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Does flexible small-diameter colonoscope reduce insertion pain during colonoscopy?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第5期6卷 659-663页

作者： yoshiharu uno Akihiro Munakata First Department of Medicine School of MedicineHirosaki University036- 8216Japan

AIM It is well known that colonoscopy can bedifficult due to abdominal pain induced duringcolonoscope insertion,if sedative agents are ***,an extra-flexible,small-diameter colonoscope(CF-SV,Olympus Inc.,Japan)was developed in order to improve safetyand *** aim of this study was toaccess the usefulness of the *** One hundred patients undergoingsigmoidoscopy were recruited and colonoscopywas performed by one ***,a routine-type colonoscope(CF-2301)was inserted into the colon *** the patient complained ofabdominal pain(even if mild),the scope wasnot advanced further and was withdrawn afterthe anatomic location of its tip was ***,the CF-SV was inserteduntil it reached the cecun or the site whereabdominal pain *** abdominalsurgery and abdominal disease were consideredas unfavorable factors(UF)and the relationshipbetween abdominal pain and UF,age and genderwere ***,the colonicinsertion pressures in 36 patients with abdominalpain were measured with a force *** Thirty-four cases(34%)felt no painwith the CF-2301 and successful pancolon-0scopies to the cecum were ***-six cases(66%)complained of abdominal *** procedure was painless for 47% of men and24% of women,*** CF-2301 scopefailed to reach the sigmoid-descending colon junctions in 59(89.4%)of the 66 patientscomplaining of abdominal ***,CF-SVreached proximal area in 94.9% of those whofailed with *** median pressure forpain-inducing was 700 g/cm^*** Unsedated patients with UFwere prone to complain of pain when thestandard-type CF-2301 scope was *** developed extra-flexible CF-SV is usefulfor the aged and for those with UF or being proneto suffer from abdominal *** agentsmay be unnecessary if this new type ofcolonoscope is used.

关键词： colonoscopy abdominal pain flexible colonoscope insertion pressure unfavorable factors sigmoidoscopy

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Pilot Study on Gas Patterns of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Following Ingestion of Lactulose

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第11期5卷 155-163页

作者： yoshiharu uno Office uno Colum Hyogo Japan Oroku-Hospital Okinawa Japan

Background & Aims: Fermentation site and increasing time of symptomatic gas would be different between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). The aim of this study was to determine the time for increase in abdominal gas following ingestion of lactulose and the possibility of differential diagnosis of SIBO and IBS. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on a series of IBS patients (n = 14) who were referred to the Oroku-Hospital (Okinawa, Japan) from June 6, 2014 to December 30, 2014. Imaging was first performed in early morning after fasting. After ingestion of lactulose, 1 - 4 plain abdominal radiographs were taken for investigation of increased gas during the indicated timeframe. Regions of interest of the gas areas were highlighted on the images obtained. Gas images were divided into three areas, the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, and each total area was calculated. Results: At a dose of 10 g lactulose and an observation time of two hours, patients displayed no symptoms, and the gas volume was only slightly increased. However, when the dose of lactulose was increased (13 g/50 kg), and the observation time for the lactulose challenge was extended to 240 - 300 minutes, the results clearly demonstrated an increase in the gas produced in IBS patients. Conclusions: An increased dose of lactulose coupled with an extended observation time for the lactulose challenge clearly demonstrated an increase in the gas produced in IBS patients. Alterations in diet rather than antibiotics might reduce IBS symptoms.

关键词： Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) Lactulose Radiography

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Logical hypothesis:Low FODMAP diet to prevent diverticulitis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2016年第4期7卷 503-512页

作者： yoshiharu uno Jennifer C van Velkinburgh Office uno Column(Medical Science Publisher) Initiative for Collaboratory Biomedical Research

Despite little evidence for the therapeutic benefits of a high-fiber diet for diverticulitis, it is commonly recommended as part of the clinical management. The ongoing uncertainty of the cause(s) of diverticulitis confounds attempts to determine the validity of this therapy. However, the features of a high-fiber diet represent a logical contradiction for colon diverticulitis. Considering that Bernoulli’s principle, by which enlarged diameter of the lumen leads to increased pressure and decreased fluid velocity, might contribute to development of the diverticulum. Thus, theoretically, prevention of high pressure in the colon would be important and adoption of a low FODMAP diet (consisting of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) may help prevent recurrence of diverticulitis.

