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黄河流域河套灌区农业面源污染模拟的难点与重点分析

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环境科学研究 2024年第1期37卷 73-79页

作者：侯聪宇刘海霞赵健宋永会中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室北京100012 中国环境科学研究院水生态环境研究所北京100012

黄河流域河套灌区农业面源污染问题突出,使用模型模拟是对河套灌区农业面源精准溯源、准确预测、评估治理措施治理效果和生态环境影响的有效途径,也是全面应用“监测-溯源-核算-治理-管理”农业面源污染全链条防控技术体系的关键核心步... 详细信息

黄河流域河套灌区农业面源污染问题突出,使用模型模拟是对河套灌区农业面源精准溯源、准确预测、评估治理措施治理效果和生态环境影响的有效途径,也是全面应用“监测-溯源-核算-治理-管理”农业面源污染全链条防控技术体系的关键核心步骤.经梳理发现,目前河套灌区农业面源污染模型由于缺乏对“源-汇”关系的精准表述和输移转化机制的阐明,导致存在一定的“假拟合”现象,致使后续使用模型模拟得到的结论存在较大的误差和不确定性,其结果在溯源、核算、评估等方面均无法完全成为具有实际指导意义的工具;除此之外,目前河套灌区现有的水文水质数据监测网络一定程度上难以满足日益增长的农业面源模型建立、率定和验证的需要,因此率定与模拟的结果很难具有更高的时空分辨率,导致对月尺度以下发生的面源污染行为和相应的环境危害评估与实际情况具有较大偏差.因此,建议建立流域层面农业面源污染监测网和数据分享平台以获取来自河套灌区具有更高时空精度的实测数据,并通过实地实验的方式阐明在河套灌区这一特殊“农业-环境”系统中面源污染物的输移转化机制,并在此基础上开发新的可以复现并模拟该机制的机理-大数据耦合模型来为区域内的科学研究与政策决定提供帮助.

关键词：黄河流域河套灌区农业面源污染模型模拟治理监管

磺胺类药物水环境行为及水生生物毒性研究进展

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环境工程技术学报 2024年第2期14卷 681-691页

作者：李霞王晨刘利张新怡魏健宋永会辽宁大学环境学院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室中国环境科学研究院中国环境科学研究院水生态环境研究所

磺胺类药物(SAs)在水环境中普遍存在,大部分SAs以母体分子或代谢产物形式排放到环境中,地表水、地下水、海水甚至饮用水中都能检测到低浓度的SAs。因SAs排放量大、环境假性持久性强等特点,其对水生态环境和人类健康构成潜在风险。针对SA... 详细信息

磺胺类药物(SAs)在水环境中普遍存在,大部分SAs以母体分子或代谢产物形式排放到环境中,地表水、地下水、海水甚至饮用水中都能检测到低浓度的SAs。因SAs排放量大、环境假性持久性强等特点,其对水生态环境和人类健康构成潜在风险。针对SAs在水环境中的归趋问题,总结了SAs在水环境中吸附、迁移、转化、降解、生物富集等典型行为规律,进一步分析SAs对水生植物、水生动物及水生微生物产生的毒性效应。结果表明:SAs在水环境中行为的研究多集中在环境介质表面的吸附特性与规律,而对SAs依赖水动力条件的迁移转化和生物富集规律研究较少;SAs在环境介质表面的吸附主要以阳离子交换和分子结合的形式发生,吸附质表面的电荷密度是决定吸附量的重要因素;SAs在水环境中广泛存在,虽然浓度水平较低,但对水生生物造成的负面影响会产生潜在的生态风险,主要表现为干预水生植物的生长发育过程,造成水生动物的特征性畸形,干扰水中微生物的群落结构与功能,最终会对整个水环境及其循环造成宏观的影响。未来应加强SAs在水环境中衰减过程的浓度和贡献率研究以及对水生生物毒性标准化测试,以期深入研究SAs生态毒理学、解决SAs污染问题。

关键词：磺胺类药物(SAs) 水环境行为水生毒性研究进展

Adsorption and recovery of phosphate from water by amine fiber,effects of co-existing ions and column filtration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期32卷 123-132页

