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Physical mechanism of the rapid increase in intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves in the Northern Hemisphere since 1980

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2103-2121页

作者： Yuqing wang Wen ZHOU Chunzai wang Key Laboratory of Polar Atmosphere-ocean-ice System for Weather and Climate of the MOE Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the MNR Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 201209China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Global Ocean and Climate Research Center South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China

Since 1980,both the intensity and duration of summer heatwaves in the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere have significantly increased,leading this region to become a critical area for a significant increase in the frequency of intense and long-lived extreme *** found that stronger and more persistent high-pressure systems and lower soil moisture before the events were the main drivers of intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves in western Europe and the middle and high latitudes of North ***,in eastern Europe and Siberia,lower cloud cover before events is also a main driver of this type of extreme heatwave,in addition to the above *** factors are coupled with each other and can change heatwave intensity and duration by influencing surface radiation processes during *** the self-organizing map classification method,we found that 6 weather patterns with increased frequency,intensity,and duration were the main dynamic reasons leading to the increase in intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves after *** addition,the decrease in summer average soil moisture in most areas of the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and the decrease in average cloud cover in eastern Europe and Siberia are found to be the main thermodynamic reasons leading to the increase in these extreme heatwaves.

关键词： High intensity Long duration Extreme heatwaves High pressure system Soil moisture Cloud cover

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Effect of Operation Parameters on the Thermal Characteristics in a Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1974-1989页

作者： wang Mingyuan wang Ke wang Yongqing CHEN Jiangshuai AN Bo TU Shantung School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Key Laboratory of Process Heat Transfer and Energy Saving of Henan Province Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety(MOE) East China University of Science&TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Effective operation strategies in the solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)can adjust the spatial distribution of temperature gradient favoring the long-term *** investigate the effects of different operating conditions on the thermal behavior inside SOFC,a three-dimensional model is developed in this *** model is verified by comparing it with the experimental *** heat generation rate and its variation under different operating conditions are *** combined effects of operating voltage and gas temperature are considered to be the key factor influencing the temperature *** to the original case,the temperature of SOFC decreases by 21.4 K when the fuel velocity reaches 5 m/*** the maximum temperature gradient increases by21.2%.Meanwhile,higher fuel velocities can eliminate about 32%of the area with higher temperature *** when the oxidant velocity reaches 7.5 m/s,the peak temperature gradient effectively decreases by 16.59%.Simultaneous adjustment of the oxidant and fuel velocities can effectively reduce the peak temperature gradient and increase the safety *** effects of operation conditions on the temperature gradient of the cell are clarified in this study,which can be a reference for further research on the reliability of SOFCs.

关键词： SOFC heat generation temperature gradient distribution heat source thermal behavior

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Pushing the boundaries: an interview with Dae-Hyun Kim on terahertz devices

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 42-45页

作者： Defu wang the Center for Carbon-based Electronics School of Electronics Peking University

Ⅲ–Ⅴ compound semiconductors, such as InGaAs/InAlAs, exhibit exceptional carrier transport properties, establishing them as fundamental elements in terahertz(THz) applications crucial for the development of 6G netwo...

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Evolution of artificial ion channels

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 72-73页

作者： Yugang wang School of Physics Peking University

Protein ion channels on a cell membrane generate action potentials for cellular signal transduction, and regulate biological activities during life. Since the discovery of the asymmetric ion transport phenomenon in quartz nanopipettes by Bard and colleagues [1], synthetic nanofluidic materials and devices have attracted a lot of research interests from the scientific community,

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山区公路深埋隧道勘察中工程物探的运用

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山地学报 2004年第3期22卷 347-351页

作者：陈璋刘章捷王云安湖北省交通规划设计院湖北省交通规划设计院湖北武汉　430051

以沪蓉国道主干线湖北宜昌至恩施公路隧道初勘过程中工程物探运用实例为基础,探讨了在公路隧道勘察中工程物探勘察工作运用的有效性、存在问题和地质可对比性等。

关键词：深埋隧道工程物探有效性

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收益率曲线趋于陡峭中债-新综合指数持续上涨——2020年3月债券市场分析报告

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债券 2020年第4期 88-91页

作者：尹昱乔王雨楠中央结算公司统计监测部

2020年3月,受新冠肺炎疫情影响,美国非农就业人数骤减,居民消费价格指数(CPI)和制造业采购经理指数(PMI)均不及预期。欧元区经济数据普遍回落,综合PMI创历史新低。在我国宏观经济方面,CPI同比上涨4.3%,工业生产者出厂价格指数(PPI)同比... 详细信息

2020年3月,受新冠肺炎疫情影响,美国非农就业人数骤减,居民消费价格指数(CPI)和制造业采购经理指数(PMI)均不及预期。欧元区经济数据普遍回落,综合PMI创历史新低。在我国宏观经济方面,CPI同比上涨4.3%,工业生产者出厂价格指数(PPI)同比下降1.5%,制造业PMI回升至52.0%。中国人民银行通过货币政策工具操作净投放资金1700亿元。

关键词：净投放收益率曲线货币政策工具欧元区市场分析报告经济数据持续上涨综合指数

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债券收益率整体上行发行量大幅增长——2020年5月债券市场分析报告