关键词： Diverticular disease High-fiber diet Low FODMAP diet Bernoulli&rsquo s principle Irritable bowel syndrome

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GAS SORPTION,DIFFUSION AND PERMEATION OF ORDERED POLYMERIC MEMBRANES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2000年第4期18卷 301-307页

作者： yoshiharu Tsujita Polymeric Materials Course Department of Materials Science and Engineering. Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan

He, CO_2, O_2, N_2, CH_4, C_3H_8, and t-C_4H_(10) gas permeability coefficients and diffusion coefficients of poly(4-methylpentene-1) (PMP) with various degrees of crystallization were plotted against the degree of crystallization. The plotdemonstrated a linear relationship. The gas permeability coefficient and diffusion coefficient of pure amorphous and purecrystalline PMPs were evaluated by a linear extrapolation to zero and 100% crystallinity, respectively. The relationshipbetween the diffusion coefficient of crystalline parts of PMP and the kinetic diameter of penetrant gases was *** polystyrene (SPS) could exist as δ form crystals complexed with organic solvents such as benzene, toluene,xylene, and ethylbenzene. The mesophase of SPS is prepared by annealing the δ form of crystalline complexes at a certaintemperature for 1 h. The desorption of solvent during annealing almost does not result in changes of both the conformation ofbackbone chains and the crystal lattice. We could prepare the mesophase containing molecular cavities with the size andshape of the organic solvent molecules. The mesophase could sorb the same solvent after the manner of Langmuir sorption atlow vapor pressure range while this would not be the case for solvents of different size and shape. This suggests a molecularrecognition of organic solvent, and mesophase SPS might be useful for separation membrane and adsorptive material.

关键词： Gas sorption Diffusion Poly(4-methyl pentene-l) Molecular recognition

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Fracture theory based on the concept of characteristic fracture length of materials

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第12期52卷 2041-2046页

作者： MUTOH yoshiharu Department of Safety Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology

Fracture theory is a classic,but not a well-dealt with,difficulty in solid mechanics. This paper has proposed the concept of characteristic fracture length of materials from the fact that fracture happens with area failure rather than point failure in materials. A unified theory is then proposed,which can be applied both to smooth and defected materials (whether with micro or macro defects). Brittle fracture tests with specimens of different sizes of holes are carried out to examine the fracture theory. It is found that the fracture stresses obtained by experiments agree well with those predicated by the presented fracture theory. Though the brittle fracture is the focus of the paper,the concept of characteristic length can be easily extended to fatigue or other failure problems.

关键词： fracture theory strength characteristic length size effect brittle fracture

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PREDICTING RELEVANT EMPTY SPOTS IN SOCIAL INTERACTION

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2008年第2期21卷 161-171页

作者： yoshiharu MAENO Yukio OHSAWA Graduate School of Systems Management Tsukuba University School of Engineering University of Tokyo

An empty spot refers to an empty hard-to-fill space which can be found in the records of the social interaction, and is the clue to the persons in the underlying social network who do not appear in the records. This contribution addresses a problem to predict relevant empty spots in social interaction. Homogeneous and inhomogeneous networks are studied as a model underlying the social interaction. A heuristic predictor function method is presented as a new method to address the problem. Simulation experiment is demonstrated over a homogeneous network. A test data set in the form of market baskets is generated from the simulated communication. Precision to predict the empty spots is calculated to demonstrate the performance of the presented method.

关键词： Communication empty spot predictor function social interaction social network.

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Retrieving structural information from scattering and attenuation data of transparent wood and(Nano)paper

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第3期6卷 187-194页

作者： yoshiharu Nishiyama Univ.Grenoble Alpes CNRSCERMAVGrenoble38000France

Over the last 15 years,significant number of reports on transparent paper and transparent wood appeared in the *** light scattering data or transmission data are often given to describe the optical performance of the *** addition,the data also contains structural information that can be further analyzed based on scattering *** of the data are re-analyzed herein from structural analysis point of view related to the scattering *** analysis on the wavelength dependent optical density of nanopaper suggested that the scatterers are not isolated voids or microfibrils but rather large submicrometric and structural *** dependence of transparent wood scattering suggests the scattering units of a few micrometers such as cell wall are at the origin of high haze.

