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Azocalixarenes: a scaffold of universal excipients with high efficiency

Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1697-1706页

作者： Yu-Xin Yue Yi-Lin Lin Meng-Meng Chen Han-Wen Tian Rong Ma ze-Han Wang Fang-yuan Chen Yu-Chen Pan Dong-Sheng Guo College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials(Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Excipients are important components of pharmaceutical preparations that affect their quality, safety, and efficacy. Macrocyclic receptors are a family of supramolecular excipients with several advantages, including molecular-level protection, small sizes,fast kinetics of host-guest recognition, and modular construction. With the continuous advances in the medical field, personalized and precision medicine requires the development of excipients with low dosages, integrated modifying effects, universality,and controlled release. To meet these requirements, we have developed a new family of macrocyclic excipients based on calixarenes by integrating their covalent(broad chemical design space) and noncovalent(wide range of substrates) ***, azocalixarenes(Azo CAs) were designed, showing high binding affinities to a broad spectrum of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs), selectivity to interferents, and responsiveness to hypoxic microenvironments. Due to their highly efficient and controllable recognition, Azo CAs serve as low-dose excipients for 30 APIs. Molecular encapsulation by Azo CAs results in the integrated modification of the physicochemical properties of APIs, including solubility, stability, bioavailability,and biocompatibility. Moreover, Azo CAs can be reduced by azoreductases overexpressed in hypoxic microenvironments,leading to the controlled release of APIs. Collectively, Azo CA excipients have broad application prospects for a series of diseases such as enteritis, arthritis, stroke, cancer, bacterial infection and kidney injury, with diverse therapeutic modalities,including chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, boron neutron capture therapy, radiotherapy, fluorescence imaging, and their combinations.

关键词： supramolecular chemistry host-guest systems excipient calixarene molecular recognition

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Animal models of hepatitis E infection: Advances and challenges

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 171-180页

作者： ze Xiang Xiang-Lin He Chuan-Wu Zhu Jia-Jia Yang Lan Huang Chun jiang Jian Wu Chinese Consortium for the Study of Hepatitis E(CCSHE) Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310030China Department of Infectious Diseases The Fifth People’s Hospital of SuzhouSuzhou 215007China Department of Infection Management The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215008China Department of Clinical Laboratory The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215008China 不详

Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis *** most of HEV infections are asymptomatic,some patients will develop the symptoms,especially pregnant women,the elderly,and patients with preexisting liver diseases,who often experience anorexia,nausea,vom-iting,malaise,abdominal pain,and *** infection may become chronic in immunosuppressed *** addition,HEV infection can also cause several extrahepatic *** exists in a wide range of hosts in nature and can be transmitted across ***,animals susceptible to HEV can be used as *** establishment of animal models is of great significance for studying HEV transmission,clinical symptoms,extrahepatic manifestations,and therapeutic strategies,which will help us understand the pathogenesis,prevention,and treatment of hepatitis *** review summarized the animal models of HEV,including pigs,monkeys,rabbits,mice,rats,and other *** each animal species,we provided a concise summary of the HEV genotypes that they can be infected with,the cross-species transmission pathways,as well as their role in studying extrahepatic manifestations,prevention,and treatment of HEV *** advantages and disadvantages of these animal models were also *** review offers new perspectives to enhance the current understanding of the research landscape surrounding HEV animal models.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus Animal models Pathogenesis Prevention Treatment

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Dynamic Analysis of A Deepwater Drilling Riser with A New Hang-off System

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 29-41页

作者： LI Yan-wei LIU Xiu-quan WANG Jin-long CHEN Guo-ming CHANG yuan-jiang SHENG Lei-xiang Centre for Offshore Engineering and Safety Technology China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China National Engineering Laboratory of Offshore Geophysical and Exploration Equipment China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China China CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China

