-515页

作者： Zhuonan Wang Hanqin Tian Shufen Pan Hao Shi Jia Yang Naishen liang Latif Kalin christopher Anderson Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and SocietyBoston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Department of Engineering Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Research center for Eco-Environmental Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA center for Global Environmental Research(cGER) National Institute for Environmental Studies(NIES)TsukubaIbaraki305-8506Japan college of Forestry Wildlife and EnvironmentAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA

Tropical forests store more than half of the world's terrestrial carbon(c)pool and account for one-third of global net primary productivity(NPP).Many terrestrial biosphere models(TBMs)estimate increased productivity in tropical forests throughout the 21st century due to cO_(2)***,phosphorus(P)liaitations on vegetation photosynthesis and productivity could significantly reduce the cO_(2)fertilization ***,we used a carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus coupled model(Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model;DLEM-cNP)with heterogeneous maximum carboxylation rates to examine how P limitation has affected c fluxes in tropical forests *** model results showed that the inclusion of the P processes enhanced model performance in simulating ecosystem *** further compared the simulations from DLEM-cNP,DLEM-cN,and DLEMc and the results showed that the inclusion of P processes reduced the cO_(2)fertilization effect on gross primary production(GPP)by 25%and 45%,and net ecosystem production(NEP)by 28%and 41%,respectively,relative to cN-only and c-on ly *** the 1860s to the 2010s,the DLEM-cNP estimated that in tropical forests GPP increased by 17%,plant respiration(Ra)increased by 18%,ecosystem respiration(Rh)increased by 13%,NEP increased by 121%per unit area,***,factorial experiments with DLEM-cNP showed that the enhanced NPP benefiting from the cO_(2) fertilization effect had been offset by 135%due to deforestation from the 1860s to the *** study highlights the importance of P limitation on the c cycle and the weakened cO_(2)fertilization effect resulting from P limitation in tropical forests.

关键词： Tropical forests carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus model Phosphorus limitation cO_(2)fertilization effect Terrestfial ecosy stem model

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Taurine attenuates activation of hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting autophagy and inducing ferroptosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2143-2154页

作者： Sen Li Qian-Jun Ren can-Hao Xie Yang cui Li-Tao Xu Yi-Dan Wang Su Li Xing-Qiu liang Bin Wen Ming-Kun liang Xiao-Fang Zhao Department of Basic Science Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 541100Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Department of Science and Technology Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 541100Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Traditional chinese Medicine Specialty Office Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 541100Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BAcKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a compensatory response during the tissue repair process in chronic liver injury,and finally leads to liver cirrhosis or even hepatocellular *** pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis is associated with the progressive accumulation of activated hepatic stellate cells(HScs),which can transdiffer-entiate into myofibroblasts to produce an excess of the extracellular matrix(EcM).Myofibroblasts are the main source of the excessive EcM responsible for hepatic ***,activated hepatic stellate cells(aHScs),the principal EcM producing cells in the injured liver,are a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic *** To explore the effect of taurine on aHSc proliferation and the mechanisms *** Human HScs(LX-2)were randomly divided into five groups:Normal control group,platelet-derived growth factor-BB(PDGF-BB)(20 ng/mL)treated group,mmol/L,respectively)with PDGF-BB(20 ng/mL)treated *** counting Kit-8 method was performed to evaluate the effect of taurine on the viability of ***-linked immunosorbent assay was used to estimate the effect of taurine on the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde,glutathione,and iron *** electron microscopy was applied to observe the effect of taurine on the autophagosomes and ferroptosis features in *** real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the effect of taurine on the expression ofα-SMA,collagen I,Fibronectin 1,Lc3B,ATG5,Beclin 1,PTGS2,SLc7A11,and *** Taurine promoted the death of aHScs and reduced the deposition of the *** with taurine could alleviate autophagy in HScs to inhibit their activation,by decreasing autophagosome formation,downregulating Lc3B and Beclin 1 protein expression,and upregulating p62 protein ***,treatment with taurine triggered ferroptosis and ferritinophagy to eliminate aHScs characterized b

关键词： Hepatic stellate cells Autophagy Ferroptosis Molecular docking Taurine

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Melatonin and dopamine alleviate waterlogging stress in apples by recruiting beneficial endophytes to enhance physiological resilience