作者： Jinshan Wei Xiaoguang Meng Xianghua Wen yonghui song School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Center for Environmental Systems Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030USA State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

A weak-base adsorption fiber,acrylic amine fiber(AAF),was prepared for removal and recovery of phosphate from *** adsorption properties of the AAF for phosphate and effects of co-existing ions were investigated using batch and column filtration experiments,scanning electron microscope,and Fourier transform infrared *** results showed that AAF had a high phosphate adsorption capacity of 119 mg/g at pH *** effects of calcium,sulfate,carbonate,nitrate,and fluoride showed that sulfate and calcium inhibited phosphate ***,AAF showed higher binding affinity toward phosphate than *** filtration results showed that AAF could filter 1420 bed volumes of tap water containing 1.0 mg-P/L of *** saturated AAF could be regenerated using 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution and *** desorption,phosphate was recovered through precipitation of hydroxyapatite(Ca5(PO4)3OH).The easy of regeneration,good adsorption performance,and the fiber morphology of AAF make it an attractive alternative for phosphate recovery from multiple water sources.

关键词： Wastewater treatment Phosphate removal Adsorption Acrylic amine fiber Phosphorus recovery

基于文献计量学的环境领域有机磷农药研究热点和趋势分析

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环境工程技术学报 2024年第3期14卷 1087-1097页

作者：周摇张新伟谢晓琳钱锋宋永会辽宁大学环境学院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室中国环境科学研究院乳山市水利局

有机磷农药(OPPs)已逐渐取代有机氯农药成为广泛应用的农药之一,其大量使用对环境构成威胁,了解环境领域中OPPs的研究动态与趋势,可为相关领域的科研工作和环境管理提供借鉴。运用文献计量学方法,对2000—2022年中国知网(CNKI)核心数据... 详细信息

有机磷农药(OPPs)已逐渐取代有机氯农药成为广泛应用的农药之一,其大量使用对环境构成威胁,了解环境领域中OPPs的研究动态与趋势,可为相关领域的科研工作和环境管理提供借鉴。运用文献计量学方法,对2000—2022年中国知网(CNKI)核心数据库和Web of Science(WoS)核心数据库收录的环境领域OPPs的相关文献进行了分析,系统梳理了该领域OPPs的研究现状,阐述了OPPs研究的发展态势及热点前沿,同时提出了未来重点研究方向。结果表明:2000—2022年,国内外关于环境领域OPPs的研究论文共3427篇,近10年来发文量呈显著上升趋势;环境领域OPPs的研究介质主要是水体和土壤,且对水体中OPPs的环境行为和特性探究更为深入;OPPs的检测手段以气相色谱法为主,毒死蜱[O,O-二乙基-O-(3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶基)硫代磷酸酯]是OPPs研究中出现频率较高的目标污染物之一,且其在环境中的检出率较高;国内外关于OPPs在环境中的研究脉络基本相似,前期研究(2000—2010年)主要集中在环境中OPPs的萃取方法,中期研究(2011—2018年)主要集中在环境中OPPs的危害及对其的环境影响评价,近年来(2019—2022年)研究热点主要集中在OPPs的残留、环境检测以及高效去除等领域。未来建议加强OPPs降解产物的鉴定和环境毒性研究、OPPs复合暴露研究及环境修复研究,同时开发新型纳米材料和绿色农药替代方案等。

关键词：有机磷农药(OPPs) 文献计量学风险评估环境检测环境毒性

Effect of phosphate releasing in activated sludge on phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 216-223页

作者： Jie Ge Xiaoguang Meng yonghui song Amalia Terracciano Center of Environmental Systems Stevens Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

