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Enter a City Gallant-Clowns in the Jacobean Theater

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2018年第6期8卷 880-891页

作者： kobayashi,Yuko Tokyo University of Science TokyoJapan

Economic growth and social stability in the late sixteenth century brought unprecedented prosperity to the city of London. As Thomas Platter observed in 1599, most of the inhabitants were employed in commerce, and merchants accumulated their wealth. After his accession to the throne, King James generously distributed honors to wealthy merchants and others. Titles became a salable commodity. The sale of honors impaired respect for the titles and aroused bitter feelings and contempt for knighthood and baronetage among citizens. Gentlemen and ladies who suddenly rose to dignity tried to act suitably in their new status and dressed themselves up; yet they often became the subject for laughter. These upstarts were represented in contemporary dramas as ridiculous, contemptuous, and ill-mannered. The fancifully-dressed “city clowns” who came into being in the first decades of the seventeenth century, were found not only on stage but also in and outside of theaters.

关键词： Jacobean drama stage clown city gallant stage costume

Feasibility of laparoscopic total gastrectomy in overweight patients: Implications of less impact of overweight on laparoscopic versus open approach

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2018年第16期6卷 1094-1100页

作者： Masatoshi Nakagawa Kazuyuki Kojima Mikito Inokuchi Kenta kobayashi Toshiro Tanioka Keisuke Okuno Kentaro Gokita Department of Gastric Surgery Tokyo Medical and Dental University Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery Tokyo Medical and Dental University

AIM To investigate safety and oncological feasibility of laparoscopic total gastrectomy(LTG) in overweight(OW) *** Patients who underwent total gastrectomy(110 laparoscopic, 211 open) for gastric cancer between January 1999 and July 2016 were included. Propensity score matching selected 152 patients(76 laparoscopic, 76 open), which were subsequently divided into the OW(≥ 25) or non-OW(< 25) group by body mass index. Postoperative outcomes of laparoscopic versus open approaches were compared between OW and non-OW groups. RESULTS In the propensity-matched population, baseline characteristics were comparable between the OW and nonOW groups for the laparoscopy and open groups. In the laparoscopy group, operative time was longer(P = 0.01) in the OW group, however, other perioperative results including complication rates were comparable between the non-OW and OW groups. In the open group, number of retrieved lymph nodes were less(P = 0.03) and local complication rate was more frequent(P = 0.03) in the OW group. CONCLUSION LTG in OW patients remains technically challenging but can be performed safely. Our findings imply that OW has a lesser effect on the laparoscopic versus open approach to total gastrectomy.

关键词： Gastric cancer Laparoscopy Overweight Total gastrectomy

Helianthus tuberosus(Jerusalem artichoke) tubers improve glucose tolerance and hepatic lipid profile in rats fed a high-fat diet

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第5期10卷 418-422页

作者： Naoto Okada Shinya kobayashi Kouta Moriyama Kohsuke Miyataka Shinji Abe ChiemiSato Kazuyoshi Kawazoe Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy Institute of Biomedical SciencesTokushima University Graduate School Department of Pharmacy Tokushima University Hospital Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Faculty of Medicine Tokushima University

Objective:To analyze the effects of feeding Helianthus tuberosus(HT) tubers on glucose tolerance and lipid profile in rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD). Methods:A normal HFD or HFD including 10 w/w% HT tubers(HFD + HT) was fed to F334/Jcl rats. After 10 weeks,organ weights,glucose tolerance,and lipid profile were analyzed. Results:The body weight,liver weight,and epidermal fat content in the HFD group were higher than those of the normal group,and similar to those of the HFD + HT group. The oral glucose tolerance test at 10 weeks revealed that the blood glucose level 30 minutes after beginning the test in the HFD + HT group was significantly lower than that in the HFD group. Liver triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were significantly lower than those in the HFD group. Fecal triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were higher than those in the HFD group. Histological analyses revealed that fat and glycogen accumulation increased in the HFD group,but decreased in the HFD + HT group. Conclusions:These results indicate that HT tubers have anti-fatty liver effects based on improvements in glucose tolerance and the hepatic lipid profile.

