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Evaluation of Total Seed Protein Content in Eleven Arkansas Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Lines

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第15期7卷 2288-2296页

作者： Waltram Second Ravelombola Ainong Shi yuejin weng Dennis Motes Pengyin Chen Vibha Srivastava Clay Wingfield Department of Horticulture University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA Vegetable Research Center University of Arkansas Alma AR USA Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA Southwest Research and Extension Center University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture Hope AR USA

Cowpea is cultivated on more than 11 million hectares with a worldwide production of 5.4 million tons of dried seeds. Cowpea is an affordable source of protein, which is used as an alternative to soybean for people who are allergic to soybean protein. The aim of this research was to assess the variability of the total seed protein content in cowpea. Eleven Arkansas breeding lines were used in this study. Field experiment design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 2 blocks, and conducted in three different locations within Arkansas State (Fayetteville, Alma, and Hope) in 2015. A standard chemical protocol was performed involving an analysis of the total nitrogen by combustion using an Elementar Rapid N III instrument to estimate the protein content. The average protein content was 25.4%, and ranged from 23.7% to 27.4% with a standard deviation of 1.9%. The significant effects of genotype, environment (location), and genotype by environment were observed for the total seed protein content in cowpea. The broad sense heritability (H2) for cowpea seed protein was estimated to be 57.8% based on the eleven cowpea genotypes studied. The cowpea lines, “Early Scarlet” and 09-204 had the highest seed protein content with 27.4% and 26.9% dried seed weight, respectively. This study provides valuable information on cowpea protein content for breeders to select and utilize those breeding lines with high seed protein content to develop new high protein cowpea cultivars.

关键词： Cowpea Vigna unguiculata Seed Protein Content Germplasm

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Association Analysis and Identification of SNP Markers for Stemphylium Leaf Spot (Stemphylium botryosum f. sp. spinacia) Resistance in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第12期7卷 1600-1611页

作者： Ainong Shi Beiquan Mou Jim Correll Steven T. Koike Dennis Motes Jun Qin yuejin weng Wei Yang Department of Horticulture 316 PTSC University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Salinas USA Department of Plant Pathology University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA University of California Cooperative Extension Salinas USA Vegetable Research Center University of Arkansas Alma USA

Stemphylium leaf spot, caused by Stemphylium botryosum f. sp. spinacia, is an important fungal disease of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). The aim of this study was to conduct association analysis to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with Stemphylium leaf spot resistance in spinach. A total of 273 spinach genotypes, including 265 accessions from the USDA spinach germplasm collection and eight commercial cultivars, were used in this study. Phenotyping for Stemphylium leaf spot resistance was evaluated in greenhouse;genotyping was conducted using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) with 787 SNPs;and single marker regression, general linear model, and mixed linear model were used for association analysis of Stemphylium leaf spot. Spinach genotypes showed a skewed distribution for Stemphylium leaf spot resistance, with a range from 0.2% to 23.5% disease severity, suggesting that Stemphylium leaf spot resistance in spinach is a complex, quantitative trait. Association analysis indicated that eight SNP markers, AYZV02052595_115, AYZV02052595_122, AYZV02057770_10404, AYZV02129827_205, AYZV0-2152692_182, AYZV02180153_337, AYZV02225889_197, and AYZV02258563_213 were strongly associated with Stemphylium leaf spot resistance, with a Log of the Odds (LOD) of 2.5 or above. The SNP markers may provide a tool to select for Stemphylium leaf spot resistance in spinach breeding programs through marker-assisted selection (MAS).

