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Botulinum toxin type A injection combined with biofeedback in the treatment of spastic pelvic floor syndrome

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第22期12卷 4905-4912页

作者： Fei-Fei Sun yong-qiang chen Zong-Lin Jiang Lin Ma Department of Anorectal Surgery The Eighth People's Hospital of QingdaoQingdao 266000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Spastic pelvic floor syndrome(SPFS)is a refractory pelvic floor disease characterized by abnormal(uncoordinated)contractions of the external anal sphincter and puborectalis muscle during defecation,resulting in rectal emptation and obstructive constipation.The clinical manifestations of SPFS are mainly characterized by difficult defecation,often accompanied by a sense of anal blockage and drooping.Manual defecation is usually needed during defecation.From physical examination,it is commonly observed that the patient's anal muscle tension is high,and it is difficult or even impossible to enter with his fingers.AIM To investigate the characteristics of anorectal pressure and botulinum toxin A injection combined with biofeedback in treating pelvic floor muscle spasm syndrome.METHODS Retrospective analysis of 50 patients diagnosed with pelvic floor spasm syndrome.All patients underwent pelvic floor surface electromyography assessment,anorectal dynamics examination,botulinum toxin type A injection 100 U intramuscular injection,and two cycles of biofeedback therapy.RESULTS After the botulinum toxin A injection combined with two cycles of biofeedback therapy,the patient's postoperative resting and systolic blood pressure were significantly lower than before surgery(P<0.05).Moreover,the electromyography index of the patients in the resting stage and post-resting stages was significantly lower than before surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Botulinum toxin A injection combined with biofeedback can significantly reduce pelvic floor muscle tension in treating pelvic floor muscle spasm syndrome.Anorectal manometry is an effective method to evaluate the efficacy of treatment objectively.However,randomized controlled trials are needed.

关键词： Spastic pelvic floor syndrome Botulinum toxin A Biofeedback Anorectal pressure measurement Agachan constipation score

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Selective lithium recovery from black powder of spent lithiumion batteries via sulfation reaction:phase conversion and impurities influence

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Rare Metals 2023年第7期42卷 2350-2360页

作者： Hao Liu Jia-Liang Zhang Guo-qiang Liang Meng Wang yong-qiang chen cheng-Yan Wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recycling and Extraction of Metals Beijing100083China

The aim of this study is to present a new understanding for the selective lithium recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)via sulfation roasting.The composition of roasting products and reaction behavior of impurity elements were analyzed through thermodynamic calculations.Then,the effects of sulfuric acid dosage,roasting temperature,roasting time,and impurity elements were assessed on the leaching efficiency of valuable metals.Characterization methods such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDS),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)were employed to analyze the phase transformation mechanism during roasting process.The results indicate that after sulfation roasting(n(H_(2)SO_(4)):n(Li)=0.5,550℃,2 h),94%lithium can be selectively recovered by water leaching and more than 95%Ni,Co,and Mn can be leached through acid leaching without the addition of reduction agent.During the sulfation roasting process,the lithium in LiNi_(x)Mn_(y)Co_zO_(2)is mainly converted to Li_(2)SO_(4),while the Ni,Co and Mn are first transformed to sulfate and then converted into oxide form.In addition,impurity elements such as Al and F will combine with lithium to form LiF and LiAlO_(2),which will reduce the leaching rate of lithium.These results provide a new understanding on the mechanisms of phase conversion during sulfation roasting and reveal the influence of impurity elements for the lithium recovery from spent LIBs.

关键词： Spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) Thermodynamic calculations Sulfation roasting Impurity elements Conversion mechanism

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Two-stage reduction for the preparation of ferronickel alloy from nickel laterite ore with low Co and high MgO contents

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第5期24卷 512-522页

作者： yong-qiang chen Hong-liang Zhao cheng-yan Wang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Key Lab of Rare & Precious Metals Green Recycling and Extraction

The preparation of ferronickel alloy from the nickel laterite ore with low Co and high MgO contents was studied by using a pre-reduction-smelting method. The effects of reduction time, calcination temperature, quantity of reductant and calcium oxide (CaO), and pellet diameter on the reduction ratio of Fe and on the pellet strength were investigated. The results show that, for a roasting temperature > 800 A degrees C, a roasting time > 30 min, 1.5wt% added anthracite coal, 5wt% added CaO, and a pellet size of similar to 10 mm, the reduction ratio of Fe exceeds 70% and the compressive strength of the pellets exceeds 10 kg per pellet. Reduction smelting experiments were performed by varying the smelting time, temperature, quantity of reductant and CaO, and reduction ratio of Fe in the pellets. Optimal conditions for the reduction smelting process are as follows: smelting time, 30-45 min; smelting temperature, 1550A degrees C; quantity of reductant, 4wt%-5wt%; and quantity of CaO, 5wt%; leading to an Fe reduction ratio of 75% in the pellets. In addition, the mineral composition of the raw ore and that during the reduction process were investigated by process mineralogy.

