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Dietary fat-associated osteoarthritic chondrocytes gain resistance to lipotoxicity through PKCK2/STAMP2/FSP27

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Bone Research 2018年第3期6卷 238-251页

作者： Sung Won lee Jee Hyun Rho Sang Yeob lee Won Tae Chung yoo jin Oh Jung Ha Kim Seung Hee yoo Woo Young Kwon Ju Yong Bae Su Young Seo Hokeun Sun Hye Young Kim Young Hyun yoo Department of Rheumatology Dong-A University College of Medicine Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Dong-A University College of Medicine and Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center Department of Microbiology Dong-A University College of Medicine Department of Statistics Pusan National University

Free fatty acids(FFAs), which are elevated with metabolic syndrome, are considered the principal offender exerting lipotoxicity. Few previous studies have reported a causal relationship between FFAs and osteoarthritis pathogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism by which FFAs exert lipotoxicity and induce osteoarthritis remains largely unknown. We here observed that oleate at the usual clinical range does not exert lipotoxicity while oleate at high pathological ranges exerted lipotoxicity through apoptosis in articular chondrocytes. By investigating the differential effect of oleate at toxic and nontoxic concentrations, we revealed that lipid droplet(LD) accumulation confers articular chondrocytes, the resistance to lipotoxicity. Using high fat diet-induced osteoarthritis models and articular chondrocytes treated with oleate alone or oleate plus palmitate, we demonstrated that articular chondrocytes gain resistance to lipotoxicity through protein kinase casein kinase 2(PKCK2)—six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2(STAMP2)—and fat-specific protein 27(FSP27)-mediated LD accumulation. We further observed that the exertion of FFAs-induced lipotoxicity was correlated with the increased concentration of cellular FFAs freed from LDs, whether FFAs are saturated or not. In conclusion, PKCK2/STAMP2/FSP27-mediated sequestration of FFAs in LD rescues osteoarthritic chondrocytes. PKCK2/STAMP2/FSP27 should be considered for interventions against metabolic OA.

关键词： osteoarthritis remains articular chondrocytes

Efficient ORR catalysts for zinc-air battery: Biomass-derived ultra-stable Co nanoparticles wrapped with graphitic layers via optimizing electron transfer

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 211-218,I0006页

作者： Yu Feng Kexin Song Wei Zhang Xinyan Zhou Seung Jo yoo jin-Gyu Kim Sifan Qiao Yugang Qi Xu Zou Zhongjun Chen Tingting Qin Nailin Yue Zizhun Wang Dabing Li Weitao Zheng State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science&EngineeringKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOEElectron Microscopy Centerand International Center of Future ScienceJilin UniversityJilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina Division of Scientific Instrumentation&Management Korea Basic Science InstituteDaejeon 34133Republic of Korea Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033JilinChina

The poor stability of non-noble metal catalysts in oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) is a main bottleneck that limits their big-scale application in metal-air batteries. Herein, we construct a chainmail catalyst(Co-NC-AD) with outstanding stability, via the competitive complexation and post absorption strategy,consisting of highly graphitic layers wrapped uniform-size Co nanoparticles(Co-NPs). Experiments combined with density functional theory(DFT) calculations jointly confirmed that the electron transfer occurred from the inner Co-NPs to the external graphitic layers. It facilitated the adsorption process of oxygen molecules and the hybridization of the O-2 p and C-1 p orbitals, which accelerated the ORR reaction kinetics. Consequently, our prepared Co-NC-AD shows excellent ORR activity, offered with a more positive initial potential(E_(onset)= 0.95 V) and half-wave potential(E_(1/2)= 0.86 V). The remarkable stability and resistance of methanol poisoning are merited from the protection effect of stable graphitic layers. In addition, the high electrochemical performance of Co-NC-AD-based zinc-air battery demonstrates their potential for practical applications. Therefore, our work provides new ideas for the design of nanoconfined catalysts with high stability and activity.