关键词： Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) Disease Resistance Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Spinacia oleracea Stemphylium botryosum Stemphylium Leaf Spot

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A Rapid Method for Measuring Seed Protein Content in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 2387-2396页

作者： yuejin weng Ainong Shi Waltram Second Ravelombola Wei Yang Jun Qin Dennis Motes David Octor Moseley Pengyin Chen Department of Horticulture University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA Vegetable Research Center University of Arkansas Alma AR USA Department of Crop Soil and Environment University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA Fisher Delta Research Center College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources University of Missouri Portageville MO USA

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), a legume crop that is grown in the worldwide, provides beneficial proteins for human consumption and animal feeding. In comparison, Rapid N analyzer as traditional method, has been widely used to measure protein content through the percentage of total nitrogen in the seed’s grounded powder. Near-Infrared Reflectance (NIR) has commonly been used to measure protein content in soybean seeds using whole grain without the need of seed grinding, which makes it possible to obtain fast results at a lower cost-per-analysis than the traditional combustion method. The specific objective of this study is to test a rapid method for measuring cowpea seed protein content by the NIR analyzer comparing to the traditional rapid N analyzer. A total of 240 cowpea genotypes were used in this study, including six seed coat colors, black, blackeye, browneye, cream, pinkeye, and red with 40 cowpea genotypes. The results showed that a linear relationship exists between the NIR analyzer and the Rapid N analyzer in the six different color groups. The correlation efficiency (r) between the seed protein contents from NIR and Rapid N was higher for pinkeye seed (r = 0.867), blackeye (0.771), cream (0.729), browneye (0.700), and red (0.623), respectively, but lower for black seeds, indicating that the NIR analyzer can be used to measure protein content for cowpea seeds with the five types of seed coat except black. Overview, the cowpea seed protein content measured from the NIR analyzer showed a little higher seed protein content. A series of regression models with different seed coat color have been built to adjust to protein content of colorful cowpea seeds from the NIR analyzer. But, it is not recommended to use for black color seeds due to a very low correlation efficiency (r) value with 0.184.

关键词： Cowpea Seed Protein Content Protein Measurement Method Rapid N Analyzer Near-Infrared Reflectance (NIR) Vigna unguiculata

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Genome-Wide Identification, Classification and Evolutionary Expansion of KNOX Gene Family in Rice (Oryza sativa) and Populus(Populustrichocarpa)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第6期9卷 1071-1092页

作者： Haizheng Xiong Ainong Shi Dianxing Wu yuejin weng Jun Qin Waltram Second Ravelombola Xiaoli Shu Wei Zhou State Key Lab of Rice Biology Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Dept. of Horticulture 316 PTSC University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

The KNOX gene family codes for transcriptional regulators with a variety of functions in plant developmental and physiological processes. In this study, a genome-wide comparative analysis of KNOX genes in Poplar (Populustrichocarpa) and rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) was carried out. With comprehensive computational analyses, which take into account the gene structures, phylogeny and conserved motifs, 15 and 13 KNOX genes in Poplar and rice were identified, respectively. These KNOX genes were further divided into 3 groups. The Poplar gene POPTR_0012s04040 and the rice genes LOC_Os03g47042 and LOC_Os03g47022 were classified to a new group of KNOX genes without ahomeobox domain together with KNATM, which were proposed to play potential role in plant development and pluripotency. The identification of KNATM homolog in monocotyledons (rice) provided a strong support for proposing an ancient shuffling of HOMEOBOX gene with MEINOX gene took place in the KNOX phylogeny. Using subcellular location information, GO (gene ontology) and expression profile analysis, KNOX genes in rice and poplar were proposed to function similarly to the members in Arabidopsis. Our observations may lay the foundation for future functional analysis of KNOX genes in rice and poplar to unravel their biological roles in cellular pluripotency.