关键词： Light scattering Transparent wood Nanocellulose

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DATA CRYSTALLIZATION APPLIED FOR DESIGNING NEW PRODUCTS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2007年第1期16卷 34-49页

作者： Kenichi HORIE yoshiharu MAENO Yukio OHSAWA School of Engineering the University of Tokyo Graduate School of System Management the University of Tsukuba maeno

It is only the observable part of the real world that can be stored in data. For such incomplete and ill-structured data, data crystallizing aims at presenting the hidden structure among events including unobservable events. This is realized by data crystallization, where dummy items, corresponding to potential existence ofunobservable events, are inserted to the given data. These dummy items and their relations with observable events are visualized by applying KeyGraph to the data with dummy items, like the crystallization of snow where dusts are involved in the formation of crystallization of water molecules. For tuning the granularity level of structure to be visualized, the tool of data crystallization is integrated with human＇s process of understanding significant scenarios in the real world. This basic method is expected to be applicable for various real world domains where previous methods of chance-discovery lead human to successful decision making. In this paper, we apply the data crystallization with human-interactive annealing （DCHA） to the design of products in a real company. The results show its effect to industrial decision making.

关键词： Chance discovery data crystallization unobservable events human machine interaction,design

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Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative risk factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic low anterior resection with double stapling technique anastomosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第25期22卷 5718-5727页

作者： Kenji Kawada yoshiharu Sakai Department of Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University

Anastomotic leakage(AL) is one of the most devastating complications after rectal cancer surgery. The double stapling technique has greatly facilitated intestinal reconstruction especially for anastomosis after low anterior resection(LAR). Risk factor analyses for AL after open LAR have been widely reported. However, a few studies have analyzed the risk factors for AL after laparoscopic LAR. Laparoscopic rectal surgery provides an excellent operative field in a narrow pelvic space, and enables total mesorectal excision surgery and preservation of the autonomic nervous system with greater precision. However, rectal transection using a laparoscopic linear stapler is relatively difficult compared with open surgery because of the width and limited performance of the linear stapler. Moreover, laparoscopic LAR exhibits a different postoperative course compared with open LAR, which suggests that the risk factors for AL after laparoscopic LAR may also differ from those after open LAR. In this review, we will discuss the risk factors for AL after laparoscopic LAR.

关键词： Risk factor Laparoscopic low anterior resection Anastomotic leakage

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Duodenal intussusception secondary to ampullary adenoma: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第14期7卷 1857-1864页

作者： Masaaki Hirata yoshiharu Shirakata Kenya Yamanaka Department of Surgery Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical CenterAmagasakiHyogo 660-0892Japan

BACKGROUND Because the duodenum is fixed onto the retroperitoneum, duodenal intussusception is usually impossible except in cases of malrotational abnormality. Although cases of duodenal intussusception without malrotational abnormalities have been reported, it is unclear whether they constitute true intussusception or simple mucosal prolapse. CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old woman presented with whole-body edema and malaise. Blood analysis indicated severe anemia and cholestasis. Endoscopic examination revealed a pedunculate polyp on the second part of the duodenum that migrated distally with mucosal elongation. Computed tomography showed duodenal intussusception. A tumor as the lead point and retroperitoneal structure, including the head of the pancreas and fat, invaginated beyond the duodenojejunal flexure. She was diagnosed with ampullary adenoma caused repeated intussusception that reduced spontaneously and underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Laparotomy showed tumor prolapse beyond the duodenojejunal flexure without intussusception. There was no evidence of malrotational abnormality. She was discharged with no complications. CONCLUSION We report true duodenal intussusception without malrotational abnormality. This phenomenon was also associated with mucosal prolapse.

关键词： Duodenal intussusception Mucosal prolapse Ampullary adenoma Case report

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