关键词： pre-reduction smelting ferronickel alloy nickel laterite ore

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A new method of quality improvement for quadrilateral mesh based on small polygon reconnection

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2012年第1期28卷 140-145页

作者： Jian-Fei Liu Shu-Li Sun yong-qiang chen LTCS Department of Mechanics and Aerospace EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking University100871 BeijingChina

In this paper, a new method of topological cleanup for quadrilateral mesh is presented. The method first selects a patch of mesh around an irregular node. It then seeks the best connection of the selected patch according to its irregular valence using a new topological operation： small polygon reconnection （SPR）. By replacing the original patch with an optimal one that has less irregular valence, mesh quality can be improved. Three applications based on the proposed approach are enumerated：（1） improving the quality of a quadrilateral mesh, （2） converting a triangular mesh to a quadrilateral one, and （3） adapting a triangle generator to a quadrilateral one. The presented method is highly effective in all three applications.

关键词： Mesh improvement - Topological clean-up Quadrilateral mesh Small polygon reconnection

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Electrochemical behavior and corrosion resistance of IrO2–ZrO2 binary oxide coatings for promoting oxygen evolution in sulfuric acid solution

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第2期27卷 264-273页

作者： Bao Liu Shuo Wang cheng-yan Wang Bao-zhong Ma yong-qiang chen School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Rare and Precious Metals Green Recycling and Extraction University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

In this study,we prepared Ti/IrO2–ZrO2 electrodes with different ZrO2 contents using zirconium-n-butoxide(C16H36O4Zr)and chloroiridic acid(H2IrCl6)via a sol–gel route.To explore the effect of ZrO2 content on the surface properties and electrochemical behavior of electrodes,we performed physical characterizations and electrochemical measurements.The obtained results revealed that the binary oxide coating was composed of rutile IrO2,amorphous ZrO2,and an IrO2–ZrO2 solid solution.The IrO2–ZrO2 binary oxide coatings exhibited cracked structures with flat regions.A slight incorporation of ZrO2 promoted the crystallization of the active component IrO2.However,the crystallization of IrO2 was hindered when the added ZrO2 content was greater than 30at%.The appropriate incorporation of ZrO2 enhanced the electrocatalytic performance of the pure IrO2 coating.The Ti/70at%IrO2–30at%ZrO2 electrode,with its large active surface area,improved electrocatalytic activity,long service lifetime,and especially,lower cost,is the most effective for promoting oxygen evolution in sulfuric acid solution.

关键词： electrode IrO2-ZrO2 oxygen evolution reaction electrochemical behavior corrosion resistance

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Recovery of iron from copper tailings via low-temperature direct reduction and magnetic separation: process optimization and mineralogical study

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第9期24卷 974-982页

作者： Rui-min Jiao Peng Xing cheng-yan Wang Bao-zhong Ma yong-qiang chen School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Currently, the majority of copper tailings are not effectively developed. Worldwide, large amounts of copper tailings generated from copper production are continuously dumped, posing a potential environmental threat. Herein, the recovery of iron from copper tailings via low-temperature direct reduction and magnetic separation was conducted; process optimization was carried out, and the corresponding mineralogy was investigated. The reduction time, reduction temperature, reducing agent (coal), calcium chloride additive, grinding time, and magnetic field intensity were examined for process optimization. Mineralogical analyses of the sample, reduced pellets, and magnetic concentrate under various conditions were performed by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry to elucidate the iron reduction and growth mechanisms. The results indicated that the optimum parameters of iron recovery include a reduction temperature of 1150A degrees C, a reduction time of 120 min, a coal dosage of 25%, a calcium chloride dosage of 2.5%, a magnetic field intensity of 100 mT, and a grinding time of 1 min. Under these conditions, the iron grade in the magnetic concentrate was greater than 90%, with an iron recovery ratio greater than 95%.

关键词： copper tailings iron direct reduction magnetic separation recovery process optimization

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A new 8-connected self-penetrating metal-organic framework based on dinuclear cadmium clusters as secondary building units

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第8期24卷 691-694页

作者： Kun-Huan He Yun-Wu Li yong-qiang chen Ze Chang Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Lab of Metal and Molecule-Based Material ChemistryNankai University

A new metal-organic framework（MOF） based on metal clusters as secondary building units（SBU）,has been synthesized and structurally characterized.The reported MOF presents an interesting 8-connected self-penetrating coordination network based on dinuclear cadmium cluster with a 4^（24）·5·6~3 topology. Moreover,the thermal stability and luminescence property of this compound have been investigated.

