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Travel Motivation of Domestic Tourists to the Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve in Northeastern China: A Comparative Study

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第6期12卷 1582-1597页

作者： GU Xiao-ping Bernard J LEWIS LI Yan-quan yu da-pao ZHOU Li ZHOU Wang-ming WU Sheng-nan daI Li-min State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Economics and Management Shenyang Agricultural University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Forestry

This article seeks to develop a fuller understanding of the social and attraction motives of domestic tourists who visit the Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve(CMBR) in Northeastern China. To do so, ecotourists are compared to general travelers visiting this area. A questionnaire was employed to collect data on visitor characteristics and motivations, responses to which were then analyzed via descriptive statistics, T-tests and principal component factor analysis. Results showed that 16% of the visitors to this area were classified as ecotourists, while the remainder general travelers. Five motivations displayed significant differences(P<0.05) between these two types of tourists. Three social motives – boosting self-confidence, feeling at home away from home and being together with family – and two attraction motives – indoor sports and viewing unique landscapes of the CMBR(crater lake, waterfall, gorge and hot spring) – were significantly more important for general travelers(P<0.05); while two social motives of experiencing the tranquility of the natural setting and the natural beauty of the landscape were relatively more important for ecotourists(P<0.1). Results suggest that ecotourists have distinct and complicated attraction and social motives compared to general travelers visiting the CMBR. Results have useful implications for researchers interested in tourist motivations and behavior, as well as for managers who wish to focus their marketing strategies more effectively. National Park of South Africa. Uysal et al.(1994) assessed the travel motives of Australian tourists to U.S. national parks and nature areas and formed five groupings including ‘relaxation/hobbies', ‘novelty', ‘enhancement of kinship relationship', ‘escape', and ‘prestige'. Tao et al.(2004) analyzed motivations of Asian tourists travelling to Taiwan's Taroko National Park using a self-defined approach and found that the most significant benefits sought by self-defined ecotourists are ‘learning

关键词： Social motives Attraction motives Tourist behavior Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve

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Segmentation by domestic visitor motivation: Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1711-1727页

作者： GU Xiao-ping Bernard J.LEWIS NIU Li-jun yu da-pao ZHOU Li ZHOU Wang-ming GONG Zhen-cai TAI Zhi-juan daI Li-min Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Economics and Management Shenyang Agricultural University Changbai Mountain Academy of Sciences Changbai Mountain Protection and Development Zone

Protected areas have become important tourism products that promoted as attractions by the tourism industry. Taking the Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve in Northeast China as a case, this study addresses visitor needs as a basis for developing a tourism strategy aimed at enhancing tourist opportunities at this reserve. A factor-cluster approach was employed to identify visitor segment profiles based on their visit motivations. Through random sampling, a pencil-and-paper questionnaire in Chinese language was collected from 637 domestic tourists in the study area. A principal components analysis of motivations revealed eight motivational factors, and four distinct groups of tourists – Nature travelers, Cultural landscape tourists, Food & shopping enthusiasts, and Eclectic adventurers – were identified. Understanding the differences in these visitor segments will help the management authority effectively analyze nature reserve attributes and provide alternative activities and services to tourists. Finally, within the dual framework of market segmentation and destination management some management recommendations and marketing implications are suggested.

关键词： Tourism motivation Visitor segmentation Ecotourism Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve Principal components analysis

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Dynamics of dominant tree species in a forest ecotone on the northern slop of Changbai Mountain

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Journal of Forestry Research 2006年第3期17卷 216-220页

作者： yu da-pao ZHAI Lian-jiang WANG Qing-li daI Li-min Institute of Apphed Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 P. R. China Forestry Department of Liaonmg Province Shenyang 110014 P. R. China Shenyang Branch Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110005 P. R. China.