关键词： Chainmail catalyst Graphitic layers Co nanoparticles Oxygen reduction reaction

Changes in peak inspiratory flow rate and peak airway pressure with endotracheal tube size during chest compression

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第2期11卷 97-101页

作者： Jung Wan Kim jin Woong lee Seung Ryu Jung Soo Park InSool yoo Yong Chul Cho Hong Joon Ahn Department of Emergency Medicine Chungnam National University HospitalJung-guDaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Emergency Medicine College of MedicineChungnam National UniversityJung-guDaejeonRepublic of Korea

BACKGROUND:Adequate airway management plays an important role in high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).Airway management is usually performed using an endotracheal tube(ETT)during ***,no study has assessed the effect of ETT size on the fl ow rate and airway pressure during ***:We measured changes in peak inspiratory fl ow rate(PIFR),peak airway pressure(Ppeak),and mean airway pressure(Pmean)according to changes in ETT size(internal diameter 6.0,7.0,and 8.0 mm)and with or without CPR.A tidal volume of 500 mL was supplied at a rate of 10 times per minute using a mechanical *** compressions were maintained at a constant compression depth and speed using a mechanical chest compression device(LUCAS2,mode:active continuous,chest compression rate:102±2/minute,chest compression depth 2–2.5 inches).RESULTS:The median of several respiratory physiological parameters during CPR was significantly different according to the diameter of each ETT(6.0 vs.8.0 mm):PIFR(32.1 L/min[30.5–35.3]vs.28.9 L/min[27.5–30.8],P<0.001),Ppeak(48.84 cmH2O[27.46–52.11]vs.27.45 cmH2O[22.53–52.57],P<0.001),and Pmean(18.34 cmH2O[14.61–21.66]vs.13.66 cmH2O[8.41–19.24],P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The changes in PIFR,Ppeak,and Pmean were related to the internal diameter of ETT,and these values tended to decrease with an increase in ETT *** airway pressures were measured in the CPR group than in the no CPR group.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Intratracheal intubation Airway pressure

Synthesis, characterization and electrocatalytic studies of palladium–manganese oxyhydroxide nanocomposite towards direct ethylene glycol fuel cell

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第27期59卷 3413-3419页

作者： Ramanujam Kannan Ae Rhan Kim Dong jin yoo R&D Education Center for Specialized Graduate School of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Engineering Chonbuk National University Chonju Joellabuk-do 561-756 Korea Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center Graduate SchoolChonbuk National University Chonju Joellabuk-do 561-756Korea Department of Chemistry Chonbuk National UniversityChonju Joellabuk-do 561-756 Korea

The palladium nanoparticle grafted manganese oxyhydroxide nanorod(MON) electrocatalyst has been synthesized and tested for the electrooxidation of ethylene glycol(EG) in an alkaline medium. The MON was prepared using the hydrothermal method and the Pd nanoparticles were coated on the MON using an in situ reduction method. The nanocatalyst thus prepared was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. The microscopic studies confirm the formation of MON and reveal that the Pd nanoparticles were grafted uniformly on the MON. In the voltammetric studies, the Pd/MON catalyst exhibited a six-fold improved peak current for ethylene glycol electrooxidation compared with the C/Pd. The EG electrooxidation reaction performances of the Pd/MON nanocatalyst in the alkaline solutions containing different quantities of EG were tested through cyclic voltammetry. The catalytic removal of the poisonous intermediates formed during electrooxidation of EG was explained. The present study shows that MON can act as an active support for the Pd nanocatalyst.

关键词：钯纳米粒子氢氧化锰乙二醇化学研究燃料电池纳米复合合成高分辨透射电子显微镜

Regulation of epithelial function, differentiation, and remodeling in the epididymis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 3-9页

作者： Sylvie Breton Ye Chun Ruan yoo-jin Park Bongki Kim Center for Systems Biology Program in Membrane Biology/Nephrology Division Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114 and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA Epithelial Cell Biology Research Centre School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

