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Specific Patterns of Auxin-controlled Cytokinin Distribution Are Essential for Stem Cell Induction during Shoot Regeneration

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Specific Patterns of Auxin-controlled Cytokinin Distribution...

Preparation of FeCoNi medium entropy alloy from Fe^(3+)-Co^(2+)-Ni^(2+)solution system

植物分子生物学与现代农业——2010全国植物生物学研讨会

作者： Zhi Juan cheng,Chao Zhou,Ying Hua Su,Wei Li,Liang Wang,Tian Tian Sun,Wei Sun,Xiang Yu zhao,Xing Guo Li,youfa cheng,yunde zhao,Qi Xie,and Xian Sheng Zhang

Shoot regeneration is an important mechanism for in vitro plant *** process is mainly mediated by plant hormones cytokinin and *** is believed that the induction of stem cells is important for plant meristem establish...

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 92-101页

作者： Zongyou cheng Qing zhao Mengjie Tao Jijun Du Xingxi Huang chengjun Liu Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Engineering Research Center of Frontier Technologies for Low-carbon Steelmaking(Ministry of Education) Shenyang 110819China

In recent years,medium entropy alloys have become a research hotspot due to their excellent physical and chemical *** controlling reasonable elemental composition and processing parameters,the medium entropy alloys can exhibit similar properties to high entropy alloys and have lower *** this paper,a FeCoNi medium entropy alloy precursor was prepared via sol-gel and coprecipitation methods,respectively,and FeCoNi medium entropy alloys were prepared by carbothermal and hydrogen *** phases and magnetic properties of FeCoNi medium entropy alloy were *** showed that FeCoNi medium entropy alloy was produced by carbothermal and hydrogen reduction at 1500℃.Some carbon was detected in the FeCoNi medium entropy alloy prepared by carbothermal *** alloy prepared by hydrogen reduction was uniform and showed a relatively high ***,the hydrogen reduction product exhibited better saturation magnetization and lower coercivity.

关键词： medium entropy alloy sol-gel co-precipitation carbothermal hydrogen reduction

Lipid droplets in the nervous system:involvement in cell metabolic homeostasis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 740-750页

作者： Yuchen Zhang Yiqing Chen cheng Zhuang Jingxuan Qi Robert Chunhua zhao Jiao Wang School of Life Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy BeijingChina

Lipid droplets serve as primary storage organelles for neutral lipids in neurons,glial cells,and other cells in the nervous *** droplet formation begins with the synthesis of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic ***,lipid droplets were recognized for their role in maintaining lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis;however,recent research has shown that lipid droplets are highly adaptive organelles with diverse functions in the nervous *** addition to their role in regulating cell metabolism,lipid droplets play a protective role in various cellular stress ***,lipid droplets exhibit specific functions in neurons and glial *** of lipid droplet formation leads to cellular dysfunction,metabolic abnormalities,and nervous system *** review aims to provide an overview of the role of lipid droplets in the nervous system,covering topics such as biogenesis,cellular specificity,and ***,it will explore the association between lipid droplets and neurodegenerative *** the involvement of lipid droplets in cell metabolic homeostasis related to the nervous system is crucial to determine the underlying causes and in exploring potential therapeutic approaches for these diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease lipid droplet biogenesis lipid droplets lipid metabolism nervous system neurodegenerative disorders oxidative stress Parkinson's disease

“Zero‑Strain” NiNb_(2)O_(6) Fibers for All‑Climate Lithium Storage

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 348-360页

作者： Yan zhao Qiang Yuan Liting Yang Guisheng Liang Yifeng cheng Limin Wu Chunfu Lin Renchao Che College of Physics Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Materials for Energy and EnvironmentQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering&TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100People’s Republic of China Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021People’s Republic of China