The competition and dynamics of dominant trees species in the forest ecotone between the broad-leaved/Korean pine （Pinus koraiensis） mixed forest and the spruce-fir forest （also known as dark conifer forest） in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province in Northeast China were studied by using Lotka-Volterra model, based on the data from twenty-eight sample plots with area of 20 mx90 m for each one. Results showed that under natural condition, differentiation of communities followed two directions： one would be Spruce （Picea jezoensis and few P. koraiensis） and fir （Abies nephrolepis） co-dominant conifer forest, and at the equilibrium fir was absolutely preponderant （77.1% of relative dominance （RD））; the other would be the conifer and broad-leaved mixed forest, and at equilibrium, the broad-leaved tree species was 50% of RD in the broad-leaved/Korean pine mixed forest and 66% of RD in the broad-leaved and spruce-fir mixed forest. The study demonstrated that both broad-leaved/Korean pine mixed forest and dark conifer forest were climax community, the ecotone had transitional characteristics, and the diversification of the forest communities suggested that the direction of succession was affected by local habitat.

关键词： Competition and dynamics Lotka-Volterra model Forest ecotone Changbai Mountain

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Relationships of climate change and tree ring of Betula ermanii tree line forest in Changbai Mountain

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Journal of Forestry Research 2005年第3期16卷 187-192页

作者： yu da-pao GU Hui-yan WANG Jian-dong WANG Qing-li daI Li-min Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy fScience Shenyang 110016 P. R. China Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China Garde s Management Office Urban Constrction Bureau of Jilin City Jilin 132000 P. R. China Shenyang Brach Chinese Academy of Science Shenyang 110005 P. R. China

Based on the tree-ring growth characteristics of Erman＇s birch （Betula ermanii charm.） and the relationships between it and climatic ）＇actors at elevation of 1950m, the sensitivity of tree lines in Changbai Mountain to climatic factors was assessed. The results indicated tree line forest in Changbai Mountain had an obvious sensitivity to climate factors. However, difference from other study sits is that the main climatic control factor on tree-ring growth was not current growth season temperatures, as might be expected, but previous winter and current March temperature. Although the precipitation in the region was quite abundant, the tree-ring growth was still significantly correlated with the precipitation during previous winter and current spring. Additionally, climatic factors which influenced the Erman＇s birch growth were not the yearly variables, but seasonal and monthly variables. Therefore, the reported increase in yearly mean temperature and total yearly precipitation since 1980s was not responded by sustained increase in ring widths in recent decades.

关键词： Climatic change dendrochronology Erman's birch Tree line in Changbai Mountain

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长白山区阔叶红松林经营历史与研究历程

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应用生态学报 2019年第5期30卷 1426-1434页

作者：于大炮周旺明周莉代力民中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室沈阳110016

长白山区位于中国东北东部的山地森林区,地带性植被是阔叶红松林,是我国珍贵木材生产和东北森林带的重要载体,孕育着丰富的物种资源.短短120年来,长白山区广袤的原始森林几乎消失殆尽,被次生林、过伐林和人工林等替代.建国以来,东北的... 详细信息

长白山区位于中国东北东部的山地森林区,地带性植被是阔叶红松林,是我国珍贵木材生产和东北森林带的重要载体,孕育着丰富的物种资源.短短120年来,长白山区广袤的原始森林几乎消失殆尽,被次生林、过伐林和人工林等替代.建国以来,东北的阔叶红松林经营理论与技术在红松更新规律、皆伐与择伐的争论中,在人们对阔叶红松林结构和功能认识不断深入的过程中逐渐完善.但目前红松更新问题依然存在,森林经营依然十分粗放.本文梳理了过去70年来阔叶红松林的经营历史及研究历程,分析当前森林资源类型和经营制度的形成过程,以期为该区天然林可持续经营和质量的精准提升等提供借鉴.

关键词：阔叶红松林经营历史研究历程长白山区

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不同海拔长白山岳桦的生理变化

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生态学报 2009年第5期29卷 2279-2285页

作者：吴栋栋周永斌于大炮戴冠华沈阳农业大学林学院沈阳110161 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所沈阳110016 中国科学院长白山森林生态系统定位研究站二道白河133613

通过分析长白山国家级自然保护区内不同海拔(A1:1700 m,A2:1800 m,A3:1900 m,A4:2000 m,A5:2050 m)梯度岳桦叶片中各种生理指标含量的变化,探讨了林线树木适应高山环境的生理机制。结果表明:随着海拔的升高,比叶面积(SLA)显著减小,A5与A... 详细信息