Aluminum and ferric salts are commonly used in municipal wastewater treatment plants（WWPTs） for phosphorus（P） removal. In this study, on-site jar tests were conducted to determine the removal of different P species from the fresh samples in the presence and absence of activated sludge（AS） with different doses of alum, poly-aluminum chloride,and ferric chloride at different p H. The soluble P（SP） concentration in the samples was about 0.63 mg/L. When the mixed liquor containing AS was treated with 8 mg/L of Al, SP could be reduced to 0.13 mg/L, while it was reduced to 0.16 mg/L with only 1 mg/L of Al after sedimentation removal of AS from sample. Chemical analysis determined that AS contained 59.8 mg-P/g-TSS and 43.8 mg-Al/g-TSS and most of the P was associated with the aluminum hydroxide. We discovered that the phosphate in the AS could readily be released from it, which was mainly responsible for ineffective removal of P to low levels in mixed liquor even with very high alum dose. This study provides new insight into the behavior and fate of P in the wastewater treatment plants that use alum to enhance P removal in the final effluent.

关键词： Phosphorus release Coagulation Activated sludge (AS) Wastewater treatment

微电解-絮凝沉淀协同处理氰化提金废水的研究

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化学工业与工程 2024年第3期41卷 98-105页

作者：周佳梦宋永辉张盼盼王一帆廖龙西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院陕西省黄金与资源重点实验室

采用微电解-絮凝沉淀技术处理高浓度氰化提金废水,主要研究了电压、电解时间、极板间距、温度、聚合氯化铁（PFC）添加量对CNT、CN-、Cu和Zn离子去除率的影响及过程反应机制。结果表明:室温条件下,以钛板为阴极、石墨板为阳极,采用一阴... 详细信息

采用微电解-絮凝沉淀技术处理高浓度氰化提金废水,主要研究了电压、电解时间、极板间距、温度、聚合氯化铁（PFC）添加量对CNT、CN-、Cu和Zn离子去除率的影响及过程反应机制。结果表明:室温条件下,以钛板为阴极、石墨板为阳极,采用一阴两阳电解体系处理氰化提金废水,当PFC添加量为750mg·L-1,电压4.5V,时间3h,极板间距10mm时,废水中CNT、CN-、Cu和Zn离子的去除率分别为97.29%、97.83%、99.36%和98.74%,处理后废水可直接返回浸出系统。电场作用下废水中原有的Cl-及PFC解离产生的Cl-定向迁移至阳极发生氧化反应,产生的Cl2及ClO-将阳极附近的游离氰、金属氰络合离子间接氧化生成N2和CO2,释放出的重金属离子部分在阴极电沉积析出,部分Cu2+会以Cu（OH）2沉淀形式被去除,Zn2+与Cu（CN）32-发生共沉淀以Zn（CN）2及CuCN沉淀形式被去除。同时,微电解-絮凝与PFC水解互相促进,水解产生的氢氧化物与多核羟基络合物通过吸附、絮凝作用有助于沉淀物的快速沉降。采用该技术可达到快速高效去除氰化物及综合利用有价金属的目的,为氰化提金废水的无害化处理与资源综合利用提供了新的途径。

关键词：微电解-絮凝沉淀聚合氯化铁氰化提金废水金属氰络合离子

Degradation of dissolved organic matter in effluent of municipal wastewater plant by a combined tidal and subsurface flow constructed wetland

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第8期33卷 171-181页

作者： Chunjian Lyu Ruixia Liu Xiaojie Li yonghui song Hongjie Gao Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Dissolved organic matter(DOM)is an important constituent of wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)effluent.A novel combined tidal and subsurface flow constructed wetland(TF-SSFCW)of 90 L was constructed for a ten-month trial of advanced treatment of the WWTP *** emission matrix(EEM)fluorescence spectroscopy,parallel factor(PARAFAC)analysis and a two end-member mixing model were employed to characterize the composition and removal process of the effluent DOM(EfOM)from the *** results showed that the TF-SSF-CW performed an efficient EfOM removal with dissolved organic carbon(DOC)removal rate of 88%and dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)removal rate of 91%.Further analysis demonstrated that the EfOM consisted mainly of two protein moieties and two humic-like groups;protein moieties(76%)constituted the main content of EfOM in raw water and humic-like groups(57%)became the dominating contributor after *** EfOM from the WWTP was mainly of aquatic bacterial origin and evolved to a higher proportion of terrigenous origin with higher humification in the TF-SSF-CW effluent.A common controlling treatment-related factor for determining the concentrations of the same kind of substances(protein groups or humic-like groups)was revealed to exist,and the ratio of removal rates between the same substances in treatment was *** study demonstrates that the TF-SSF-CW can be a novel and effective treatment method for the EfOM from WWTPs,and is helpful for understanding of the character of EfOM in wetland treatment.

