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Added value of shear-wave elastography in the prediction of extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle invasion before radical prostatectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第2期25卷 259-264页

作者： Yi-Kang Sun Yang Yu Guang Xu Jian Wu yun-yun liu Shuai Wang Lin Dong Li-Hua Xiang Hui-Xiong Xu Department of Medical Ultrasound Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for TumorShanghai Tenth People’s HospitalUltrasound Research and Education InstituteClinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of Ultrasound Zhongshan HospitalInstitute of Ultrasound in Medicine and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Urology Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200072China

The purpose of this study was to analyze the value of transrectal shear-wave elastography(SWE)in combination with multivariable tools for predicting adverse pathological features before radical prostatectomy(RP).Preoperative clinicopathological variables,multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(mp-MRI)manifestations,and the maximum elastic value of the prostate(Emax)on SWE were retrospectively collected.The accuracy of SWE for predicting adverse pathological features was evaluated based on postoperative pathology,and parameters with statistical significance were selected.The diagnostic performance of various models,including preoperative clinicopathological variables(model 1),preoperative clinicopathological variables+mp-MRI(model 2),and preoperative clinicopathological variables+mp-MRI+SWE(model 3),was evaluated with area under the receiver operator characteristic curve(AUC)analysis.Emax was significantly higher in prostate cancer with extracapsular extension(ECE)or seminal vesicle invasion(SVI)with both P<0.001.The optimal cutoff Emax values for ECE and SVI were 60.45 kPa and 81.55 kPa,respectively.Inclusion of mp-MRI and SWE improved discrimination by clinical models for ECE(model 2 vs model 1,P=0.031;model 3 vs model 1,P=0.002;model 3 vs model 2,P=0.018)and SVI(model 2 vs model 1,P=0.147;model 3 vs model 1,P=0.037;model 3 vs model 2,P=0.134).SWE is valuable for identifying patients at high risk of adverse pathology.

关键词： extracapsular extension prostate cancer seminal vesicle invasion shear-wave elastography transrectal ultrasound

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Can radical parametrectomy be omitted in occult cervical cancer after extrafascial hysterectomy?

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2015年第9期34卷 10-16页

作者： Huai-Wu Lu Jing Li yun-yun liu Chang-Hao liu Guo-Cai Xu Ling-Ling Xie Miao-Fang Wu Zhong-Qiu Lin Department of Gynecologic Oncology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen University

Background: Occult invasive cervical cancer discovered after simple hysterectomy is not common, radical parame?trectomy(RP) is a preferred option for young women. However, the morbidity of RP was high. The aim of our study is to assess the incidence of parametrial involvement in patients who underwent radical parametrectomy for occult cervical cancer or radical hysterectomy for early?stage cervical cancer and to suggest an algorithm for the triage of patients with occult cervical cancer to avoid RP.Methods: A total of 13 patients with occult cervical cancer who had undergone RP with an upper vaginectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy were included in this retrospective study. Data on the clinicopathologic characteristics of the cases were collected. The published literature was also reviewed, and low risk factors for parametrial involvement in early?stage cervical cancer were analyzed.Results: Of the 13 patients, 9 had a stage IB1 lesion, and 4 had a stage IA2 lesion. There were four patients with grade 1 disease, seven with grade 2 disease, and two with grade 3 disease. The median age of the entire patients was 41 years. The most common indication for extrafascial hysterectomy was cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3. Three patients had visible lesions measuring 10–30 mm, in diameter and ten patients had cervical stromal invasions with depths ranging from 4 to 9 mm; only one patient had more than 50% stromal invasion, and four patients had lymph?vascular space invasion(LVSI). Perioperative complications included intraoperative bowel injury, blood transfusion, vesico?vaginal istula, and ileus(1 case for each). Postoperative pathologic examination results did not show residual disease or parametrial involvement. One patient with positive lymph nodes received concurrent radiation therapy. Only one patient experienced recurrence.Conclusions: Perioperative complications following RP were common, whereas the incidence of parametrial involve?ment was very low among selected early?stage cervical cancer patients. Based on th

关键词： Radical parametrectomy Occult cervical cancer Parametrial involvement Perioperative complications

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Suppressive Effects of Plumbagin on Invasion and Migration of Breast Cancer Cells via the Inhibition of STAT3 Signaling and Down-regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine Expressions

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Bone Research 2013年第4期1卷 362-370页