通过分析长白山国家级自然保护区内不同海拔(A1:1700 m,A2:1800 m,A3:1900 m,A4:2000 m,A5:2050 m)梯度岳桦叶片中各种生理指标含量的变化,探讨了林线树木适应高山环境的生理机制。结果表明:随着海拔的升高,比叶面积(SLA)显著减小,A5与A1相比下降了35.90%,差异达到显著水平;叶绿素含量随海拔梯度升高而降低,但叶绿素a/b比值(Chla/Chlb)和Car的相对含量(Car/Chl)随海拔梯度升高而增加;在海拔1900 m左右,Mda含量和MP均处于最低水平,各种酶的活性均为最低;当海拔超过2000 m,接近森林分布的界限时,Mda含量和MP升高,并达到最大值,各种酶的活性都出现了一定程度的下降。综合本次研究表明,在海拔1900 m比较适合岳桦的生长;海拔超过2000 m,岳桦体内生理抗性下降,不利于岳桦的生长发育,因此高海拔限制了岳桦的分布。

关键词：岳桦海拔比叶面积抗氧化系统生理生态

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OsCPK12 phosphorylates OsCATA and OsCATC to regulate H2O2 homeostasis and improve oxidative stress tolerance in rice

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Plant Communications 2024年第3期5卷 179-196页

作者： Beifang Wang pao Xue Yingxin Zhang Xiaodeng Zhan Weixun Wu Ping yu daibo Chen Junlin Fu Yongbo Hong Xihong Shen Lianping Sun Shihua Cheng Qunen Liu Liyong Cao State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China Northern Rice Research Center of Bao Qing Shuangyashan 155600China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China

Calcium-dependent protein kinases(CPKs),the best-characterized calcium sensors in plants,regulate many aspects of plant growth and development as well as plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic ***,how CPKs regulate the antioxidant defense system remains largely *** previously found that impaired function of OsCPK12 leads to oxidative stress in rice,with more H2O2,lower catalase(CAT)activity,and lower ***,we explored the roles of OsCPK12 in oxidative stress tolerance in *** results show that OsCPK12 interacts with and phosphorylates OsCATA and OsCATC at *** of either OsCATA or OsCATC leads to an oxidative stress phenotype accompanied by higher accumulation of *** of the phosphomimetic proteins OsCATAS11D and OsCATCS11D in oscpk12-cr reduced the level of H2O2 ***,OsCATAS11D and OsCATCS11D showed enhanced catalase activity in vivo and in ***12-overexpressing plants exhibited higher CAT activity as well as higher tolerance to oxidative *** demonstrate that OsCPK12 affects CAT enzyme activity by phosphorylating OsCATA and OsCATC at Ser11 to regulate H2O2 homeostasis,thereby mediating oxidative stress tolerance in rice.

关键词： OsCPK12 OsCATs oxidative tolerance Oryza sativa L

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吉林省森林生态系统的碳储量、碳密度及其分布

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应用生态学报 2011年第8期22卷 2013-2020页

作者：王新闯齐光于大炮周莉代力民中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室沈阳110164 河南理工大学河南焦作454000 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

利用森林资源二类调查汇总数据和标准地实测数据,研究吉林省森林生态系统的碳密度、碳储量及其组分和分布特征.结果表明:吉林省森林生态系统碳储量为1827.293TgC,其中乔木层、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层的碳储量分别为439.152、5.195、45... 详细信息

利用森林资源二类调查汇总数据和标准地实测数据,研究吉林省森林生态系统的碳密度、碳储量及其组分和分布特征.结果表明:吉林省森林生态系统碳储量为1827.293TgC,其中乔木层、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层的碳储量分别为439.152、5.195、45.600和1330.466TgC,分别占总碳量的24.1%、0.3%、2.5%和73.1%.吉林省森林生态系统碳密度为***-2,各层碳密度的大小顺序为土壤层(***-2)>乔木层(***-2)>枯落物层(***-2)>灌草层(***-2).不同类型森林生态系统碳储量在9.357～959.716TgC,碳密度在180.648～***-2之间,各林型分配特征表现为土壤层最大、灌草层最小.全省森林生态系统碳储量和碳密度的空间分布总体上为东部山区高、中西部平原地区低.吉林省森林中中龄林分比重大,若对现有森林加以更好的管理,可以增加其碳吸存潜力.