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2270-2291页

作者： Yang cao Peihua Du Yuwei Shang Jiahao Ji Leiqing Tan Xue Zhang Jizhong Xu Bowen liang college of Horticulture Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China

Melatonin and dopamine can potentially prevent waterlogging stress in *** current study investigated the mechanism by which melatonin and dopamine alleviate apple waterlogging *** study demonstrated that melatonin and dopamine alleviated waterlogging by removing reactive oxygen species(ROS),and that the nitric oxide(NO)content and nitrate reductase(NR)activity were significantly *** and dopamine were also found to recruit different candidate beneficial endophytes(melatonin:Novosphingobium,Propionivibrio,and cellvibrio;dopamine:Hydrogenophaga,Simplicispira,Methyloversatilis,candidatus_Kaiserbacteria,and Humicola),and these endophytes were significantly and positively correlated with plant *** analyses showed that melatonin and dopamine significantly affected the endophytic bacterial and fungal communities under waterlogging *** metabolomic results showed that melatonin and dopamine led to waterlogging resistance by upregulating the abundance of beneficial substances such as amino acids,flavonoids,coumarins,and organic *** addition,melatonin and dopamine regulated the physicochemical properties of the soil,which altered the endophyte community and affected plant *** co-occurrence network demonstrated close and complex relationships among endophytes,metabolites,soil,and the *** results demonstrate that melatonin and dopamine alleviate waterlogging stress in apples by recruiting beneficial endophytes to enhance physiological *** study provides new insights into how melatonin and dopamine alleviate stress and a theoretical basis for synergistic beneficial microbial resistance to waterlogging stress.

关键词： dopamine endophytes Malus hupehensis melatonin metabolomics waterlogging

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Sugarcane transcription factor ScWRKY4 negatively regulates resistance to pathogen infection through the JA signaling pathway

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The crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 164-176页

作者： Dongjiao Wang Wei Wang Shoujian Zang Liqian Qin Yanlan liang Peixia Lin Yachun Su Youxiong Que Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of GeneticsBreeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsMinistry of EducationCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina National Key Laboratory for Tropical crop Breeding Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024HainanChina

WRKY transcription factors,transcriptional regulators unique to plants,play an important role in defense response to pathogen ***,the resistance mechanisms of WRKY genes in sugarcane remain *** the present study,gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis revealed that WRKY gene family in sugarcane was extensively involved in the response to biotic stress and in defense *** identified gene ScWRKY4,a classⅡc member of the WRKY gene family,in sugarcane cultivar *** gene was induced by salicylic acid(SA)and methyl jasmonate(MeJA)***,expression of ScWRKY4 was down-regulated in smut-resistant sugarcane cultivars but up-regulated in smutsusceptible sugarcane cultivars infected with Sporisorium ***,stable overexpression of the ScWRKY4 gene in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced susceptibility to Fusarium solani *** and caused down-regulated expression of immune marker-related *** analysis indicated suppressed expression of most JAZ genes in the signal transduction ***4 interacted with ScJAZ13 to repress its *** thus hypothesized that the ScWRKY4 gene was involved in the regulatory network of plant disease resistance,most likely through the JA signaling *** present study depicting the molecular involvement of ScWRKY4 in sugarcane disease resistance lays a foundation for future investigation.

关键词： Disease resistance Expression profile Transcriptome analysis WRKY transcription factors

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Quasi-two dimensional Ruddlesden−Popper halide perovskites for laser applications

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 53-71页

作者： Kun chen Qianpeng Zhang Yin liang Jiepeng Song chun Li Shi chen Fang Li Qing Zhang School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering Macao UniversityMacao 999078China

Quasi-two-dimensional(2D)Ruddlesden‒Popper(RP)halide perovskites,as a kind of emerged two-dimensional layered materials,have recently achieved great attentions in lasing materials field owing to their large exciton binding energy,high emission yield,large optical gain,and wide-range tuning of optical *** review will introduce research progresses of RP halide perovskites for lasing applications in aspects of materials,photophysics,and devices with emphasis on emission and lasing properties tailored by the molecular composition and *** materials,structures and fabrications are introduced in the first ***,the optical transitions and amplified spontaneous emission properties are discussed from the aspects of electronic structure,exciton,gain dynamics,and interface ***,the research progresses on lasing devices are summarized and several types of lasers including VcSEL,DFB lasers,microlasers,random lasers,plasmonic lasers,and polariton lasers are *** last,the challenges and perspectives would be provided.