作者： Wei Yan Bing Tu yun-yun liu Ting-yu Wang Han Qiao Zan-jing Zhai Hao-wei Li Ting-ting Tang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Wendeng Zhenggu Hospital of Shandong Province Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Wendeng Center Hospital of Weihai City Department of Pharmacy Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Objective： The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of plumbagin （PL）, a naphthoquinone derived from the medicinal plant plumbago zeylanica, on the invasion and migration of human breast cancer cells. Methods： Human breast cancer MDA-MB-231SArfp cells were treated with different concentrations of plum- bagin for 24 h. The effects of plumbagin on the migration and invasion were observed by a transwell method. The expressions of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β, TNFα, MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA in MDA-MB-231SArfp cells were detected using Real-Time PCR. MDA-MB-231SArfp cells were treated with plumbagin at different concentrations for 45 minutes. The activation of STAT3 was detected by western blot. Following this analysis, STAT3 in MDA-MB-231SArfp cells was knocked out using specific siRNA, mRNA levels of IL-1α, TGF-β, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were then detected. Consequently, MDA-MB-231SArfp cells were injected intracardially into BALB/c nude mice to construct a breast cancer bone metastatic model. The mice were injected intra- peritoneally with plumbagin. Non-invasive in vivo monitoring, X-ray imaging and histological staining were performed to investigate the effects of plumbagin on the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells in vivo. Results： The in vitro results showed that plumbagin could suppress the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and down-regulate mRNA expressions of IL-1α TGF-β, MMP-2 and MMP-9. Western blotting demonstrated that plumbagin inhibited the activation of STAT3 signaling in MDA-MB-231SArfp cells. The inactivation of STAT3 was found to have an inhibitory effect on the expressions of IL-1α, TGF-β, MMP-2 and MMP-9. In vivo studies showed that plumbagin inhibited the metastasis of breast cancer cells and decreased osteolytic bone metastases, as well as the secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by tumor cells at metastatic lesions. Conclusions： Plumbagin can suppress the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells via the inhibition of STAT3 signaling and by downregulation of IL-1α, TGF-β,

关键词： plumbagin breast cancer invasion migration

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Nuclear volume effects in kinetic isotope fractionation:A case study of mercury oxidation by chlorine species

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 411-423页

作者： Chenlu Yang Yining Zhang yun liu Research Center for Planetary Science College of Earth and Planetary SciencesChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

It is well-known that the equilibrium isotope fractionation of mercury(Hg)includes classical massdependent fractionations(MDFs)and nuclear volume effect(NVE)induced mass-independent fractionations(MIFs).However,the effect of the NVE on these kinetic processes is not known.The total fractionations(MDFs+NVEinduced MIFs)of several representative Hg-incorporated substances were selected and calculated with ab initio calculations in this work for both equilibrium and kinetic processes.NVE-induced MIFs were calculated with scaled contact electron densities at the nucleus through systematic evaluations of their accuracy and errors using the Gaussian09 and DIRAC19 packages(named the electron density scaling method).Additionally,the NVE-induced kinetic isotope effect(KIE)of Hg isotopes are also calculated with this method for several representative Hg oxidation reactions by chlorine species.Total KIEs for 202 Hg/^(198)Hg ranging from−2.27‰to 0.96‰are obtained.Three anomalous^(202)Hg-enriched KIEs(δ^(202)Hg/^(198)Hg=0.83‰,0.94‰,and 0.96‰,)caused by the NVE are observed,which are quite different from the classical view(i.e.,light isotopes react faster than the heavy ones).The electron density scaling method we developed in this study can provide an easier way to calculate the NVE-induced KIEs for heavy isotopes and serve to better understand the fractionation mechanisms of mercury isotope systems.

关键词： Nuclear volume effect Kinetic fractionation Hg isotopes Ab initio calculations

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NFXL1 functions as a transcriptional activator required for thermotolerance at reproductive stage in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 54-65页