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债券 2020年第6期 88-91页

作者：尹昱乔王雨楠中央结算公司统计监测部

2020年5月,新冠肺炎疫情对经济的影响有所缓和,美国非农就业人数变化由负转正,失业率低于上月。欧元区采购经理指数(PMI)小幅回升,但通缩风险依然严重。我国居民消费价格指数(CPI)同比上涨2.4%,工业生产者出厂价格指数(PPI)同比下降3.7%... 详细信息

2020年5月,新冠肺炎疫情对经济的影响有所缓和,美国非农就业人数变化由负转正,失业率低于上月。欧元区采购经理指数(PMI)小幅回升,但通缩风险依然严重。我国居民消费价格指数(CPI)同比上涨2.4%,工业生产者出厂价格指数(PPI)同比下降3.7%,制造业PMI回落至50.6%,进出口贸易总值同比下降4.9%;中国人民银行通过货币政策工具净投放资金5700亿元;货币市场利率有所上行,债券收益率曲线整体上行,中债-新综合指数略有下降;债券市场交易结算量持续增长,债券发行量大幅增加,债券存量稳步扩大。

关键词：交易结算净投放债券收益率货币政策工具货币市场利率债券市场欧元区持续增长

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Stereoselective recognition of morphine enantiomers by μ-opioid receptor

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 183-191页

作者： Yibo wang Van A.Ngo Xiaohui wang Laboratory of Chemical Biology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Advanced Computing for Life Sciences and Engineering Group Science Engagement Section National Center for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National Lab School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences

Stereospecific recognition of chiral molecules plays a crucial role in biological systems. The μ-opioid receptor（MOR） exhibits binding affinity towards（-）-morphine, a well-established gold standard in pain management, while it shows minimal binding affinity for the（+）-morphine enantiomer, resulting in a lack of analgesic activity. Understanding how MOR stereoselectively recognizes morphine enantiomers has remained a puzzle in neuroscience and pharmacology for over half-a-century due to the lack of direct observation techniques. To unravel this mystery, we constructed the binding and unbinding processes of morphine enantiomers with MOR via molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the thermodynamics and kinetics governing MOR's stereoselective recognition of morphine enantiomers. Our findings reveal that the binding of（-）-morphine stabilizes MOR in its activated state, exhibiting a deep energy well and a prolonged residence time. In contrast,（+）-morphine fails to sustain the activation state of ***, the results suggest that specific residues, namely D1142.50and D1473.32, are deprotonated in the active state of MOR bound to（-）-morphine. This work highlights that the selectivity in molecular recognition goes beyond binding affinities, extending into the realm of residence time.

关键词： stereoselective recognition thermodynamics and kinetics residence time morphine enantiomers μ-opioid receptor

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Adaptive Optimal Discrete-Time Output-Feedback Using an Internal Model Principle and Adaptive Dynamic Programming

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 131-140页

作者： Zhongyang wang Youqing wang Zdzisław Kowalczuk the College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China IEEE the Department of Robotics and Decision Systems Faculty of ElectronicsTelecommunications and InformaticsGdańsk University of TechnologyGdansk 80-233Poland

In order to address the output feedback issue for linear discrete-time systems, this work suggests a brand-new adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) technique based on the internal model principle(IMP). The proposed method, termed as IMP-ADP, does not require complete state feedback-merely the measurement of input and output data. More specifically, based on the IMP, the output control problem can first be converted into a stabilization problem. We then design an observer to reproduce the full state of the system by measuring the inputs and outputs. Moreover, this technique includes both a policy iteration algorithm and a value iteration algorithm to determine the optimal feedback gain without using a dynamic system model. It is important that with this concept one does not need to solve the regulator equation. Finally, this control method was tested on an inverter system of grid-connected LCLs to demonstrate that the proposed method provides the desired performance in terms of both tracking and disturbance rejection.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) internal model principle(IMP) output feedback problem policy iteration(PI) value iteration(VI)

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Steel-refractory reactions in lanthanum-,cerium-,and ytrium-added steels

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1473-1485页

作者： Jian Kang Hong-po wang Yu wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

A systematic experimental study was conducted on the similarities and differences in the reactions between commonly used rare earth elements(REEs)and frequently used refractories in the steelmaking *** results indicate that the reaction behaviors of La,Ce,and Y with MgO,Al_(2)O_(3),and MgO·Al_(2)O_(3) crucibles differed *** consumption rates of La,Ce,and Y in the molten steel were in descending order of La>Ce>Y for smelting with all three kinds of *** the REEs reacted with the crucible,the contents of Mg and Al showed a trend of first increasing and then *** laboratory-scale smelting conditions,the reactions related to REEs were dominated by steel-crucible reactions,and the contact area between the unit mass of molten steel and refractory materials mainly determined the consumption rates of ***-and Ce-crucible reactions generated loose and porous reaction interfaces;however,Y-crucible reactions generated a dense Y_(2)O_(3) layer,dramatically suppressing the consumption rate of *** calculation indicated that the reactions between rare earth and different refractory materials were first-order *** crucible materials significantly affected the product type and morphology of the steel-crucible reaction interfaces,thereby influencing the consumption rate of *** reactions between REEs and refractories must be seriously considered,especially for small-scale smelting.

关键词： Rare earth Inclusion Refractory Thermodynamics Dynamics

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