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Pre-operative visceral adipose tissue radiodensity is a potentially novel prognostic biomarker for early endoscopic post-operative recurrence in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 740-750页

作者： Phillip Gu Shishir Dube Norman Gellada So Yung Choi Susan Win yoo jin lee Shaohong Yang Talin Haritunians Gil Y Melmed Eric A Vasiliauskas Niru Bonthala Gaurav Syal Andres J Yarur David Ziring Shervin Rabizadeh Phillip Fleshner Cindy Kallman Suzanne Devkota Stephan R Targan Dalin Li Dermot PB McGovern Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Imaging Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Biostatistics Shared Resource Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Internal Medicine Keimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 42601South Korea Department of Medicine University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Medicine University of California at San DiegoSan DiegoCA 92093United States Department of Pediatrics Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Surgery Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND Evidence suggests inflammatory mesenteric fat is involved in post-operative recurrence(POR)of Crohn’s disease(CD).However,its prognostic value is INTRODUCTION Crohn’s disease(CD)is a debilitating chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease(IMID)of the gastrointestinal tract that is increasing in incidence and prevalence globally[1].CD patients often undergo surgery for disease-related complic-ations and/or medically refractory ***,surgery is not curative,and many patients develop post-operative recurrence(POR)of CD with a significant proportion eventually requiring additional *** advances in early detection and therapeutics,the contemporary 10-year risk of surgery has improved from 50%to 26%,but the risk of recurrent surgery has remained unchanged at 30%,suggesting a need to improve post-operative management strategies[2].Presently,there are two accepted strategies to mitigate POR,but each have potential ***,patients start early post-operative pharmacologic prophylaxis within 4-6 wk after *** strategy can potentially overtreat a subset of patient who may not develop long-term disease recurrence off ***,these patients are at risk of medication-related adverse events and the direct and indirect costs associated with therapy with little or no benefit[3].The second strategy is performing early colonoscopy within 6-12 months after surgery and escalating therapy based on FOOTNOTES Author contributions:Gu P is the guarantor of the article and was involved in concept and design,data collection,statistical analysis,drafting of manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Dube S and Choi SY were involved in statistical analysis,drafting of the manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Gellada N,Win S,lee YJ and Yang S were involved in the data collection,drafting of the manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Haritunians T and Li D were involved in data analysis and interpretation,drafting

关键词： Crohn’s disease Surgery Visceral adipose tissue Mesenteric adipose tissue Creeping fat Computed tomography

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Ag-GST/HfO_(x)-based unidirectional threshold switching selector with low leakage current and threshold voltage distribution for high-density cross-point arrays

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 280-288页

作者： Kyoung-Joung yoo Dae-Yun Kang Nahyun Kim Ho-jin lee Ta-Hyeong Kim Taeho Kim Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

The use of electrochemical-metallization-based volatile threshold switching selectors in cross-point arrays has been widely explored owing to their high on-off ratios and simple ***,these devices are unsuitable for cross-point architectures because of the difficulty in controlling the random filament formation that results in large fluctuations in the threshold voltage during *** this study,we investigated the unidirectional threshold transition characteristics associated with an Ag/GST/HfO_(x)/Pt-based bilayer selector and demonstrated the occurrence of a low leakage current(<1×10^(-11) A) and low distribution of the threshold voltage(Δ0.11 V).The bilayer structure could control the filament formation in the intermediate state through the insertion of an HfO_(x) tunneling *** stacking a bilayer selector with NiO_(x)based resistive random-access memory,the leakage and programming currents of the device could be significantly *** the crossbar array configuration,we performed equivalent circuit analysis of a one-selector oneresistor(1S1R) devices and estimated the optimal array size to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed *** maximum acceptable crossbar array size of the 1S1R device with the Ag/GST/HfO_(x)/Pt/Ti/NiO_(x)/Pt structure was 5.29×10^(14)(N^(2),N=2.3×10^(7)).