作者： Qiao‐yun Zhu Lin‐Lin Zhang Jian‐Xiang liu State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Plants are highly susceptible to abiotic stresses,particularly heat stress during the reproductive stage.However,the specific molecular mechanisms underlying this sensitivity remain largely unknown.In the current study,we demonstrate that the Nuclear Transcription Factor,X-box Binding Protein 1-Like 1(NFXL1),directly regulates the expression of DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN 2A(DREB2A),which is crucial for reproductive thermotolerance in Arabidopsis.NFXL1 is upregulated by heat stress,and its mutation leads to a reduction in silique length(seed number)under heat stress conditions.RNA-Seq analysis reveals that NFXL1 has a global impact on the expression of heat stress responsive genes,including DREB2A,Heat Shock Factor A3(HSFA3)and Heat Shock Protein 17.6(HSP17.6)in flower buds.Interestingly,NFXL1 is enriched in the promoter region of DREB2A,but not of either HSFA3 or HSP17.6.Further experiments using electrophoretic mobility shift assay have confirmed that NFXL1 directly binds to the DNA fragment derived from the DREB2A promoter.Moreover,effector-reporter assays have shown that NFXL1 activates the DREB2A promoter.The DREB2A mutants are also heat stress sensitive at the reproductive stage,and DEREB2A is epistatic to NFXL1 in regulating thermotolerance in flower buds.It is known that HSFA3,a direct target of DREB2A,regulates the expression of heat shock proteins genes under heat stress conditions.Thus,our findings establish NFXL1 as a critical upstream regulator of DREB2A in the transcriptional cassette responsible for heat stress responses required for reproductive thermotolerance in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Arabidopsis DREB2A heat stress NFXL1 reproductive thermotolerance

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MRm-DLDet:a memory-resident malware detection framework based on memory forensics and deep neural network

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Cybersecurity 2024年第1期7卷 88-109页

作者： Jiaxi liu yun Feng Xinyu liu Jianjun Zhao Qixu liu Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Cyber attackers have constantly updated their attack techniques to evade antivirus software detection in recent years.One popular evasion method is to execute malicious code and perform malicious actions only in memory.Mali-cious programs that use this attack method are called memory-resident malware,with excellent evasion capability,and have posed huge threats to cyber security.Traditional static and dynamic methods are not effective in detect-ing memory-resident malware.In addition,existing memory forensics detection solutions perform unsatisfactorily in detection rate and depend on massive expert knowledge in memory analysis.This paper proposes MRm-DLDet,a state-of-the-art memory-resident malware detection framework,to overcome these drawbacks.MRm-DLDet first builds a virtual machine environment and captures memory dumps,then creatively processes the memory dumps into RGB images using a pre-processing technique that combines deduplication and ultra-high resolution image cropping,followed by our neural network MRmNet in MRm-DLDet to fully extract high-dimensional features from memory dump files and detect *** receives the labeled sub-images of the cropped high-resolution RGB images as input of ResNet-18,which extracts the features of the sub-images.Then trains a network of gated recurrent units with an attention mechanism.Finally,it determines whether a program is memory-resident malware based on the detection results of each sub-image through a specially designed voting layer.We created a high-quality dataset consisting of 2,060 benign and memory-resident programs.In other words,the dataset contains 1,287,500 labeled sub-images cut from the MRm-DLDet transformed ultra-high resolution RGB images.We implement MRm-DLDet for Windows 10,and it performs better than the latest methods,with a detection accuracy of up to 98.34%.Moreover,we measured the effects of mimicry and adversarial attacks on MRm-DLDet,and the experimental results demonstrated the robustness of MRm-DLDet.

关键词： Memory-resident malware Memory forensics Malware detection Deep learning Ultra-high resolution image

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The risk factors and threshold level of subchronic inhalation exposure of reclaimed water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 639-650页

作者： Jiayang Kong yun Lu yunru Ren Menghao Chen Gang liu Liangliang Shi State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Inhalation of reclaimed water is known to cause lung infammation,and free endotoxins have been shown to be a major risk factor for acute exposure.Subchronic exposure has also been shown to induce infammatory responses with visible tissue damage.However,subchronic risk factors have yet to be identified,and a threshold for the protection of occupational populations during urban reuse is necessary.In this study,potential risk factors in reclaimed water were examined by subchronic exposure with fractionated reclaimed water,and the health risk threshold was tested with a series of diluted reclaimed water.Accordingly,following a 12-week exposure,macromolecules and microorganisms were found to be two major risk factors in reclaimed water that could cause pulmonary infammation,including increased proportion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in bronchoalveolar fuid,formation of inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue,and elevation of Immunoglobulin A levels.Moreover,infammation persisted after a 4-week recovery period.The calculated threshold of reclaimed water exposure for mice was 31.8 Endotoxin Unit(EU)/(kg·day)under when exposed to 50%additional relative humidity from reclaimed water at 25℃ for 2 hr/day.Meanwhile,the subchronic threshold estimate for humans under the same exposure conditions was found to be 12.2 EU/(kg·day),corresponding to endotoxin levels of 61.7 EU/mL in reclaimed water.The threshold level of endotoxin was lower than that in most non-potable reclaimed water.The findings of this study suggest that occupational exposure of reclaimed water can serve as a potential risk to workers.