关键词： Helianthus tuberosus Glucose tolerance Hepatic lipid profile

Structural changes concurrent with ferromagnetic transition

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第4期22卷 1-16页

作者：杨森鲍慧新周超王宇任晓兵宋晓平 Yoshitaka Matsushita Yoshio Katsuya Masahiko Tanaka Keisuke kobayashi Frontier Institute of Science and Technology MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Ferroic Physics Group National Institute for Materials Science National Institute for Materials Science Beamline BL15XU Spring-8 1-1-1 Kohto Sayo-cho Hyogo 679-5148 Japan

Ferromagnetic transition has generally been considered to involve only an ordering of magnetic moment with no change in the host crystal structure or symmetry, as evidenced by a wealth of crystal structure data from conventional X-ray diffractometry （XRD）. However, the existence of magnetostriction in all known ferromagnetic systems indicates that the magnetic moment is coupled to the crystal lattice; hence there is a possibility that magnetic ordering may cause a change in crystal structure. With the development of high-resolution synchrotron XRD, more and more magnetic transitions have been found to be accompanied by simultaneous structural changes. In this article, we review our recent progress in understand- ing the structural change at a ferromagnetic transition, including synchrotron XRD evidence of structural changes at the ferromagnetic transition, a phenomenological theory of crystal structure changes accompanying ferromagnetic transitions, new insight into magnetic morphotropic phase boundaries （MPB） and so on. Two intriguing implications of non-centric symmetry in the ferromagnetic phase and the first-order nature of ferromagnetic transition are also discussed here. In short, this review is intended to give a self-consistent and logical account of structural change occurring simultaneously with a ferromagnetic transition, which may provide new insight for developing highly magneto-responsive materials.

关键词： ferromagnetic transition crystal structure morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) magnetostriction multiferroicity

Lewis acid-driven reaction pathways in synergistic cooperative catalysis over gold/palladium bimetallic nanoparticles for hydrogen autotransfer reaction between amide and alcohol

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2016年第10期37卷 1662-1668页

作者： Hiroyuki Miyamura Satoshi Isshiki Hyemin Min Shu kobayashi 东京大学理学院化学系日本东京113-0033

Metal nanoparticle catalysts, especially gold and its bimetallic nanoparticle catalysts, have been widely used in organic transformations as powerful and green catalysts. The concept of employing two distinct catalysts in one reaction system, such as in cooperative and synergistic catalysis, is a powerful strategy in homogeneous catalysis. However, the adaption of such a strategy to metal nanoparticle catalysis is still under development. Recently, we have found that cooperative catalytic systems of gold/palladium bimetallic nanoparticles and Lewis acid can be used for the N‐alkylation of primary amides through hydrogen autotransfer reaction between amide and alcohol. Herein, the results of a detailed investigation into the effects of Lewis acids on this hydrogen autotransfer reac‐tion are reported. It was found that the choice of Lewis acid affected not only the reaction pathway leading to the desired product, but also other reaction pathways that produced several intermedi‐ates and by‐products. Weak Lewis acids, such as alkaline‐earth metal triflates, were found to be optimal for the desired N‐alkylation of amides.

关键词： Gold Palladium Bimetallic nanoparticle Lewis acid Amide synthesis Hydrogen autotransfer

New Insights into the Growth Mechanism and Surface Structure of Palladium Nanocrystals

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Nano Research 2010年第3期3卷 180-188页

作者： Byungkwon Lim Hirokazu kobayashi Pedro H.G.Camargo Lawrence F.Allard Jingyue Liu Younan Xia Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63130USA Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37831USA Center for Nanoscience and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Missouri-St.LouisSt.LouisMissouri 63121USA

This paper presents a systematic study of the growth mechanism for Pd nanobars synthesized by reducing Na_(2)PdCl_(4) with L-ascorbic acid in an aqueous solution in the presence of bromide ions as a capping *** electron microscopy(TEM)and high-resolution TEM analyses revealed that the growth at early stages of the synthesis was dominated by particle coalescence,followed by shape focusing via recrystallization and further growth via atomic *** also investigated the detailed surface structure of the nanobars using aberration-corrected scanning TEM and found that the exposed{100}surfaces contained several types of defects such as an adatom island,a vacancy pit,and atomic *** thermal annealing,the nanobars evolved into a more thermodynamically favored shape with enhanced truncation at the corners.