关键词： Constructed wetland Effluent organic matter Excitation emission matrices PARAFAC analysis

Phosphate recovery from anaerobic digester effluents using CaMg(OH)_4

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第6期28卷 260-268页

作者： Xueyu Liu Zhonghou Xu Jianfeng Peng yonghui song Xiaoguang Meng State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University Center for Environmental Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology

Dolomite lime（DL）（CaMg（OH）4） was used as an economical source of Mg^2＋for the removal and recovery of phosphate from an anaerobic digester effluent of a municipal wastewater treatment plant（MWWTP） wastewater. Batch precipitation results determined that phosphate was effectively reduced from 87 to less than 4 mg-P/L when the effluent water was mixed with 0.3 g/L of DL. The competitive precipitation mechanisms of different solids in the treatment system consisting of Ca^2＋–Mg^2＋–NH4^＋–PO4^3-CO3^2-were determined by comparing model predictions with experimental results. Thermodynamic model calculations indicated that hydroxyapatite（Ca10（PO4）6（OH）2）, Ca4H（PO4）3·3H2O, Ca3（PO4）2（beta）, and Ca3（PO4）2（am2）were more stable than struvite（MgNH4PO36·H2O） and calcite（CaCO3）. However, X-ray diffraction（XRD） analysis determined the formation of struvite and calcite minerals in the treated effluent. Kinetic experimental results showed that most of the phosphate was removed from synthetic effluent containing NH4^＋within 2 hr, while only 20% of the PO4^3-was removed in the absence of NH4^＋after 24 hr of treatment. The formation of struvite in the DL-treated effluent was due to the rapid precipitation rate of the mineral. The final pH of the DL-treated effluent significantly influenced the mass ratio of struvite to calcite in the precipitates. Because more calcite was formed when the p H increased from 8.4 to 9.6, a pH range of 8.0–8.5 should be used to produce solid with high PO4^3-content. This study demonstrated that DL could be used for effective removal of phosphate from the effluent and that resultant precipitates contained high content of phosphate and ammonium.

关键词： Phosphorus recovery Struvite Crystallization Supernatant

An novel identification method of the environmental risk sources for surfacewater pollution accidents in chemical industrial parks

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第7期25卷 1441-1449页

作者： Jianfeng Peng yonghui song Peng Yuan Shuhu Xiao Lu Han State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Department of Urban Water Environmental Research Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

The chemical industry is a major source of various pollution accidents. Improving the management level of risk sources for pollution accidents has become an urgentdemand for most industrialized countries. In pollution accidents, the released chemicals harm the receptors to some extentdepending on their sensitivity or susceptibility. Therefore, identifying the potential risk sources from such a large number of chemical enterprises has become pressingly urgent. Based on the simulation of thewhole accident process, a novel and expandable identification method for risk sources causingwater pollution accidents is presented. The newlydeveloped approach, by analyzing and stimulating thewhole process of a pollution accident between sources and receptors, can be applied to identify risk sources, especially on the nationwide scale. Three major types of losses, such as social, economic and ecological losses,were normalized, analyzed and used for overall consequence modeling. A specific case study area, located in a chemical industry park （CIP） along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, China,was selected to test the potential of the identification method. The results showed that therewere four risk sources for pollution accidents in this CIP. Aniline leakage in the HS Chemical Plantwould lead to the most serious impact on the surroundingwater environment. This potential accidentwould severelydamage the ecosystem up to3.8 kmdownstream of Yangtze River, and lead to pollution over adistance stretching to 73.7 kmdownstream. The proposed method is easily extended to the nationwide identification of potential risk sources.

关键词： water pollution accident risk source identification grading chemical industry parks