The safety of risers in hang-off states is a vital challenge in offshore oil and gas engineering.A new hang-off system installed on top of risers is proposed for improving the security of *** approach leads to a challenging problem:coupling the dynamics of risers with a new hang-off system combined with multiple structures and complex *** accurately analyze the dynamic responses of the coupled system,a coupled dynamic model is established based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam-column theory and penalty function method.A comprehensive analysis method is proposed for coupled dynamic analysis by combining the finite element method and the Newmarkβ*** analysis program is also developed in MATLAB for dynamic *** simulation results show that the dynamic performances of the risers at the top part are significantly improved by the new hang-off system,especially the novel design,which includes the centralizer and articulation *** bending moment and lateral deformation of the risers at the top part decrease,while the hang-off joint experiences a great bending moment at the bottom of the lateral restraint area which requires particular attention in design and *** platform navigation speed range under the safety limits of risers expands with the new hang-off system in use.

关键词： deepwater drilling riser new hang-off system dynamic analysis finite element method penalty function method

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Effect of various aromatic compounds with different functional groups on enzymatic hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose and alkaline pretreated wheat straw

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第2期9卷 211-221页

作者： Yufeng yuan Xinyu Guo Bo jiang Wenjuan Wu Tingwei Zhang Michael Sweeney Mehraj Ahmad Yongcan Jin jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsJiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and TechnologyNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNNorthern Ireland United Kingdom Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Light Industry and Food EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

Low molecular aromatic compounds are detrimental to the enzymatic hydrolysis of ***,the specific role of their functional groups remains ***,a series of nine aromatic compounds as additives were tested to understand their effect on the hydrolysis yield of microcrystalline cellulose(MCC)and alkaline pretreated wheat *** on the results,the inhibition of aldehyde groups on MCC was greater than that of carboxyl groups,whereas for the alkaline pretreated wheat straw case,the inhibitory effect of aldehyde groups was lower than that of carboxyl *** methoxyl groups of aromatic compounds reduced the inhibitory ef-fect on enzymatic hydrolysis of both *** inhibition of aromatic compounds on MCC hydrolysis was detected in comparison with the alkaline pretreated wheat straw,indicating that the substrate lignin can offset the inhibition to a certain *** all aromatic com-pounds,syringaldehyde with one aldehyde group and two methoxyl groups improved the glucan conversion of the alkaline pretreated wheat straw.

关键词： Aromatic compound Functional group Enzymatic hydrolysis Alkaline pretreated wheat straw Microcrystalline cellulose

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Structural Properties of Ions and Polyelectrolytes in Aqueous Solutions under External Electric Fields:The Sign Effect

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1341-1352,I0007页

作者： Cheng-jiang Lin Jun-Jun Wang yuan jiang Shu-Li Chen Hong-Fei Li Wen-Han Zhao Qing-Rong Huang Chang-Ru Rong Xiao-Zheng Duan State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Vehicle Integration and Control China FAW Group Co.Ltd.Changchun130013China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200438China Department of Food Science Rutgers University65 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNew Jersey08901USA

We utilize molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the microstructures of ions and polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions under external electric *** focusing on the multi-body interactions between ionic components and H_(2)O molecules,as well as their responses to the external electric fields,we clarify several nontrivial molecular features of the ionic and polyelectrolyte solutions,such as the solvations of cations and anions,clustering of the ions,and dispersions/aggregations of polyelectrolyte chains,as well as the corresponding responses of H_(2)O molecules in these *** simulations illustrate the variations in structures of ionic solutions caused by reversing the charge sign of the ions,and elucidate the disparity in structures between anionic and cationic polyelectrolyte solutions in the presence of the external electric *** work clarifies the mechanism for the alternations in complex multi-body interactions in aqueous solutions caused by the application electric field,which can contribute to the fundamental understanding of the physical and chemical natures of ion-containing and charged polymeric systems.