The epididymis is a single convoluted tubule lined by a pseudostratified epithelium. Specialized epididymal epithelial cells, the so-called principal, basal, narrow, and clear cells, establish a unique luminal environment for the maturation and storage of spermatozoa. The epididymis is functionally and structurally divided into several segments and sub-segments that create regionally distinct luminal environments. This organ is immature at birth, and epithelial cells acquire their fully differentiated phenotype during an extended postnatal period, but the factors involved in this complex process remain incompletely characterized. In the adult epididymis, the establishment of an acidic luminal pH and low bicarbonate concentration in the epididymis contributes to preventing premature activation of spermatozoa during their maturation and storage. Clear cells are proton-secreting cells throughout the epididymis, but principal cells have distinct acid/base transport properties, depending on their localization within the epididymis. Basal cells are located in all epididymal segments, but they have a distinct morphology depending on the segment and species examined. How this structural plasticity of basal cells is regulated is discussed here. Also, the role of luminal factors and androgens in the regulation of epithelial cells is reviewed in relation to their respective localization in the proximal versus distal regions of the epididymis. Finally, we describe a novel role for CFTR in tubulogenesis and epithelial cell differentiation.

关键词： basal cells clear cells principal cells pseudostratified epithelia transepithelial transport

Flow Visualization and Performance Measurements of a Flagellar Propeller

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第3期9卷 322-329页

作者： Hyejin Jeon yoon-Cheol Kim Dongwook Yim Jung Yui yoo Songwan jin School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Polytechnic University Siheung-si Gyeonggi-do 429-793 Korea

A new type of propeller that is optimized for low Reynolds numbers is required to propel a small object in a medium where the flow is dominated by viscous rather than inertial forces. A propeller in the shape of a bacterial flagellum seems an appro- priate choice for driving a small object. Accordingly, in this study, we visualized the velocity field induced by a spring-like propeller inspired by the Escherichia coli flagellum, using a macroscopic model and applying stereoscopic particle image velocimetry. We also experimentally evaluated the effect of pitch and rotational speed on the performance of this flagellar propeller. Silicone oil, which has a kinematic viscosity 100,000 times that of water, was used as the working fluid to generate a low Reynolds number for the macroscopic model. Thrust, torque, and velocity were measured as functions of pitch and rota- tional speed, and the efficiency of the propeller was calculated from the measured results. We found that the flagellar propeller reached a max!mum efficiency when the pitch angle was approximately 53°. Compared to pitch, rotational speed had a relatively small effect on the efficiency, and the pitch altered the flow pattern behind the rotating propeller.

关键词： flagellar propeller stereoscopic PIV bacterial flagellum small swimming object

An investigation of the microstructural effects on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of a friction stir processed equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第28期87卷 60-73页

作者： Sam Yaw Anaman Solomon Ansah Hoon-Hwe Cho Min-Gu Jo jin-yoo Suh Minjung Kang Jong-Sook lee Sung-Tae Hong Heung Nam Han Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hanbat National University125 Dongseodae-roYuseong-GuDaejeonRepublic of Korea Center for Energy Materials Research Clean Energy InstituteKorea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering&Research Institute of Advanced Materials Seoul National University1Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul08826Republic of Korea Advanced Functional Technology R&D Department Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyIncheon21999Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering University of UlsanUlsan680-749Republic of Korea

The electrochemical properties of a friction stir processed(FSPed)equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy(HEA)was investigated in an aerated 0.5 M Na_(2)SO_(4) electrolyte solution at room *** microstructural analysis reveals a highly refined stir zone(SZ)with an average grain size that decreases from the top region of the SZ to the bottom region of the SZ(also known as shear-processed zone;SPZ).However,the region below the SPZ,(*** the plunge depth)experienced an increase in average grain size and dislocation densities compared to the other *** is no secondary phase observed in the FSPed region,however,the microstructural evolution in the FSPed region affects the electrochemical behavior of the ***_(2)O_(3) passive layer was observed to form on the FSPed HEA,leading to excellent corrosion properties from the polarization corrosion *** refinement in the SZ enhances the rapid formation of the passive layer,thus,leading to better corrosion properties in the front surface of the FSPed *** localized corrosion behavior of the FSPed HEA was predicted to be caused by the micro-galvanic nature of the HEA,which leads to an increase in polarization at the anodic sites(pits).A numerical model was established using the corrosion parameters from the experiment to simulate the localized corrosion behavior on the surface of the FSPed HEA in a neutral *** predicted initial pitting potential and corresponding current density agree well with the experimental *** model is also capable of tracking the dissolution of the pits over longer periods.