关键词： KNOX Family Evolutionary Expansion Oryza sativa Populustrichocarpa

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Screening of Seed Soluble Sugar Content in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 1455-1466页

作者： yuejin weng Waltram Second Ravelombola Wei Yang Jun Qin Wei Zhou Y.-J. Wang Beiquan Mou Ainong Shi Department of Horticulture University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA Department of Food Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Salinas CA USA

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is a legume crop grown worldwide to provide protein, starch, soluble sugar, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins for human consumption and animal feed. Soluble sugar is an important physiological trait in cowpea seeds. It not only plays an important role in storability and abiotic stress tolerance in seeds, but also provides energy to the human body and improves cooking quality by giving a desirable taste and mouth feel. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate variation of cowpea seed soluble sugar content, and assess the soluble sugar content of cowpea varieties with different seed coat colors for cowpea consumers. A total of 113 cowpea genotypes were used, including 89 USDA GRIN germplasm accessions and 24 advanced breeding lines developed from University of Arkansas, AR, USA. Seed soluble sugar content was measured using a Spectrophotometer by phenol-sulphuric acid method. The results showed that the seed soluble sugar contents among 113 cowpea genotypes exhibited a wide range varying from 32.6 mg/g to 86.1 mg/g with an average of 54.5 mg/g. The five highest soluble sugar contents in seeds were found in the Arkansas cultivar Empire (86.1 mg/g), USDA germplasm accession PI583202 (84.5 mg/g), Arkansas advanced breeding line 09-655 (82.1 mg/g), USDA accession PI601085 (81.6 mg/g), and Arkansas advanced breeding line 09-529 (80.9 mg/g), and they can be used in cowpea breeding programs to develop new cowpea cultivars with higher seed soluble sugar content. It was also observed that the soluble sugar contents in Arkansas commercial cultivars and advanced breeding lines were higher than those in USDA germplasm and the seeds with colorful coat may have soluble sugar levels desirable by consumers.

关键词： Seeds Storage Soluble Sugar Germplasm Seed Color

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茶淀红麦耐盐基因的RFLP分子标记

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河北农业科学 1999年第1期3卷 1-5页

作者：翁跃进中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所北京100081

以农家耐盐小麦品种“茶淀红麦”与盐敏感品种“中国春”为对象配制杂交组合,获得98株分离群体,利用BSA方法构建小麦耐盐和盐反应敏感基因池,利用RFLP探针标记茶淀红麦的耐盐基因。结果表明小麦7个同源群14个长短臂上的80个RFLP标记中仅... 详细信息

以农家耐盐小麦品种“茶淀红麦”与盐敏感品种“中国春”为对象配制杂交组合,获得98株分离群体,利用BSA方法构建小麦耐盐和盐反应敏感基因池,利用RFLP探针标记茶淀红麦的耐盐基因。结果表明小麦7个同源群14个长短臂上的80个RFLP标记中仅有5A染色体长臂上的Psr906表现多态性,在32株F2群体(17耐和15感)表现共分离。由此将小麦耐盐种质茶淀红麦的耐盐基因定位在小麦遗传图谱5A染色体长臂的Xpsr906位点上。

关键词：耐盐种质 RFLP 分子标记茶淀红麦小麦

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西藏半野生小麦遗传多样性研究进展以及原位保存的建议

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植物遗传资源科学 2002年第2期3卷 28-33页

作者：黄亨履翁跃进张贤珍陆平中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所北京100081

1995—1998年对277份西藏半野生小麦的研究表明:西藏半野生小麦形态类型多样、断穗特征稳定,是六倍体小麦中独特的小穗下节位断裂的裸粒型断穗小麦。在性状聚类中,它与栽培小麦各居一群,泾渭分明,明显特点是断穗性强、成熟早、穗密度偏... 详细信息

1995—1998年对277份西藏半野生小麦的研究表明:西藏半野生小麦形态类型多样、断穗特征稳定,是六倍体小麦中独特的小穗下节位断裂的裸粒型断穗小麦。在性状聚类中,它与栽培小麦各居一群,泾渭分明,明显特点是断穗性强、成熟早、穗密度偏稀,植株较高,千粒重偏低。通过等电聚焦同功酶分析显示,14个生化位点中有10个位点存在遗传多样性;在 RFLP 分子标记中,第3、4、5、6、7同源群表现多态性,但只有在第5、6、7同源群染色体长臂或短臂上与栽培品种存在不同,因而断穗基因可能存在于5S、5L、6L 或7S 染色体之一上。西藏半野生小麦中有4.5%的材料具有中抗和高抗白粉病能力;蛋白质、赖氨酸含量均超过对照2～5个百分点。建议在不同海拔的加查县和察隅县建立西藏半野生小麦的原位保存点。