Niobates are promising all-climate Li^(+)-storage anode material due to their fast charge transport,large specific capacities,and resistance to electrolyte ***,their moderate unit-cellvolume expansion(generally 5%–10%)during Li^(+)storage causes unsatisfactory long-term ***,“zero-strain”NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers are explored as a new anode material with comprehensively good electrochemical *** Li^(+)storage,the expansion of electrochemical inactive NiO_(6) octahedra almost fully offsets the shrinkage of active NbO_(6) octahedra through reversible O *** superior volume-accommodation capability of the NiO_(6) layers guarantees the“zero-strain”behavior of NiNb_(2)O_(6) in a broad temperature range(0.53%//0.51%//0.74%at 25//−10//60℃),leading to the excellent cyclability of the NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers(92.8%//99.2%//91.1%capacity retention after 1000//2000//1000 cycles at 10C and 25//−10//60℃).This NiNb_(2)O_(6) material further exhibits a large reversible capacity(300//184//318 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and 25//−10//60℃)and outstanding rate performance(10 to 0.5C capacity percentage of 64.3%//50.0%//65.4%at 25//−10//60℃).Therefore,the NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers are especially suitable for large-capacity,fast-charging,long-life,and all-climate lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： NiNb_(2)O_(6)porous fiber “Zero-strain”mechanism Electrochemical property Harsh-temperature operation Operando characterization

NPY Genes Play an Essential Role in Root Gravitropic Responses in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 171-179页

作者： Yuanting Li Xinhua Dai youfa cheng yunde zhao Section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA92093-0116 USA Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Agroecology of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Present address: Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Plants can sense the direction of gravity and orient their growth to ensure that roots are anchored in soil and that shoots grow upward. Gravitropism has been studied extensively using Arabidopsis genetics, but the exact mecha- nisms for gravitropism are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that five NPY genes play a key role in Arabidopsis root gravitropism. NPYgenes were previously identified as regulators of auxin-mediated organogenesis in a genetic pathway with the AGC kinases PID, PID2, WAG1, and WAG2. We show that all five NPYgenes are highly expressed in primary root tips. The single npy mutants do not display obvious gravitropism defects, but the npyl npy2 npy3 npy4 npy5 quin- tuple mutants show dramatic gravitropic phenotypes. Systematic analysis of all the npy double, triple, and quadruple combinations demonstrates that the five NPY genes all contribute to gravitropism. Our work indicates that gravitropism, phototropism, and organogenesis use analogous mechanisms in which at least one AGC kinase, one NPH3/NPY gene, and one ARF are required.

关键词： Light signaling signal transduction development root biology auxin.

Hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease via Nrf2

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1776-1788页

作者： Zige Jiang Dexiang Liu Tingting Li chengcheng Gai Danqing Xin Yijing zhao Yan Song Yahong cheng Tong Li Zhen Wang Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceChina Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics School of Basic Medicine SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Surgery Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

The pathophysiology of Huntington's disease involves high levels of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid accumulation results in oxidative stress, which leads to neurotoxicity. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which quinolinic acid contributes to Huntington's disease pathology remain unknown. In this study, we established in vitro and in vivo models of Huntington's disease by administering quinolinic acid to the PC12 neuronal cell line and the striatum of mice, respectively. We observed a decrease in the levels of hydrogen sulfide in both PC12 cells and mouse serum, which was accompanied by down-regulation of cystathionine β-synthase, an enzyme responsible for hydrogen sulfide production. However, treatment with NaHS(a hydrogen sulfide donor) increased hydrogen sulfide levels in the neurons and in mouse serum, as well as cystathionine β-synthase expression in the neurons and the mouse striatum, while also improving oxidative imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells and the mouse striatum. These beneficial effects correlated with upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression. Finally, treatment with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2inhibitor ML385 reversed the beneficial impact of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on quinolinic acid-induced oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings show that hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,suggesting that hydrogen sulfide is a novel neuroprotective drug candidate for treating patients with Huntington's disease.