关键词： High entropy alloys Friction stir processing Grain refinement Passive film Pitting Simulation

Ultra-thin light-weight laser-induced-graphene (LIG) diffractive optics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1268-1300页

作者： Younggeun lee Mun Ji Low Dongwook Yang Han Ku Nam Truong-Son Dinh Le Seung Eon lee Hyogeun Han Seunghwan Kim Quang Huy Vu Hongki yoo Hyosang yoon Joohyung lee Suchand Sandeep Keunwoo lee Seung-Woo Kim Young-jin Kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University(NTU)50 Nanyang Avenue639798 SingaporeSingapore Panasonic Factory Solutions Asia Pacific(PFSAP) 285 Jalan Ahmad Ibrahim639931 SingaporeSingapore Department of Aerospace Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAlST)Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical System Design Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology(Seuoltech)232 Gongneung-roNowon-guSeoul 01811Republic of Korea LASER N GRAPN INC 193 Munj-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34051Republicof Korea

The realization of hybrid optics could be one of the best ways to fulfll the technological requirements of compact,light-weight,and multi-functional optical systems for modern *** diffractive lens(PDL)such as diffractive lenses,photonsieves,and metasurfaces can be patterned on ultra-thin flexible and stretchable substrates and be conformally attached on top of arbitrarily shaped *** this review,we introduce recent research works addressed to the design and manufacturing of ultra-thin graphene optics,which will open new markets in compact and light-weight optics for next-generation endoscopic brain imaging,space internet,real-time surface proflometry,and multi-functional mobile *** provide higher design flexibility,lower process complexity,and chemical-free process with reasonable investment cost,direct laser writing(DLW)of laser-induced-graphene(LIG)is actively being applied to the patterning of *** realizing the best optical performances in DLW,photon-material interactions have been studied in detail with respect to different laser parameters;the resulting optical characteristics have been evaluated in terms of amplitude and phase.A series of exemplary laser-written 1D and 2D PDL structures have been actively demonstrated with different base materials,and then,the cases are being expanded to plasmonic and holographic *** combination of these ultra-thin and light-weight PDL with conventional bulk refractive or reflective optical elements could bring together the advantages of each optical *** integrating these suggestions,we suggest a way to realize the hybrid PDL to be used in the future micro-electronics surface inspection,biomedical,outer space,and extended reality(XR)industries.

关键词： optics weight holographic

Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote regeneration of crush-injured rat sciatic nerves

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第26期7卷 2018-2027页

作者： Mi-Ae Sung Hun Jong Jung Jung-Woo lee jin-Yong lee Kang-Mi Pang Sang Bae yoo Mohammad S. Alrashdan Soung-Min Kim Jeong Won Jahng Jong-Ho lee Department of Craniofacial Structure & Functional Biology School of Dentistry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Occupation and Environment Postgraduate College of Medicine Konkuk University Choong-ju Republic of Korea Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Dentistry Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Republic of Korea Dental Research Institute Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea

Several studies have demonstrated that human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells can promote neural regeneration following brain injury. However, the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells in guiding peripheral nerve regeneration remain poorly understood. This study was designed to investigate the effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells on neural regeneration using a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model. Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells （1 ~ 106） or a PBS control were injected into the crush-injured segment of the sciatic nerve. Four weeks after cell injection, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tyrosine kinase receptor B mRNA expression at the lesion site was increased in comparison to control. Furthermore, sciatic function index, Fluoro Gold-labeled neuron counts and axon density were also significantly increased when compared with control. Our results indicate that human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchvmal stem cells promote the functinnal r~.RcJv^rv nf P.n I^h-inillr^4 ~r^i~tit, n^r~e

关键词： human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells sciatic nerve crush injury FluoroGold stem cells peripheral nerve regeneration regeneration neural regeneration