关键词： Selector device Tunneling barrier Threshold switching Sputtering 1S1R Cross-point array

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Defect Detection Model Using Time Series Data Augmentation and Transformation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1713-1730页

作者： Gyu-Il Kim Hyun yoo Han-jin Cho Kyungyong Chung Department of Computer Science Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Contents Convergence Software Research Institue Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Department of Energy IT Engineering Far East UniversityEumsung-gun27601Korea Division of AI Computer Science and Engineering Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea

Time-series data provide important information in many fields,and their processing and analysis have been the focus of much ***,detecting anomalies is very difficult due to data imbalance,temporal dependence,and ***,methodologies for data augmentation and conversion of time series data into images for analysis have been *** paper proposes a fault detection model that uses time series data augmentation and transformation to address the problems of data imbalance,temporal dependence,and robustness to *** method of data augmentation is set as the addition of *** involves adding Gaussian noise,with the noise level set to 0.002,to maximize the generalization performance of the *** addition,we use the Markov Transition Field(MTF)method to effectively visualize the dynamic transitions of the data while converting the time series data into *** enables the identification of patterns in time series data and assists in capturing the sequential dependencies of the *** anomaly detection,the PatchCore model is applied to show excellent performance,and the detected anomaly areas are represented as heat *** allows for the detection of anomalies,and by applying an anomaly map to the original image,it is possible to capture the areas where anomalies *** performance evaluation shows that both F1-score and Accuracy are high when time series data is converted to ***,when processed as images rather than as time series data,there was a significant reduction in both the size of the data and the training *** proposed method can provide an important springboard for research in the field of anomaly detection using time series ***,it helps solve problems such as analyzing complex patterns in data lightweight.

关键词： Defect detection time series deep learning data augmentation data transformation

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Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung jin yoo Kyun Kyu Kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung Hwan Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Department of Mechanical Engineering Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

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Irritable bowel syndrome:Emerging paradigm in pathophysiology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期20卷 2456-2469页

作者： yoo jin lee Kyung Sik Park Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine Keimyung University School of Medicine Daegu 700-712 South Korea

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders,characterized by abdominal pain,bloating,and changes in bowel *** symptoms cannot be explained by structural abnormalities and there is no specific laboratory test or biomarker for ***,IBS is classified as a functional disorder with diagnosis dependent on the history taking about manifested symptoms and careful physical *** a great deal of research has been carried out in this area,the pathophysiology of IBS is complex and not completely *** factors are thought to contribute to the symptoms in IBS patients;altered gastrointestinal motility,visceral hypersensitivity,and the brain-gut interaction are important classical concepts in IBS *** areas of research in this arena include inflammation,postinfectious low-grade inflammation,genetic and immunologic factors,an altered microbiota,dietary factors,and enteroendocrine *** emerging studies have not shown consistent results,provoking controversy in the IBS ***,certain lines of evidence suggest that these mechanisms are important at least a subset of IBS patients,confirming that IBS symptoms cannot be explained by a single etiological ***,it is important to keep in mind that IBS requires a more holistic approach to determining effective treatment and understanding the underlying mechanisms.

关键词： Pathophysiology Irritable bowel syndrome Inflammat

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The Electrical, Optical and Structural Characteristics of N-type Microcrystalline Silicon Thin Films Deposited by TCP-CVD

The Electrical, Optical and Structural Characteristics of N-...