关键词： Polyelectrolyte Ions Aqueous solutions External electric fields Asymmetric dipole

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Dynamic response and failure process of horizontal-layered fractured structure rock slope under strong earthquake

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 882-900页

作者： WANG Tong LIU Xianfeng HOU Zhaoxu XU Jiahang ZHANG Jun yuan Shengyang jiang Guanlu HU Jinshan School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Key Laboratory of High-Speed Railway Engineering of Ministry of Education Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Civil Engineering Xinjiang Institute of EngineeringUrumqi 830023China China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.LTD Xi'an 710043China

Rock slope with horizontal-layered fractured structure(HLFS)has high stability in its natural ***,a strong earthquake can induce rock fissure expansion,ultimately leading to slope *** this study,the dynamic response,failure mode,and spectral characteristics of rock slope with HLFS under strong earthquake conditions were investigated based on the large-scale shaking table model *** this basis,multiple sets of numerical calculation models were further established by UDEC discrete element *** influencing factors were considered in the parametric study of numerical simulations,including slope height,slope angle,bedding-plane spacing and secondary joint spacing as well as bedrock dip *** results showed that the failure process of rock slope with HLFS under earthquake action is mainly divided into four phases,i.e.,the tensile crack of the slope shoulder joints and shear dislocation at the top bedding plane,the extension of vertical joint cracks and increase of shear displacement,the formation of step-through sliding surfaces and the instability,and finally collapse of fractured rock *** acceleration response of slopes exhibits elevation amplification effect and surface *** simulations indicate that the seismic stability of slopes with HLFS exhibits a negative correlation with slope height and angle,but a positive correlation with bedding-plane spacing,joint spacing,and bedrock dip *** results of this study can provide a reference for seismic stability evaluation of weathered rock slopes.

关键词： Seismic behavior Horizontal layered Weathered rock slope Shaking table test Failure mode

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Syntheses and properties of associative acrylamide copolymers containing short hydrophobic chains used in a friction reducer for slick-water fracturing

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1889-1901页

作者： Ya-Xing Dai Xian-Li Zhang Si-yuan Liu Feng-Run-ze Zhang Yi-Xi Zhang Yu-Tong Sang Jing-Xi Zheng Zhao-Sheng Liu Peng Zhang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China College of Ecology and Environment Chongqing Resources and Environmental Protection of UniversityChongqing401331China China China Property Project Department of Dezhou Mining Property Service CenterShengli Oilfield Company of SinopecDezhou253000ShandongChina

Two allyldimethylalkyl quaternary ammonium salt(AQAS)monomers,N,N-dimethylallylphenylpropylammonium bromide(AQAS1)and N,N-dimethylallylnonylammonium bromide(AQAS2),were synthesized and used to prepare modified polyacrylamide *** new drag reducers were synthesized from acrylamide(AM),sodium acrylate(Na AA)and a cationic modified monomer(AQAS1 or AQAS2)via aqueous solution polymerization,and the copolymers were named P(AM/Na AA/AQAS1)and P(AM/Na AA/AQAS2),*** structures of the drag reduction agents were confirmed by IR and1H NMR *** molecular weight(Mw)of P(AM/Na AA/AQAS1)was 1.79×10^(6)g/*** the copolymer concentration was 1000 mg/L and the flow rate was 45 L/min,in fresh water the highest drag reduction rate was 75.8%,in 10,000 mg/L Na Cl solution the drag reduction rate decreased to 72.9%.The molecular weight of P(AM/Na AA/AQAS2)was 3.17×10^(6)g/*** the copolymer concentration was500 mg/L and the flow rate was 45 L/min,the drag reduction rate reached 75.2%,and in 10,000 mg/L Na Cl solution the drag reduction rate was 73.3%,decreased by approximately 1.9%.The drag reduction rate for partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide(HPAM)was also investigated,and the results showed that the drag reduction rates for 500 and 1000 mg/L HPAM solutions were merely 43.2%and 49.0%in brine,*** with HPAM,both of the above copolymers presented better drag reduction capacities.