关键词：森林生态系统碳储量碳密度分布特征吉林省

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长白山阔叶红松林生产力随林分发育的变化

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应用生态学报 2020年第3期31卷 706-716页

作者：李旭华于大炮代力民孙建新北京林业大学北京100083 四川省林业科学研究院成都610081 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室沈阳110016

林龄是影响森林生态系统碳储量和碳通量的一个关键因子。量化森林生产力随林分发育的变化规律,对于优化林龄结构,促进资源利用最大化,更好地发挥森林在调节CO2吸收、储存和释放中的作用十分重要。本研究采用空间代替时间法,在露水河林... 详细信息

林龄是影响森林生态系统碳储量和碳通量的一个关键因子。量化森林生产力随林分发育的变化规律,对于优化林龄结构,促进资源利用最大化,更好地发挥森林在调节CO2吸收、储存和释放中的作用十分重要。本研究采用空间代替时间法,在露水河林区设置12块不同发育阶段的阔叶红松林样地,运用经本地参数化的Biome-BGC模型,模拟了阔叶红松林净初级生产力(NPP)随林分发育的动态变化,分析了阔叶红松林NPP在4种发育情景模式下随林分发育的变化规律。结果表明:不同龄组阔叶红松林的生物量表现为幼龄林<中龄林<成熟林<过熟林,其平均生物量分别为(224.35±20.68)、(237.23±39.96)、(259.16±19.51)和(357.57±84.74)t·hm^-2。模型模拟的不同发育阶段阔叶红松林NPP的变化范围为489.8~588 g C·m^-2·a^-1,模拟结果与MODIS观测结果有较好的一致性,反映了Biome-BGC模型模拟阔叶红松林碳通量的合理性和准确性。模型模拟的阔叶红松林NPP随林分发育呈先增加后下降的变化趋势,在中龄林时达到最高,过熟林时最低。4种阔叶红松林发育动态情景模式下的NPP变化特征表明,在起始状态为人工种植红松林的自然发育和发育过程中对阔叶树实施采伐控制的两种情景下,成熟林时期NPP最高;而在起始状态为天然次生白桦林的自然发育和经人为采伐动态控制的两种情景下,均表现为幼龄期NPP最高。

关键词：净初级生产力生物量林分发育 Biome-BGC模型

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辽宁省生物多样性保护优先区识别

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应用生态学报 2020年第5期31卷 1673-1681页

作者：高昌源付保荣李晓军于大炮巩宗强辽宁大学环境学院沈阳110036 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所沈阳110016 中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室沈阳110016

生物多样性保护优先区是我国为加强生物多样性保护划定的重要区域,辽宁省境内目前并无此类优先区,弥补相关缺失具有重要意义。本研究通过对生态系统保护、人类影响和生物多样性保护区划3个准则层7个指标进行计算,依次获得辽宁省生物多... 详细信息

生物多样性保护优先区是我国为加强生物多样性保护划定的重要区域,辽宁省境内目前并无此类优先区,弥补相关缺失具有重要意义。本研究通过对生态系统保护、人类影响和生物多样性保护区划3个准则层7个指标进行计算,依次获得辽宁省生物多样性保护优先区指标值、准则层值和优先区识别综合值,结合辽宁省县(市)行政边界和自然保护区边界数据,确定了辽宁西部和东部生物多样性保护优先区的建议地域范围。其中,辽宁西部生物多样性保护优先区面积为12951 km^2,森林覆盖率为53.6%,包括9个省级以上自然保护区,以水土保持作为区域重要生态功能;辽宁东部生物多样性保护优先区面积为20057 km^2,森林覆盖率为78.9%,包括8个省级以上自然保护区,以水源涵养作为区域重要生态功能。上述优先区是国家和省级保护物种的集中分布区,也是辽宁省重要生态系统的分布区,亟待开展生物多样性保护工作。

关键词：生物多样性保护优先区生态系统人类影响自然保护区

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