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第十五届国际光伏科学与工程大会

作者： yoo jin lee jin Koog Shin Koeng Su Lim Nano-technology based Information and Energy Storage Research Center Korea Electronics Technology Institute #68 Yatap-dong Bundang-gu Seongnam Gyeonggi 463-816 Republic of Korea Division of Electrical Engineering Department of EE & CS Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology #373-1 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea

N-type microcrystalline silicon thin films are deposited by the high density TCP-CVD (transformer coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition) technique. The process conditions have much effects on the transition from amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films to microcrystalline silicon thin films and their properties. Especially hydrogen dilution ratio, phosphine doping ratio, r.f. power are key parameters to form the n-type microcrystalline silicon thin films. Raman results revealed that as r.f. power and hydrogen dilution ratio increased, the crystalline volume fraction increased. However as phosphine doping ratio increased, the opposite results were observed. The optical bandgap and the dark conductivity increased as the crystalline volume fraction increased. In this research, we have fabricated n-type microcrystalline silicon thin films presenting the Tauc’ optical bandgap of～1.85 eV, dark conductivity of 5.0 ohm cm, and the crystalline volume fraction of～60 %.

关键词： N-type Microcrystalhne Silicon Thin Films TCP-CVD Crystalline Volume Fraction

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Negative impact of sedation on esophagogastric junction evaluation during esophagogastroduodenoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第18期20卷 5527-5532页

作者： Eun Soo Kim Ho Young lee yoo jin lee Bo Ram Min Jae Hyuk Choi Kyung Sik Park Kwang Bum Cho Byoung Kuk Jang Woo jin Chung Jae Seok Hwang Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineKeimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 700-712South Korea

AIM:To compare the esophagogastric junction(EGJ)areas observed in sedated and non-sedated patients during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD).METHODS:Data were collected prospectively from consecutive patients who underwent EGD for various *** patients were divided into three groups according to the sedation used:propofol,midazolam,and control(no sedation).The EGJ was observed during both insertion and withdrawal of the *** extent of the EGJ territory observed was classified as excellent,good,fair,or *** addition,the time the EGJ was observed was ***:The study included 103 patients(50 males;mean age 58.44±10.3 years).An excellent observation was achieved less often in the propofol and midazolam groups than in the controls(27.3%,28.6%and91.4%,respectively,P<0.001).There was a significant difference in the time at which EGJ was observed among the groups(propofol 20.7±11.7 s vs midazolam 16.3±7.3 s vs control 11.6±5.8 s,P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that sedation use was the only independent risk factor for impaired EGJ evaluation(propofol,OR=24.4,P<0.001;midazolam,OR=25.3,P<0.001).Hiccoughing was more frequent in the midazolam group(propofol 9%vs midazolam25.7%vs control 0%,P=0.002),while hypoxia(SaO2<90%)tended to occur more often in the propofol group(propofol 6.1%vs midazolam 0%vs control 0%,P=0.101).CONCLUSION:Sedation during EGD has a negative effect on evaluation of the EGJ.

关键词： Esophagogastric junction Endoscopy Esophagus Propo

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Comparison of a novel bedside portable endoscopy device with nasogastric aspiration for identifying upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第25期20卷 8221-8228页

作者： Jong Hwan Choi Jae Hyuk Choi yoo jin lee Hyung Ki lee Wang Yong Choi Eun Soo Kim Kyung Sik Park Kwang Bum Cho Byoung Kuk Jang Woo jin Chung Jae Seok Hwang Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine Keimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 700-712South Korea

AIM: To compare outcomes using the novel portable endoscopy with that of nasogastric(NG) aspiration in patients with gastrointestinal ***: Patients who underwent NG aspiration for the evaluation of upper gastrointestinal(UGI) bleeding were eligible for the study. After NG aspiration, we performed the portable endoscopy to identify bleeding evidence in the UGI tract. Then, all patients underwent conventional esophagogastroduodenoscopy as the gold-standard test. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the portable endoscopy for confirming UGI bleeding were compared with those of NG ***: In total, 129 patients who had GI bleedingsigns or symptoms were included in the study(age 64.46 ± 13.79, 91 males). The UGI tract(esophagus, stomach, and duodenum) was the most common site of bleeding(81, 62.8%) and the cause of bleeding was not identified in 12 patients(9.3%). Specificity for identifying UGI bleeding was higher with the portable endoscopy than NG aspiration(85.4% vs 68.8%, P = 0.008) while accuracy was comparable. The accuracy of the portable endoscopy was significantly higher than that of NG in the subgroup analysis of patients with esophageal bleeding(88.2% vs 75%, P = 0.004). Food material could be detected more readily by the portable endoscopy than NG tube aspiration(20.9% vs 9.3%, P = 0.014). No serious adverse effect was observed during the portable ***: The portable endoscopy was not superior to NG aspiration for confirming UGI bleeding site. However, this novel portable endoscopy device might provide a benefit over NG aspiration in patients with esophageal bleeding.