关键词：西藏半野生小麦遗传多样性研究进展原位保存

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比较政治学概念创新的三波浪潮——历史脉络下的概念范式转型

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学海 2025年第1期 31-39页

作者：景跃进清华大学社会科学学院政治系北京100084

在重视自主知识生产和理论创新的背景下,概念问题正在得到国内学界越来越多的关注,以概念为主题的学术活动,从官方倡导、学者呼吁到媒体推动,从专题研讨会到论文和著述的刊发,可谓勃然兴起,蔚然成势。与此同时,新术语新概念如过江之鲫,... 详细信息

在重视自主知识生产和理论创新的背景下,概念问题正在得到国内学界越来越多的关注,以概念为主题的学术活动,从官方倡导、学者呼吁到媒体推动,从专题研讨会到论文和著述的刊发,可谓勃然兴起,蔚然成势。与此同时,新术语新概念如过江之鲫,不断涌现。诸般热闹之下,难免有鱼龙混杂之嫌。虽然当下很难给出一个全面而准确的局势判断,但若说相关研究正处在一个从自在到自觉的转变之中,大概是站得住脚的。

关键词：站得住脚学术活动比较政治学范式转型新术语局势判断概念创新历史脉络

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西藏小麦耐盐性鉴定及分析

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植物遗传资源科学 2001年第2期2卷 36-39页

作者：郭宝生杨凯宋景芝黄亨履翁跃进中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所.北京 100081

在3种不同盐胁迫浓度下对161份来源于西藏的小麦材料进行了苗期耐盐性鉴定,其中有147份西藏半野生小麦及14份密穗小麦。以普通小麦耐盐品种茶淀红麦和盐敏感品种 P194341为对照。在147份西藏半野生小麦中有14份表现为耐盐,占9.5%。14份... 详细信息

在3种不同盐胁迫浓度下对161份来源于西藏的小麦材料进行了苗期耐盐性鉴定,其中有147份西藏半野生小麦及14份密穗小麦。以普通小麦耐盐品种茶淀红麦和盐敏感品种 P194341为对照。在147份西藏半野生小麦中有14份表现为耐盐,占9.5%。14份密穗小麦中没有发现耐盐材料。在这161份材料中还发现了3份对盐胁迫浓度梯度不敏感的品种。结果表明,我国特有的西藏半野生小麦中蕴藏有丰富的耐盐种质,它们可供小麦耐盐育种用做亲本。

关键词：西藏小麦耐盐性相对生长量

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祖莹、祖父子的为人与为文

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中州学刊 2025年第1期 137-143页

作者：刘跃进中国社会科学院文学研究所河南郑州450046

祖莹、祖珽父子为东魏、北齐重要的文学家,他们以自己的文化活动有力地促进了东魏、北齐文学的发展。祖莹代元颢所作《与孝庄帝书》表现了作者“文章须自出机杼,成一家风骨”的特色,可惜为严可均《全后魏文》失载。祖珽创办文林馆,广纳... 详细信息

祖莹、祖珽父子为东魏、北齐重要的文学家,他们以自己的文化活动有力地促进了东魏、北齐文学的发展。祖莹代元颢所作《与孝庄帝书》表现了作者“文章须自出机杼,成一家风骨”的特色,可惜为严可均《全后魏文》失载。祖珽创办文林馆,广纳文才,监修大型文学文献资料汇编《修文殿御览》,在当时文化建设中发挥了重要的作用。文林馆学士是北齐时期规模最大、影响最深的文士集团,在北齐文学史和思想史上具有重要意义。

关键词：祖莹祖珽《修文殿御览》文林馆

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