关键词： Reclaimed water Inhalation exposure Risk factor Threshold Infammation Endotoxin

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Assessment of the triglyceride glucose index in adult patients with chronic diarrhea and constipation

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第6期12卷 1094-1103页

作者： Jing-Yi Zhu Mu-yun liu Chang Sun Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Gastroenterology Navy No.905 HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiome is involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance(IR).However,the link between two of the most prevalent bowel disorders,chronic diarrhea and constipation,and the triglyceride glucose(TyG)index,a marker of IR,has not yet been investigated.AIM To investigate the potential association between TyG and the incidence of chronic diarrhea and constipation.METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 2400 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database from 2009-2010.TyG was used as an exposure variable,with chronic diarrhea and constipation as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale used as the outcome variables.A demographic investigation based on TyG quartile subgroups was performed.The application of multivariate logistic regression models and weighted generalized additive models revealed potential correlations between TyG,chronic diarrhea,and constipation.Subgroup analyses were performed to examine the stability of any potential associations.RESULTS In the chosen sample,chronic diarrhea had a prevalence of 8.00%,while chronic constipation had a prevalence of 8.04%.In multiple logistic regression,a more prominent positive association was found between TyG and chronic diarrhea,particularly in model 1(OR=1.45;95%CI:1.17-1.79,P=0.0007)and model 2(OR=1.40;95%CI:1.12-1.76,P=0.0033).No definite association was observed between the TyG levels and chronic constipation.The weighted generalized additive model findings suggested a more substantial positive association with chronic diarrhea when TyG was less than 9.63(OR=1.89;95%CI:1.05-3.41,P=0.0344),and another positive association with chronic constipation when it was greater than 8.2(OR=1.74;95%CI:1.02-2.95,P=0.0415).The results of the subgroup analyses further strengthen the extrapolation of these results to a wide range of populations.CONCLUSION Higher TyG levels were positively associated with abnormal bowel health.

关键词： Triglyceride glucose index National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Chronic diarrhea Chronic constipation Cross-sectional study Bowel health

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Observer-based Output-feedback Stabilization Control Design for a Class of Nonlinear Uncertain Systems

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自动化学报 2006年第1期32卷 101-106页

作者： ZHANG yun liu yun-Gang LI Yan-Fang School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250061

The output-feedback stabilization control problem is investigated for a class of nonlinear uncertain systems. Based on the multivariable analog of circle criterion, an observer is designed to estimate the system states and hence the dynamical equations that the estimation error satisfies are derived first. Then, by using integral backstepping approach together with completing square technique, the output-feedback stabilization control is constructively designed such that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the main results of this paper.

关键词：非线性系统不确定性输出反馈稳定性误差估计

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Gut-targeted therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 1-8页

作者： Tian-Cheng Xu yun liu Zhi Yu Bin Xu Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance.The global prevalence of T2DM has reached epidemic proportions,affecting approximately 463 million adults worldwide in 2019.Current treatments for T2DM include lifestyle modifications,oral antidiabetic agents,and insulin therapy.However,these therapies may carry side effects and fail to achieve optimal glycemic control in some patients.Therefore,there is a growing interest in the role of gut microbiota and more gut-targeted therapies in the management of T2DM.The gut microbiota,which refers to the community of microorganisms that inhabit the human gut,has been shown to play a crucial role in the regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.Alterations in gut microbiota composition and diversity have been observed in T2DM patients,with a reduction in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pathogenic bacteria.This dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease by promoting inflammation and impairing gut barrier function.Several gut-targeted therapies have been developed to modulate the gut microbiota and improve glycemic control in T2DM.One potential approach is the use of probio-tics,which are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts.Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that certain probiotics,such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species,can improve glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in T2DM patients.Mechanisms may include the production of short-chain fatty acids,the improvement of gut barrier function,and the reduction of inflammation.Another gut-targeted therapy is fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),which involves the transfer of fecal material from a healthy donor to a recipient.FMT has been used successfully in the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection and is now being investigated as a potential therapy for T2DM.A recent randomized controlled trial showed that FMT from lea

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Gastroenterology Bacteria Implanted device

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