关键词： two-dimensional materials metal halide perovskite Ruddlesden−Popper halide perovskites lasing emission

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Facile preparation of a Sic@SiO_(2)nanowire-toughened ZrB_(2)-Sic/Sic bilayer coating with good interfacial bonding,high toughness,and excellent cyclic ablation resistance on c/cA composites

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Journal of Advanced ceramics 2024年第4期13卷 486-495页

作者： Meng Yan chenglong Hu Jian Li Shengyang Pang Bohui Sun Rida Zhao Bin liang Rui Luo Sufang Tang Shi-changxu Innovation center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China

Preparing antioxidant coatings to address the inherent oxidation sensitivity of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel(c/cA)composites is a feasible way to promote their application in oxidizing environments as thermal insulation ***,preparing the coatings with excellent oxidation and ablation resistance while avoiding evident damage to the c/cA substrate still remains a ***,a Sic@SiO_(2)nanowire-toughened ZrB2–Sic/Sic bilayer coating with a large thickness of 500μm was prepared on c/cA using a one-step low-temperature reaction sintering method,which simultaneously formed a sintered outer layer with even-distributed nanowires and a siliconized gradient inner *** courtesy of the synergic thermal response of the layers and the crack deflection induced by the nanowires,the resulting coating has moderate residual compressive stress of 0.08–1.22 GPa in the interface,high interfacial bonding strength of 6.02 MPa,and good fracture toughness of 4.36 MPa·m^(1/2).Benefited from the optimum components and improved structure,the coating shows excellent cyclic ablation resistance with linear ablation rates of 0.1μm/s at 1650℃for 1500 s(300 s×5 cycles)and 0.4μm/s at 1850℃for 900 s(300 s×3 cycles).The one-step preparation strategy contributes to little damage to the substrate,thus showing the well-preserved mechanical and thermal insulation properties.

关键词： coating carbon fiber reinforced carbon aerogel(c/cA)composites toughness interface residual stress

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Luminescence regulation of Sb^(3+)in 0D hybrid metal halides by hydrogen bond network for optical anti-counterfeiting

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第3期7卷 15-25页

作者： Dehai liang Saif M.H.Qaid Xin Yang Shuangyi Zhao Binbin Luo Wensi cai Qingkai Qian Zhigang Zang Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology&Systems(Ministry of Education) Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Physics&Astronomy College of SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of chemistry and chemical Engineering Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong ProvinceShantou UniversityShantou 515063China Department of Oil Army Logistics Academy of PLAChongqing 401311China

The Sb^(3+) doping strategy has been proven to be an effective way to regulate the band gap and improve the photophysical properties of organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides(OIHMHs).However,the emission of Sb^(3+) ions in OIHMHs is primarily confined to the low energy region,resulting in yellow or red *** date,there are few reports about green emission of Sb^(3+)-doped ***,we present a novel approach for regulating the luminescence of Sb^(3+) ions in 0D c_(10)H_(2)_(2)N_(6)Incl_(7)·H_(2)O via hydrogen bond network,in which water molecules act as agents for hydrogen ***^(3+)-doped c_(10)H_(2)2N_(6)Incl_(7)·H_(2)O shows a broadband green emission peaking at 540 nm and a high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of 80%.It is found that the intense green emission stems from the radiative recombination of the self-trapped excitons(STEs).Upon removal of water molecules with heat,c_(10)H_(2)_(2)N_(6)In_(1-x)Sb_(x)cl_(7) generates yellow emis-sion,attributed to the breaking of the hydrogen bond network and large structural distortions of excited *** water molecules are adsorbed by c_(10)H_(2)_(2)N_(6)In_(1-x)Sb_(x)cl_(7),it can subsequently emit green *** water-induced reversible emission switching is successfully used for optical security and information *** findings expand the under-standing of how the local coordination structure influences the photophysical mechanism in Sb^(3+)-doped metal halides and provide a novel method to control the STEs emission.