关键词： Shale gas Slick water Drag reducer Modified monomer Copolymerization

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Problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response theory:State of mind and coping styles of depressed mothers after cesarean delivery

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 945-953页

作者： Rui-Fang yuan Mei-Qin jiang Juan Li Jing-Jing Zhang Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Jiangyin People's HospitalJiangyin 214400Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gynecology The Fifth People's Hospital of WuxiWuxi 214000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Obstetrics and Gynecology Ward II Jiangnan University Affiliated HospitalWuxi 214131Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The use of a problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response(SOR)theory for women with postpartum depression after cesarean delivery may inform nursing interventions for women with postpartum *** To explore the state of mind and coping style of women with depression after cesarean delivery guided by SOR *** Eighty postpartum depressed women with cesarean delivery admitted to the hospital between January 2022 and October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups of 40 cases each,according to the random number table *** the control group,the observation group adopted the problem-solving nursing model under SOR *** two groups were consecutively intervened for 12 weeks,and the state of mind,coping styles,and degree of post-partum depression were analyzed at the end of the *** The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24-item scores of the observation group were lower than in the control group after care,and the level of improvement in the state of mind was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The level of coping with illness in the observation group after care(26.48±3.35)was higher than that in the control group(21.73±3.20),and the level of avoidance(12.04±2.68)and submission(8.14±1.15)was lower than that in the control group(15.75±2.69 and 9.95±1.20),with significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Adopting the problem-solving nursing model using SOR theory for postpartum depressed mothers after cesarean delivery reduced maternal depression,improved their state of mind,and coping level with illness.

关键词： Stimulus-organism-response theory Problem solving model Cesarean section Postpartum depression

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Research Progress in Enantioselective Radical Desymmetrization Reactions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第7期6卷 1612-1627页

作者： Chang-jiang Yang Lin Liu Qiang-Shuai Gu Xin-yuan Liu Department of Chemistry and Dongguan Key Laboratory for Data Science and Intelligent Medicine Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000 Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistryand Guangming Advanced Research InstituteSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055 Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055

Enantioselective radical desymmetrization is a highly effective approach for rapidly creating enantioenriched molecules,introducing dramatically increased structural complexity from readily available prochiral or meso compound *** strategic modes have been developed for these reactions,which differ in the nature of the stereo-determining *** first category deals primarily with the stereoselective desymmetrization of closed-shell radical precursors or functional reagents,whereas the second category achieves desymmetrization by stereoselectively functionalizing open-shell radical *** mini-review explores the research progress in this growing field,aiming to elucidate mechanistic scenarios related to stereochemical ***,it offers insights into the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for further development.

关键词： radical desymmetrization enantioselective desymmetrization radical functionalization transition metal catalysis asymmetric catalysis

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Recent Progress in Fabrication and Structural Design of Thermal Conductive Polymer Composites

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 277-291,I0004页

作者： yuan-Kai Du Zheng-Xue Shi Shan Dong Hui Jin Xue Ke Pei Zhao Bing-Bing jiang Feng You Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Material Science and EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Ministry of EducationHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

In recent years, the demand direction for electronic equipment has expanded into embedded and miniaturized devices. The heat radiation problem has become one of the most significant factors for hindering the development of electronic devices. Since heat radiation material is one of the important components in electronic devices, the demand for enhancing thermal conductivity is also increasingly urgent. Research on thermal conductive polymer composites has become a major direction for developing functional composites. This work reviewed the recent progress in the fabrication of thermal conductive polymer composites. Five different structures are presented, including the using of single fillers,hybrid fillers, double threshold percolation structure, segregated structure and other complex multiphase structures. Specifically, the preparation of high-performance thermal conductive polymer composites was introduced through the combination of various thermal conductive ***, the development direction of high thermal conductive polymer composites was briefly explored.

关键词： Thermal conductive polymer Hybrid fillers Polymer composite Thermal resistance

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