关键词： Endoscopy Gastrointestinal bleeding Nasogastric as

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Linking individual attributes and host specialization in brood parasitic cuckoos

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Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 145-151页

作者： Sue-Jeong jin Hae-Ni Kim Geun-Won Bae jin-Won lee Jeong-Chil yoo Korea Institute of Ornithology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea Department of Biology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea

Generalist avian brood parasites vary considerably in their degree of host specialization(e.g.,number of hosts);some parasitize the nests of just a few host species,whereas others exploit more than 100 *** factors,including habitat range,habitat type,and geographic location,have been suggested to account for these ***,inter-specific differences in individual attributes,such as personality and plasticity,have rarely been considered as potential factors of such variation,despite their potential relationship to,for example,range *** cage experiments,we tested the hypothesis that parasitic species exploiting more host species may be more active and *** this end,we quantified behaviors exhibited by two Cuculus cuckoos(Common Cuckoo *** and Oriental Cuckoo ***)that vary greatly in their number of host ***,we evaluated exploratory behavior displayed by birds in the cage,such as the number of movements,head-turning,wing-flapping,and *** Common Cuckoo,which has a higher number of host species,tended to exhibit higher levels of exploratory behaviors than the Oriental *** study showed that the two cuckoo species exhibited different exploratory levels,as predicted by the differences in their number of *** studies regarding the causality between individual attributes and host specialization with improved experimental methodology would greatly enhance our understanding of the role of individual characteristics in the coevolution of avian brood parasites and their hosts.

关键词： Brood parasitism Common Cuckoo Individual attributes Number of hosts Oriental Cuckoo

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A novel method to collect sperm from brood parasitic cuckoos:Urodeum stimulation(UroS)method

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 298-303页

作者： Heesoo lee Hae-Ni Kim Jun-Seo Go Myeong-Chan Cha Seongho Yun Sue-Jeong jin jin-Won lee Jeong-Chil yoo Korea Institute of Ornithology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea Department of Biology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea

Sperm competition has been studied in numerous species as a representative example of postcopulatory sexual selection,where sampling sperm from male is the most basic and important *** collection can be tricky in birds,however,because unlike mammals,the genitals of birds are generally latent in the cloacal region and their characteristics vary among *** methods to collect sperm from different birds have been tested,such as cloacal massage,feces collection,and electro-stimulation,but their applicability varies depending on *** this study,we introduced the urodeum stimulation method(UroS method)to collect sperm from Cuculus cuckoos,such as the Common Cuckoo(***).These species are expected to have interesting patterns of pair bonding and sperm competition because of their unique breeding strategy called brood parasitism;however,it remains *** this study,we described the application of our new method to expel semen from male common cuckoos,measured the volume of semen collected,checked the presence of sperm in the semen sample,and finally estimated its success rate among 82 *** were successfully collected from 76 cuckoos(approximately 93%)and the colors and volumes of the samples were very *** was present in 43 of these samples(57%),showing a sperm observation rate approximately twice as high as that of the conventional cloacal massage *** believe that this novel method will contribute to a better understanding of postcopulatory sexual selection in avian brood parasites and facilitate the process of sperm collection and artificial insemination in other medium-sized birds.

关键词： Brood parasitism Cuculus cuckoos Semen collection Sexual selection Sperm competition

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