关键词： indium-based halides Sb^(3+)doping hydrogen bonding network optical anti-counterfeiting

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Free-electron crystals for enhanced X-ray radiation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1299-1309页

作者： Lee Wei Wesley Wong Xihang Shi Aviv Karnieli Jeremy Lim Suraj Kumar Sergio carbajo Ido Kaminer liang Jie Wong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. Solid State Institute and Faculty of Electrical and computer Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel. School of Electrical Engineering Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA. Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore. Electrical and computer Engineering Department UCLA420 WestwoodLos AngelesCA 90095USA. Physics and Astronomy Department UCLA475 Portola PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA. SLAc National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCA 94025USA

Bremsstrahlung—the spontaneous emission of broadband radiation from free electrons that are deflected by atomic nuclei—contributes to the majority of X-rays emitted from X-ray tubes and used in applications ranging from medical imaging to semiconductor chip ***,we show that the bremsstrahlung intensity can be enhanced significantly—by more than three orders of magnitude—through shaping the electron wavefunction to periodically overlap with atoms in crystalline ***,we show how to shape the bremsstrahlung X-ray emission pattern into arbitrary angular emission profiles for purposes such as unidirectionality and ***,we find that these enhancements and shaped emission profiles cannot be attributed solely to the spatial overlap between the electron probability distribution and the atomic centers,as predicted by the paraxial and nonrecoil theory for free electron light *** work highlights an unprecedented regime of free electron light emission where electron waveshaping provides multi-dimensional control over practical radiation processes like *** results pave the way towards greater versatility in table-top X-ray sources and improved fundamental understanding of quantum electron-light interactions.

关键词： overlap attributed arbitrary

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Development of lithium-free P2-type high-sodium content cathode materials with enhanced cycle and air stability for sodium-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 113-123页

作者： Jin-Lv Tian Lin-Rong Wu Hai-Jun Zhao Shou-Dong Xu liang chen Ding Zhang Xiao-chuan Duan college of chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China college of chemistry Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China

The effect of partial substitution of Mg for Ni on a high-sodium and lithium-free layered P2-type Na_(45/54)Mg_(6)/_(54)Ni_(12/54)Mn_(34/54)O_(2) cathode with high initial coulombic efficiency and excellent cyclic stability has been investigated in this *** on the crystal structural analysis,the Mg doping can retain the P2 structure up to 4.3 V,thus restraining the detrimental phase transformation of P2-02during the Na-ion intercalation/deintercalation ***,the obtained Mg-doped P2-type cathode exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 109 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1c between 2.0 and 4.3 V and a retention rate of 81.5% after 200cycles at *** addition,the full cell consisting of Mg-doped P2-type cathode and hard carbon anode shows a capacity retention rate of 85.6% after 100 *** study provides new insight into the development of durable cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries cathode material High sodium content Air stability

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Enhancing zinc-air battery performance by constructing threedimensional N-doped carbon coating multiple valence co and MnO heterostructures

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5104-5113页

作者： Qi Liu Panzhe Qiao Miaomiao Tong Ying Xie Xinxin Zhang Kuo Lin Zhijian liang Lei Wang Honggang Fu Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of china Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material chemistry Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of china Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China

Developing highly-efficient bifunctional oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysts is crucial for the widespread application of rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs).Herein,an efficiency electrodeposition and pyrolytic strategy to synthesize the three-dimensional(3D)N-doped carbon coating multiple valence co and MnO heterostructures supported on carbon cloth substrate(co-MnO@Nc/cc).It contains co-co,co-N,and co-O bonds,which synergistically enhance the oxygen reaction activity with *** exhibits a working potential of 1.473 V at 10 mA·cm^(−2)for OER and onset potential of 0.97 V for *** calculations demonstrate that the synergy between cobalt and manganese species could optimize the d-band center and reduce the energy barrier of co-MnO@Nc/cc for both OER and ORR ***,the MnO acts as the main OER active site could significantly optimize the energy barrier of O*→OOH*,thus further promoting the OER *** can be directly used as the air-cathode for both liquid-state and solid-state ZABs,which could afford a small voltage gap of 0.75 V at 10 mA·cm^(−2),a high power density of 172.5 mW·cm^(−2)and a long-term durability for 400 h,surpassing those of the Pt/c+RuO_(2)-based ***,the assembled batteries show potential applications in portable devices.

关键词： heterostructure synergy valence cobalt manganese oxide Zn-air battery

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