关键词： apoptosis cystathionine-β-synthase nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Huntington's disease hydrogen sulfide mitochondrion neuroplasticity oxidative stress quinolinic acid reactive oxygen species

Self-processing of ribozyme-flanked RNAs into guide RNAs in vitro and in vivo for CRISPR-mediated genome editing

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第4期56卷 343-349页

作者： Yangbin Gao yunde zhao Section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa Jolla CA 92093-0116 USA

CRISPR/Cas9 uses a guide RNA （gRNA） molecule to execute sequence-specific DNA cleavage and it has been widely used for genome editing in many organisms. Modifications at either end of the gRNAs often render Cas9/gRNA inactive. So far, production of gRNA in vivo has only been achieved by using the U6 and U3 snRNA promoters. However, the U6 and U3 promoters have major limitations such as a lack of cell specificity and unsuitability for in vitro transcription. Here, we present a versatile method for efficiently producing gRNAs both in vitro and in vivo. We design an artificial gene named RGR that, once transcribed, generates an RNA molecule with ribozyme sequences at both ends of the designed gRNA. We show that the primary transcripts of RGR undergo self-catalyzed cleavage to generate the desired gRNA, which can efficiently guide sequence-specific cleavage of DNA targets both in vitro and in yeast. RGR can be transcribed from any promoters and thus allows for cell- and tissue-specific genome editing if appropriate promoters are chosen. Detecting mutations generated by CRISPR is often achieved by enzyme digestions, which are not very compatible with high-throughput analysis. Our system allows for the use of universal primers to produce any gRNAs in vitro, which can then be used with Cas9 protein to detect mutations caused by the gRNAs/CRISPR. In conclusion, we provide a versatile method for generating targeted mutations in specific cells and tissues, and for efficiently detecting the mutations generated.

关键词： CAS9 CRISPR DNA digestion gRNA genome genomeediting in vitro transcription ribozyme

Epigenetic Suppression of T-DNA Insertion Mutants in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 539-545页

作者： Yangbin Gao yunde zhao Section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0116 USA

T-DNA insertion mutants have been widely used to define gene functions in Arabidopsis and in other plants. Here, we report an unexpected phenomenon of epigenetic suppression of T-DNA insertion mutants in Arabidopsis. When the two T-DNA insertion mutants, yucl-1 and ag-TD, were crossed together, the defects in all of the ag-TD plants in the F2 popumation were partially suppressed regardless of the presence of yucl-1. Conversion of ag-TD to the suppressed ag- TD （named as ag-TD＊） did not follow the laws of Mendelian genetics. The ag-TD＊ could be stably transmitted for many generations without reverting to ag-TD, and ag-TD^＊ had the capacity to convert ag-TD to ag-TD^＊. We show that epige-netic suppression of T-DNA mutants is not a rare event, but certain structural features in the T-DNA mutants are needed in order for the suppression to take place. The suppressed T-DNA mutants we observed were all intronic T-DNA mutants and the T-DNA fragments in both the trigger T-DNA as well as in the suppressed T-DNA shared stretches of identical sequences. We demonstrate that the suppression of intronic T-DNA mutants is mediated by trans-interactions between two T-DNA insertions. This work shows that caution is needed when intronic T-DNA mutants are used.

关键词： epigenetics T-DNA mutant genetic suppression trans-interaction YUC.

Technological breakthroughs in generating transgene-free and genetically stable CRISPR-edited plants

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aBIOTECH 2020年第1期1卷 88-96页

作者： Yubing He yunde zhao National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093-0116USA

CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technologies have been very effective in editing target genes in all major crop plants and offer unprecedented potentials in crop improvement.A major challenge in using CRISPR gene-editing technology for agricultural applications is that the target gene-edited crop plants need to be transgene free to maintain trait stability and to gain regulatory approval for commercial *** this article,we present various strategies for generating transgene-free and target geneedited crop *** CRISPR transgenes can be removed by genetic segregation if the crop plants are reproduced ***-assisted tracking and eliminating transgenes greatly decrease the time and labor needed for identifying the ideal transgene-free *** can be programed to undergo self-elimination when CRISPR genes and suicide genes are sequentially activated,greatly accelerating the isolation of transgene-free and target gene-edited ***-free plants can also be generated using approaches that are considered non-transgenic such as ribonucleoprotein transfection,transient expression of transgenes without DNA integration,and ***,we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the various strategies in generating transgene-free plants and provide guidance for adopting the best strategies in editing a crop plant.

关键词： CRISPR Transgene-free Marker-assisted selection TKC Cas9 gene editing