关键词： Palladium nanocrystals growth coalescence surface evolution

Number and distribution of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the Japanese pediatric gastrointestinal tract:in search of a definition for"abnormally increased eosinophils"

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第3期19卷 251-260页

作者： Mai Iwaya Shota kobayashi Yoshiko Nakayama Sawako Kato Shingo Kurasawa Tomomitsu Sado Yugo lwaya Takeshi Uehara Hiroyoshi Ota Department of Laboratory Medicine Shinshu University Hospital3-1-1 AsahiMatsumotoNaganoJapan Department of Pediatrics Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineShinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan Department of Laboratory Medicine Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences School of Health SciencesShinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan

Background Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders(EGIDs)constitute chronic allergic *** number of eosinophils is one of the diagnostic criteria;more than 20 eosinophils per high-power field(HPF)in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract are considered abnormal in ***,the quantity of eosinophils considered normal varies according to anatomical location and geographical region;such values have not been reported in Japanese pediatric patients,nor have the numbers of lymphocytes in the normal pediatric *** establish a reference for defining diagnostic criteria for EGIDs,we evaluated the number of eosinophils in the normal Japanese pediatric GI *** We examined 131 biopsy cases without significant clinical history,endoscopic abnormality,or histological *** analysis of CD3 and CD20 was *** The mean eosinophil density was highest in the cecum(49.5±22.4 per HPF).Counts of more than 20 eosinophils per HPF were observed in the duodenum[bulb(20.0±9.6)and second portion(30.0±15.8)],terminal ileum(38.3±22.7),cecum(49.5±22.4),ascending colon(42.3±25.3),transverse colon(29.4±17.0),and descending colon(32.2±17.9).Counts of fewer than 10 eosinophils per HPF were observed in the stomach and rectum;a count of fewer than one eosinophil per HPF was observed in the *** than 100 CD3-positive T cells per HPF were observed in the *** The mean numbers of eosinophils in the bowel were greater than 20 per *** Japanese pediatrics,the cur-rent threshold eosinophil count should be revised.

关键词： Eosinophil Gastrointestinal tract Japanese Lymphocyte Normal Pediatrics

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日本水泥质量标准现状（英文）

硅酸盐学报 2015年第10期43卷 1467-1474页

作者： Hisanobu TANAKA Hideki KONDOU Shigeru TAKAHASHI Koichi kobayashi Technical Management Committee of Japan Cement Association MITSUBISHI MATERIALS CORPORATION R & D Laboratory Japan Cement Association Basic Research on Cement/Environment Group Japan Cement Association Cement Quality Assurance Group Japan Cement Association

介绍了当前日本水泥质量标准的基本情况。分析了目前日本水泥的供求和分配状况。介绍了日本水泥的质量标准大纲、日本的水泥检测方法和国际标准之间的关系和异同、混凝土耐久性的与水泥质量标准之间的关系,以及日本水泥相关的法律和法... 详细信息

介绍了当前日本水泥质量标准的基本情况。分析了目前日本水泥的供求和分配状况。介绍了日本水泥的质量标准大纲、日本的水泥检测方法和国际标准之间的关系和异同、混凝土耐久性的与水泥质量标准之间的关系,以及日本水泥相关的法律和法规的情况。比较了欧洲与日本的水泥质量标准。

关键词：水泥质量标准日本工业标准欧洲标准

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Leaf Length and Leaf Width in Rice ***64 Derived Lines

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第6期52卷 578-584页

作者： Muhammad Farooq Analiza G.Tagle Rizza E.Santos Leodegario A.Ebron Daisuke Fujita Nobuya kobayashi International Rice Research Institute(IRRI) Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture Faisalabad

The present study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for leaf size traits in IR64 introgression lines （INLs）. For this purpose, selected F2 populations derived from crosses between recurrent parent IR64 and its derived INLs, unique for leaf length and leaf width, were used to confirm QTLs. A total of eight QTLs, mapped on three chromosomes, were identified for the four leaf size traits in six F2 populations. A QTL for leaf length, qLLnpt-1, in HKL69 was identified around simple sequence repeat （SSR） marker RM3709 on chromosome 1. Two QTLs for flag leaf length, qFLLnpt-2 and qFLLnpt-4, in HFG39 were indentified on chromosomes 2 and 4, respectively. For flag leaf width, a QTL, qFLWnpt-4, in HFG39 was identified around RM17483 on chromosome 4. While another QTL for flag leaf width, qFLWnpt-1, in HFG27 was identified around RM3252 on chromosome 1. A QTL for leaf width, qLWnpt-2, in HKL75 was identified around RM7451 on chromosome 2. For leaf width, two QTLs, qLWnpt-4a, qLWnpt-4b, in HKL48 and HKL99 were identified around RM7208 and RM6909, respectively on chromosome 4. Results from this study suggest the possibilities to use marker-assisted selection and pyramiding these QTLs to improve rice water productivity.

关键词： QTLs Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Leaf Length and Leaf Width in Rice cv.IR64 Derived Lines IR