关键词： Metal-organic framework Secondary building units Coordination network Luminescence property

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Recovery and regeneration of LiFePO_(4)from spent lithium-ion batteries via a novel pretreatment process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第9期28卷 1478-1487页

作者： cheng Yang Jia-liang Zhang Qian-kun Jing Yu-bo Liu yong-qiang chen cheng-yan Wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recycling and Extraction of Metals Beijing 100083China School of Metallurgy Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China

The recycling of spent LiFePO_(4)batteries has received extensive attention due to its environmental impact and economic benefit.In the pretreatment process of spent LiFePO_(4)batteries,the separation of active materials and current collectors determines the difficulty of the re-covery process and product quality.In this work,a facile and efficient pretreatment process is first proposed.After only freezing the electrode pieces and immersing them in boiling water,LiFePO_(4)materials were peeled from the Al foil.Then,after roasting under an inert atmosphere and sieving,all the cathode and anode active materials were easily and efficiently separated from the Al and Cu foils.The active materials were subjected to acid leaching,and the leaching solution was further used to prepare FePO_(4)and Li_(2)CO_(3).Finally,the battery-grade FePO_(4)and Li_(2)CO_(3)were used to re-synthesize LiFePO_(4)/C via the carbon thermal reduction method.The discharge capacities of re-synthesized LiFePO_(4)/C cathode were 144.2,139.0,133.2,125.5,and 110.5 mA·h·g−1 at rates of 0.1,0.5,1,2,and 5 C,which satisfies the requirement for middle-end LiFePO_(4)batteries.The whole process is environmental and has great potential for industrial-scale recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： spent lithium iron phosphate batteries pretreating process recovery regeneration cathode materials

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Deep cleaning of a metallurgical zinc leaching residue and recovery of valuable metals

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第11期24卷 1217-1227页

作者： Peng Xing Bao-zhong Ma Peng Zeng cheng-yan Wang Ling Wang yong-lu Zhang yong-qiang chen Shuo Wang Qiu-yin Wang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Yunnan Yuntong Zinc Co. Ltd. Kunming 650051 China Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China

Huge quantities of zinc leaching residues(ZLRs) generated from zinc production are dumped continuously around the world and pose a potential environmental threat because of their considerable amounts of entrained heavy metals(mainly lead). Most ZLRs have not been properly treated and the valuable metals in them have not yet been effectively recovered. Herein, the deep cleaning of a ZLR and recovery of valuable metals via a hydrometallurgical route were investigated. The cleaning process consists of two essential stages: acid leaching followed by calcium chloride leaching. The optimum conditions for extracting zinc, copper, and indium by acid leaching were a sulfuric acid concentration of 200 g·L^(-1), a liquid/solid ratio of 4:1(m L/g), a leaching time of 2 h, and a temperature of 90°C. For lead and silver extractions, the optimum conditions were a calcium chloride concentration of 400 g·L^(-1), a pH value of 1.0, a leaching time of 1 h, and a temperature of 30°C. After calcium chloride leaching, silver and lead were extracted out and the lead was finally recovered as electrolytic lead by electrowinning. The anglesite phase, which poses the greatest potential environmental hazard, was removed from the ZLR after deep cleaning, thus reducing the cost of environmental management of ZLRs. The treatment of chlorine and spent electrolyte generated in the process was discussed.

关键词： deep cleaning zinc leaching residue zinc lead leaching electrowinning

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Preliminarily study of Saturn’s upper atmosphere density by observing Cassini plunging via China’s deep space station

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第7期20卷 112-116页

作者： Lue chen Jin-Song Ping Xiang Liu Na Wang Jian-Feng Cao Guang-Ming chen Ming-Yuan Wang Wen-Xiao Li Jian-Hui Zhang yong-qiang chen Shi-Lei Yue Song-Tao Han Jing Sun Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Aerospace Control Center Beijing 100094China Xi’an Satellite Control Center Xi’an 710043China

When the Cassini spacecraft finally plunged into the Saturnian atmosphere on 2017 September15,China’s deep space telescope pointed to Saturn to observe Cassini and study the Saturnian upper neutral atmosphere.In this first Chinese Saturnian radio science experiment,X band Doppler velocity radio science data between the deep space telescope and the Cassini spacecraft were obtained.After removing Saturnian and solar gravity effects,Earth rotation effect,the remaining Saturnian atmosphere drag information was retrieved in the Cassini final plunge progress.Saturn’s upper neutral atmosphere mass density profile is approximately estimated based on atmosphere mass density derived principally by real orbit measurement data.Saturn’s upper neutral atmosphere mass density from 76000 km to 1400 km is estimated from the orbit measurement data,the mass density results are about from 1.4×10^-15 kg cm^-3 to 2.5×10^-14 kg cm^-3.

关键词： Cassini Saturn Doppler velocity neutral atmosphere mass density

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